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Inheritance patterns of secondary symbionts during sexual reproduction of pea aphid biotypes

Insect Science 2014年第3期21卷 291-300页

作者： Jean Peccoud Joêl Bonhomme Frédérique Mahéo Manon de la Huerta Olivier Cosson Jean-christophe Simon INRA Institut de Génétique Environnement et Protection des Plantes (UMR IGEPP) Domaine de La Motte 35653 le Rheu cedex France

Herbivorous insects frequently harbor bacterial symbionts that affect their ecol- ogy and evolution. Aphids host the obligatory endosymbiont Buchnera, which is requiredfor reproduction, together with facultative symbionts whose frequencies vary across aphid populations. These maternally transmitted secondary symbionts have been particularlystudied in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, which harbors at least 8 distinct bacterial species （not counting Buchnera） having environmentally dependent effects on host fitness.In particular, these symbiont species are associated with pea aphid populations feeding on specific plants. Although they are maternally inherited, these bacteria are occasionallytransferred across insect lineages. One mechanism of such nonmaternal transfer is paternal transmission to the progeny during sexual reproduction. To date, transmission of secondarysymbionts during sexual reproduction of aphids has been investigated in only a handful of aphid lineages and 3 symbiont species. To better characterize this process, we investigatedinheritance patterns of 7 symbiont species during sexual reproduction of pea aphids through a crossing experiment involving 49 clones belonging to 9 host-specialized biotypes, and117 crosses. Symbiont species in the progeny were detected with diagnostic qualitative PCR at the fundatrix stage hatching from eggs and in later parthenogenetic generations.We found no confirmed case of paternal transmission of symbionts to the progeny, and we observed that maternal transmission of a particular symbiont species （Serratia symbiotica）was quite inefficient. We discuss these observations in respect to the ecology of the pea aphid.

关键词： bacteria Homoptera paternal inheritance phytophagous insects symbiosis transmission failure

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Redox and acetylation coordinate ABA-independent osmotic stress response

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 583-585页

作者： christophe Belin Jean-Philippe Reichheld laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes UniversitéPerpignan Via Domitia66860 PerpignanFrance laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes CNRS66860 PerpignanFrance

Osmotic stress caused by drought or high salt concentrations is a major threat that limits plant development and affect crop productivity.In the context of climate change,understanding the mechanisms by which plants perceive their environment to adapt to their development is a major question.A common feature of plants being exposed to osmotic stress is the accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)(Martinière et al.,2019).ROS can oxidatively damage biological molecules,such as nucleic acids,proteins,and lipids,but also play important signaling functions.To protect from ROS-induced oxidation,living organisms have developed a large panel of enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems to remove ROS and oxidized molecules.

关键词： functions. enzymatic coordinate

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3D models of dilated cardiomyopathy:Shaping the chemical,physical and topographical properties of biomaterials to mimic the cardiac extracellular matrix

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第1期7卷 275-291页

作者： Marie Camman Pierre Joanne Onnik Agbulut christophe Helary Sorbonne Universit´e CNRSUMR 7574Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Paris4 place Jussieu(case 174)F-75005ParisFrance Sorbonne Universite Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine(IBPS)CNRS UMR 8256Inserm ERL U1164Biological Adaptation and Ageing7 quai St-Bernard(case 256)F-75005ParisFrance

The pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM),one major cause of heart failure,is characterized by the dilation of the heart but remains poorly understood because of the lack of adequate in vitro models.Current 2D models do not allow for the 3D organotypic organization of cardiomyocytes and do not reproduce the ECM perturbations.In this review,the different strategies to mimic the chemical,physical and topographical properties of the cardiac tissue affected by DCM are presented.The advantages and drawbacks of techniques generating anisotropy required for the cardiomyocytes alignment are discussed.In addition,the different methods creating macroporosity and favoring organotypic organization are compared.Besides,the advances in the induced pluripotent stem cells technology to generate cardiac cells from healthy or DCM patients will be described.Thanks to the biomaterial design,some features of the DCM extracellular matrix such as stiffness,porosity,topography or chemical changes can impact the cardiomyocytes function in vitro and increase their maturation.By mimicking the affected heart,both at the cellular and at the tissue level,3D models will enable a better understanding of the pathology and favor the discovery of novel therapies.

关键词： Biomaterials Dilated cardiomyopathies Induced pluripotent stem cells Porosity Anisotropy

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Dihydrosphingosine-lnduced Programmed Cell death in Tobacco BY-2 Cells Is Independent of H2O2 Production

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Molecular Plant 2011年第2期4卷 310-318页

作者： christophe lachaud Universite de Toulouse UPS UMR 5546 Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Vegetaux BP 42617 F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan France CNRS UMR 5546 BP 42617 F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan France

Sphinganine or dihydrosphingosine （d18：0, DHS）, one of the most abundant free sphingoid Long Chain Base （LCB） in plants, has been recently shown to induce both cytosolic and nuclear calcium transient increases and a correlated Programmed Cell death （PCD） in tobacco BY-2 cells. In this study, in order to get deeper insight into the LCB signaling pathway leading to cell death, the putative role of Reactive Oxygen Species （ROS） has been investigated. We show that DHS triggers a rapid dose-dependent production of H2O2 that is blocked by diphenyleniodonium （DPI）, indicating the involvement of NADPH oxidase（s） in the process. In addition, while DPI does not block DHS-induced calcium increases, the ROS production is inhibited by the broad spectrum calcium channel blocker lanthanum （la^3＋）. Therefore, ROS production occurs downstream of DHS-induced Ca^2＋ transients. Interestingly, DHS activates expression of defense-related genes that is inhibited by both la^3＋ and DPI. Since DPI does not prevent DHS-induced cell death, these results strongly indicate that DHS-induced H2O2 production is not implicated in PCD mechanisms but rather would be associated to basal cell defense mechanisms.

关键词： Tobacco BY-2 cells calcium signaling cytosolic calcium aequorin sphingolipids LCBs dihydrosphingosine sphinganine apoptosis Programmed Cell death （PCD） Reactive Oxygen Species （ROS） H2O2 oxidative burst.

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Prediction of Extractable Cd,Pb and Zn in Contaminated Woody Habitat Soils Using a Change Point detection Method

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Pedosphere 2016年第3期26卷 282-298页

作者： christophe WATERLOT Christelle PRUVOT Géraldine BIDAR Clémentine FRITSCH Annette de VAUFLEURY Renaud SCHEIFLER Francis DOUAY Groupe ISA Laboratoire Genie Civil et geo-Environnement(LGCgE)Lille 59046(France) departement Chrono-Environment UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 USC INRAUniversite Bourgogne Franche-ComteBesancon 25030(France)

Accumulation of heavy metals in soils poses a potential risk to plant production, which is related to availability of the metals in soil. The phytoavailability of metals is usually evaluated using extracting solutions such as salts, acids or chelates. The purpose of this study was to identify the most significant soil parameters that can be used to predict the concentrations of acetic and citric acidextractable cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb) and zinc(Zn) in contaminated woody habitat topsoils. Multiple linear regression models were established using two analysis strategies and three sets of variables based on a dataset of 260 soil samples. The performance of these models was evaluated using statistical parameters. Cation exchange capacity, CaCO_3, organic matter, assimilated P, free Al oxide,sand and the total metal concentrations appeared to be the main soil parameters governing the solubility of Cd, Pb and Zn in acetic and citric acid solutions. The results strongly suggest that the metal solubility in extracting solutions is extractable concentrationdependent since models were overall improved by incorporating a change point. This change point detection method was a powerful tool for predicting extractable Cd, Pb and Zn. Suitable predictions of extractable Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations were obtained, with correlation coefficient(adjusted r) ranging from 0.80 to 0.99, given the high complexity of the woody habitat soils studied. Therefore,the predictive models can constitute a decision-making support tool for managing phytoremediation of contaminated soils, making recommendations to control the potential bioavailability of metals. The relationships between acetic and/or citric acid-extractable concentrations and the concentrations of metals into the aboveground parts of plants need to be predicted, in order to make their temporal monitoring easier.

关键词： acetic acid citric acid contaminated soil extractability metals multiple linear regression model soil parameters

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Involvement of chemosensory proteins in host plant searching in the bird cherry-oat aphid

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Insect Science 2021年第5期28卷 1338-1353页

作者： Xiong Peng lang Liu Yi-Xiao Huang Su-Ji Wang de-Xian Li Shu-Ting Chen Jean-christophe Simon Ming-Jing Qu Mao-Hua Chen State Key laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNorthwest A&F UniversityYang lingShaanxi Province712100China IGEPP UMR 1349 INRAAgrocampus OuestUniv Rennes 1F-35653 Domaine De La MotteLe RheuFrance Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shandong Peanut Research InstituteQingdaoShandong266100China

Chemosensory systems are considered to play an important role in host plant selection in herbivorous insects.However,few studies have focused on chemosensory proteins(CSPs)for aphid host-location mechanisms.The roles of CSPs in searching for different Poaceae species(wheat,barley,triticale,maize and sorghum)were tested in Rhopalosiphum padi,an important cereal pest.The olfactometer assays showed that R.padi responds to plant odors.Seven R.padi CSP genes were identified.Influence of aphid morph,tissue and starvation state on expression patterns of CSPs was evaluated.Expression levels of CSPI,CSP4,CSP5 and CSP6 in winged aphids were significantly higher than those in wingless ones.Transcription levels of four genes(CSPI,CSP4,CSP5 and CSP6)were relatively higher in the head with antennae,and the four genes tended to be upregulated follow ing starvation.Silencing of three CSPs(CSP4,CSP5 and CSP6)altered aphid host-location behavior in response to the five different host plants tested.Three volatile compounds of host plants(octanal,[E]-2-hexenol and linalool)have signif-icant attraction to winged R.padi according to the four-arm olfactometer tests.Molecular docking predicted hydrogen bonding sites which played key roles in the binding of CSP4,CSP5 and CSP6 with volatile compounds.Knockdown of CSP4 or CSP5 significantly decreased the staying time of R.padi in the arms with octanal.However,knockdown of CSP6 could not affect the response of R.padi to octanal.These results bring evidence for the involvement of three CSPs in R.padi host-location behavior.

关键词： host choice experiment olfactometer Rhopalosiphum padi RNAi starvation wing form

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Small-world networks of neuroblastoma cells cultured in three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds featuring multi-scale roughness

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 759-768页

作者： Valentina Onesto Angelo Accardo christophe Vieu Francesco Gentile Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare Italian Institute of TechnologyNaplesItaly laboratoire d’Analyse et d’Architecture des Systemes(laAS) Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversite de ToulouseCNRSToulouseFrance Institut National des Sciences Appliquees–INSA ToulouseFrance department of Electric Engineering and Information Technology University Federico IINaplesItaly department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 22628 CD DelftThe Netherlands

Understanding the mechanisms underlying cell-surface interaction is of fundamental importance for the rational design of scaffolds aiming at tissue engineering,tissue repair and neural regeneration applications.Here,we examined patterns of neuroblastoma cells cultured in three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds obtained by two-photon lithography.Because of the intrinsic resolution of the technique,the micrometric cylinders composing the scaffold have a lateral step size of^200 nm,a surface roughness of around 20 nm,and large values of fractal dimension approaching 2.7.We found that cells in the scaffold assemble into separate groups with many elements per group.After cell wiring,we found that resulting networks exhibit high clustering,small path lengths,and small-world characteristics.These values of the topological characteristics of the network can potentially enhance the quality,quantity and density of information transported in the network compared to equivalent random graphs of the same size.This is one of the first direct observations of cells developing into 3D small-world networks in an artificial matrix.

关键词： 3D networks biomaterials nano-topography network topology neuro-regeneration small-world networks tissue engineering two-photon lithography

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FOLFIRI3-aflibercept in previously treated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第5期9卷 110-118页

作者： CANDice Carola Fran?ois Ghiringhelli Stefano Kim Thierry ANDré Juliette Barlet Le?la Bengrine-Lefevre Hélène Marijon Marie-Line Garcia-larnicol christophe Borg Linda Dainese Nils Steuer Hubert Richa Magdalena Benetkiewicz Annette K larsen Aimery de Gramont Benoist Chibaudel department of Medical Oncology Franco-British Institute department of Medical Oncology Centre George Fran?ois Leclerc department of Medical Oncology CHU Besan?on department of Medical Oncology Saint-Antoine Hospital and Sorbonne Universités UMPC department of Anatomy-Pathology Paris Pathology Institute department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Franco-British Institute Fondation ARCAD Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine INSERM U938 Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université

AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified FOLFIRI3-aflibercept as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.METHODS This is a retrospective multicenter cohort, evaluating the efficacy and safety of the association of aflibercept with FOLFIRI3(day 1: aflibercept 4 mg/kg, folinic acid 400 mg/m^2, irinotecan 90 mg/m^2, 5-fluorouracil infusion 2400 mg/m^2 per 46 h; day 3: irinotecan 90 mg/m^2) in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. The primary endpoint was overall response rate(ORR). Secondary endpoints were disease control rate(DCR), progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival(OS), and safety.RESULTS Among 74 patients treated in four French centers, nine were excluded due to prior use of aflibercept(n = 3), more than one prior treatment line in irinotecanna?ve patients(n = 3), and inadequate liver function(n = 3). In the "irinotecan-na?ve" patients(n = 30), ORR was 43.3% and DCR was 76.7%. Median PFS and OS were 11.3 mo(95%CI: 6.1-29.0) and 17.0 mo(95%CI: 13.0-17.3), respectively. The most common(> 5%) grade 3-4 adverse events were diarrhea(37.9%), neutropenia(14.3%), stomatitis and anemia(10.4%), and hypertension(6.7%). In the "pre-exposed irinotecan" patients(n = 35), 20(57.1%) received ≥ 2 prior lines of treatment. ORR was 34.3% and DCR was 60.0%. Median PFS and OS were 5.7 mo(95%CI: 3.9-10.4) and 14.3 mo(95%CI: 12.8-19.5), respectively.CONCLUSION Minimally modified FOLFIRI has improvement dramatically the FOLFIRI3-aflibercept efficacy, whatever prior use of irinotecan. A prospective randomized trial is warranted to compare FOLFIRI-aflibercept to FOLFIRI3-aflibercept.

关键词： Chemotherapy Irinotecan Aflibercept Second-line Colorectal cancer

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Root osmotic sensing from local perception to systemic responses

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 249-269页

作者： Lucille Gorgues Xuelian Li christophe Maurel Alexandre Martiniere Philippe Nacry IPSiM CNRSINRAEInstitut AgroUniv Montpellier34060 MontpellierFrance

Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-ple is root response to water deficit.Upon drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant levels.Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability.Here,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.

关键词： Drought Water deficit perception Local signaling Long distance signaling Local water deficit Adaptive development

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True democracy Shown in democratic System with Chinese Characteristics

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Contemporary World 2023年第2期 44-48页

作者： Jean-christophe Iseux the UK based Institute for East-West Strategic Studies Emmanuel College University of Cambridge

Alexis de Tocqueville wrote de la democratie en Amerique a brilliant analysis of the NorthAmerican democratic system, and in the process conducted a thorough critique of the European democratic system of his time. I w... 详细信息

关键词： True demo brilliant

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