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Vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed with hepatitis C pseudo particles induces specific immune responses in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第8期18卷 785-793页

作者： Kilian Weigand Franziska Voigt Jens Encke Birgit Hoyler Wolfgang Stremmel christoph eisenbach Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital Heidelberg Department of Medicine Johanna-Etienne-Kran-kenhaus Neuss

AIM: To explore dendritic cells (DCs) multiple functions in immune modulation. METHODS: We used bone-marrow derived dendritic cells from BALB/c mice pulsed with pseudo particles from the hepatitis C virus to vaccinate naive BALB/c mice. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) pseudo particles consist of the genotype 1b derived envelope proteins E1 and E2, covering a non-HCV core structure. Thus, not a single epitope, but the whole "viral surface" induces immunogenicity. For vaccination, mature and activated DC were injected subcutaneously twice. RESULTS: Humoral and cellular immune responses measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot test showed antibody production as well as T-cellsdirected against HCV. Furthermore, T-cell responses confi rmed two highly immunogenic regions in E1 and E2 outside the hypervariable region 1. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate dendritic cells as a promising vaccination model for HCV infection that should be evaluated further.

关键词：丙型肝炎病毒细胞免疫反应树突状细胞疫苗接种颗粒组成脉冲接种小鼠诱导

Noninvasive indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate predicts early complications,graft failure or death after liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第4期10卷 362-368页

作者： Lutz Schneider Martin Spiegel Sebastian Latanowicz Markus A Weigand Jan Schmidt Jens Werner Wolfgang Stremmel christoph eisenbach Department of General Surgery University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 110Heidelberg 69110Germany Department of Gastroenterology University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 410Heidelberg 69120Germany Department of Anaesthesiology University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 110Heidelberg 69110Germany

BACKGROUND:Early detection of graft malfunction or postoperative complications is essential to save patients and organs after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Predictive tests for graft dysfunction are needed to enable earlier implementation of organ-saving interventions following transplantation.This study was undertaken to assess the value of indocyanine green plasma disappearance rates (ICG-PDRs) for predicting postoperative complications,graft dysfunction and patient survival following OLT.METHODS:Eighty-six patients undergoing OLT were included in this single-centre trial.ICG-PDR was assessed daily for the first 7 days following OLT.Endpoints were graft loss or death within 30 days and postoperative complications,graft loss,or death within 30 days.RESULTS:Postoperative complications of 31 patients included deaths (12 patients) or graft losses.ICG-PDR was significantly different in patients whose endpoints were graft loss or death beginning from day 3 and in those whose endpoints were graft loss,death,or postoperative complications beginning from day 4 after OLT.For day 7 measurements,receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an ICG-PDR cut-off for predicting death or graft loss of 9.6% per min (a sensitivity of 75.0%,a specificity of 72.6%,positive predictive value 0.35 negative predictive value 0.94).For prediction of graft loss,death or postoperative complications,the ICG-PDR cut-off was 12.3%per min (a sensitivity of 68.9%,a specificity of 66.7%,positive predictive value 0.57,negative predictive value 0.77).CONCLUSIONS:ICG-PDR measurements on postoperative day 7 are predictive of early patient outcomes following OLT.The added value over that of routinely determined laboratory parameters is low.

关键词： indocyanine green liver function liver transplantation

Successful recanalization of long femoro-crural occlusive disease after failed bypass surgery

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第12期9卷 842-847页

作者： Grigorios Korosoglou Tom Eisele Dorothea Raupp christoph eisenbach Sorin Giusca Cardiology and Vascular Medicine GRN Academic Teaching HospitalWeinheim 69469Germany christoph eisenbach Diabetology and GastroenterologyGRN Academic Teaching HospitalWeinheim 69469Germany

Patients with critical limb ischemia necessitate immediate intervention to restore blood flow to the affected limb.Endovascular procedures are currently preferred for these patients.We describe the case of an 80-year-old female patient who presented to our department with ischemic rest pain and ulceration of the left limb.The patient had history of left femoral popliteal bypass surgery,femoral thromboendarterectomy and patch angioplasty of the same limb 2 years ago.Doppler sonography and magnetic resonance angiography revealed an occlusion of the left superficial femoral artery(SFA) and popliteal artery and of all three infra-popliteal arteries.Due to severe comorbidities,the patient was scheduled for a digital subtraction angiography.An antegrade approach was first attempted,however the occlusion could not be passed.After revision of the angiography acquisition,a stent was identified at the level of the mid SFA,which was subsequently directly punctured,facilitating the retrograde crossing of the occlusion.Thereafter,balloon angioplasty was performed in the SFA,popliteal artery and posterior tibial artery.The result was considered suboptimal,but due to the large amount of contrast agent used,a second angiography was planned in 4 wk.In the second session,drug coated balloons were used to optimize treatment of the SFA,combined with recanalization of the left fibular artery,to optimize outflow.The post-procedural course was uneventful.Ischemic pain resolved completely after the procedure and at 8 wk of follow-up and the foot ulceration completely healed.

关键词： Critical limb ischemia Chronic occlusion Duplex sonography Lower limb

Successful endovascular treatment in patients with acute thromboembolic ischemia of the lower limb including the crural arteries

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World Journal of Cardiology 2018年第10期10卷 145-152页

作者： Sorin Giusca Dorothea Raupp Dirk Dreyer christoph eisenbach Grigorios Korosoglou Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine GRN Hospital WeinheimWeinheim 69469Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Diabetology GRN Hospital WeinheimWeinheim 69469Germany Straub Medical AG Wangs CH-7323Switzerland

AIM To examine the efficacy and safety of the 6 French(6F) Rotarex~S catheter system in patients with acute limb ischemia(ALI) involving thromboembolic occlusion of the proximal and mid-crural vessels.METHODS The files of patients in our department with ALI between 2015 and 2017 were examined. In seven patients, the Rotarex~S catheter was used in the proximal segment of the crural arteries. Data related to the clinical examination, Doppler sonography, angiography and followup from these patients were further used for analysis.RESULTS Two patients(29%) had thrombotic occlusion of the common femoral artery, and the remaining five exhibited thrombosis of the superficial femoral artery and popliteal artery. Mechanical thrombectomy was performed in all cases using a 6F Rotarex~S catheter. Additional Rotarex~S catheter thrombectomy due to remaining thrombus formation with no reflow was performed in the anterior tibial artery in two of seven cases(29%), in the tibiofibular tract and posterior tibial artery in two of seven cases(29%) and in the tibiofibular tract and fibular artery in the remaining three of seven cases(43%). Ischemic symptoms resolved promptly in all, and none of the patients experienced a procedural complication, such as crural vessel dissection, perforation or thrombus embolization.CONCLUSION Mechanical debulking using the 6F Rotarex~S catheter system may be a safe and effective treatment option in case of thrombotic or thromboembolic occlusion of the proximal and mid-portion of crural arteries.

关键词： Thrombus aspiration Rotarex*S mechanical debulking catheter Crural arteries Lower limb Critical limb ischemia Acute occlusion Duplex sonography

Diagnostic criteria for acute liver failure due to Wilson disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第11期13卷 1711-1714页

作者： christoph eisenbach Olivia Sieg Wolfgang Stremmel Jens Encke Uta Merle University Hospital of Heidelberg Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Im Neuenheimer Feld 410 Heidelberg D-69120 Germany

AIM: To describe the diagnostic criteria for acute liver failure due to Wilson disease (WD), which is an uncommon cause of acute liver failure (ALF). METHODS: We compared findings of patients presenting with ALF due to WD to those with ALF of other etiologies. RESULTS: Previously described criteria, such as low alkaline phosphatase activity, ratio of low alkaline phosphatase to total bilirubin or ratio of high aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT), failed to identify patients with ALF due to WD. There were significant differences in low ALT and AST activities (53 ± 43 vs 1982 ± 938, P < 0.0001 and 87 ± 44 vs 2756 ± 2941, P = 0.037, respectively), low choline esterase activity (1.79 ± 1.2 vs 4.30 ± 1.2, P = 0.009), high urine copper concentrations (93.4 ± 144.0 vs 3.5 ± 1.8, P = 0.001) and low hemoglobin (7.0 ± 2.2 vs 12.6 ± 1.8, P < 0.0001) in patients with ALF caused by WD as compared with other etiologies. Interestingly, 4 of 7 patients with ALF due to WD survived without liver transplantation. CONCLUSION: In ALF, these criteria can help establish a diagnosis of WD. Where applicable, slit- lamp examination for presence of Kayser-Fleischer rings and liver biopsy for determination of hepatic copper concentration still remain important for the diagnosis of ALF due to WD. The need for liver transplantation should be evaluated carefully as the prognosis is not necessarily fatal.

关键词：肝豆状核变性急性肝衰竭诊断标准铜代谢

ion acceleration;quantum electrodynamic effects

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Shikha Bhadoria Mattias Marklund christoph H.Keitel Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik HeidelbergGermany Department of Physics University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

The impact of radiation reaction and Breit±Wheeler pair production on the acceleration of fully ionized carbon ions driven by an intense linearly polarized laser pulse has been investigated in the ultra-relativistic transparency regime.Against initial expectations, the radiation reaction and pair production at ultra-high laser intensities are found to enhance the energy gained by the ions. The electrons lose most of their transverse momentum, and the additionally produced pair plasma of Breit±Wheeler electrons and positrons co-streams in the forward direction as opposed to the existing electrons streaming at an angle above zero degree. We discuss how these observations could be explained by the changes in the phase velocity of the Buneman instability, which is known to aid ion acceleration in the breakout afterburner regime, by tapping the free energy in the relative electron and ion streams. We present evidence that these non-classical effects can further improve the highest carbon ion energies in this transparency regime.

关键词： ion acceleration quantum electrodynamic effects

Implementation and validation of a bonded particle model to predict rheological properties of viscoelastic materials

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 198-210页

作者： Michael Mascara Arno Mayrhofer Stefan Radl christoph Kloss Institute of Process and Particle Engineering Graz University of TechnologyInffeldgasse 13Graz8010Austria DCS Computing GmbH Industriezeile 35Linz4020Austria

This work focuses on implementing a particle-based method able to characterize viscoelastic materials whose rheological properties,such as storage modulus G′and loss modulus G″,are known.It is based on the bonded particle model,with the elastic constitutive relation here substituted with a viscoelastic one to capture time-scale effects.The Burgers model,vastly used in literature to model viscoelastic systems,is discretized and implemented.The test case used for calibration comprises of a cubic lattice,sheared with a periodic motion,to mimic the effect of a shear rheometer.After appropriate filtering of the stress response,the rheological properties are obtained,highlighting the effect of the lattice geometry,as well as the particle size,on the accuracy of the model.Moreover,the Burgers parameters are calibrated by analytically fitting the experimental dataset,showing the limitation of the Burgers model.The micro-contact parameters are obtained from the macro parameters through appropriate scaling.After completing a frequency sweep,the simulated G′and G″show a relatively large error,around 25%for G’for example.For this reason,a more robust model,namely the generalized Maxwell model,has been implemented.The calibration procedure is performed in the same fashion as for the Burgers model.Moreover,the tangential micro-contact parameters are scaled w.***.t.the normal ones.This scaling parameter,calledα,is calibrated by minimizing the root mean square error between simulation and experimental data,giving errors below 10%in both G′and G″for a large dataset.Additionally,a full ring plate-plate rheometer setup is simulated,and the simulation is compared with the given experimental dataset,again finding a good agreement.

关键词： DEM Rheology Numerical modeling Viscoelasticity

Recycled graphite for more sustainable lithium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 15-24页

作者： Mayokun Olutogun Anna Vanderbruggen christoph Frey Martin Rudolph Dominic Bresser Stefano Passerini Helmholtz Institute Ulm(HIU) Ulm Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) KarlsruheGermany Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf(HZDR) Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology(HIF)FreibergGermany ProGraphite GmbH UntergriesbachGermany Chemistry Department Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

The demand for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)is driven largely by their use in electric vehicles,which is projected to increase dramatically in the future.This great success,however,urgently calls for the efficient recycling of LIBs at the end of their life.Herein,we describe a froth flotation-based process to recycle graphite—the predominant active material for the negative electrode—from spent LIBs and investigate its reuse in newly assembled LIBs.It has been found that the structure and morphology of the recycled graphite are essentially unchanged compared to pristine commercial anode-grade graphite,and despite some minor impurities from the recycling process,the recycled graphite provides a remarkable reversible specific capacity of more than 350 mAh g^(−1).Even more importantly,newly assembled graphite‖NMC532 cells show excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 80%after 1000 cycles,that is,comparable to the performance of reference full cells comprising pristine commercial graphite.

关键词： anode graphite lithium-ion battery recycling sustainability

Sol-gel derived B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate bioactive glasses with hemostatic,antibacterial and pro-angiogenic activities

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第1期3卷 108-118页

作者： Kai Zheng Faina Bider Mahshid Monavari Zhiyan Xu Christina Janko christoph Alexiou Ana M.Beltran Aldo R.Boccaccini Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine College of StomatologyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Institute of Biomaterials University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck SurgerySection of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine(SEON)Else Kroener-Fresenius-Stiftung ProfessorshipUniversitaetsklinikum Erlangen91058 ErlangenGermany Departamento de Ingenier�ıa y Ciencia de los Materiales y del Transporte Escuela Politecnica

Sol-gel borate bioactive glasses(BGs)are promising ion-releasing biomaterials for wound healing applications.Here,we report the synthesis of a series of binary B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BGs(CaO ranging from 50 to 90mol%)using a sol-gel-based method.The influence of CaO content in B_(2)O_(3)-CaO borate BG on morphology,structure and ion release behavior was investigated in detail.Reduced dissolution(ion release)and crystallization could be observed in borate BGs when CaO content increased,while the morphology was not significantly altered by increasing CaO content.Our results evidenced that the ion release behavior of borate BGs could be tailored by tuning the B_(2)O_(3)/CaO molar ratio.We also evaluated the in vitro cytotoxicity,hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities of borate BGs.Cytocompatibility was validated for all borate BGs.However,borate BGs exhibited composition-dependent hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.Generally,higher contents of Ca in borate BGs facilitated hemostatic activity,while higher contents of B_(2)O_(3) were beneficial for pro-angiogenic activity.The synthesized sol-gel-derived borate BGs are promising materials for developing advanced wound healing dressings,given their fast ion release behavior and favorable hemostatic,antibacterial and angiogenic activities.

关键词： borate glasses sol-gel processing glass composition wound healing