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Nitric Oxide： A Multitasked Signaling Gas in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2015年第4期8卷 506-520页

作者： Patricia Domingos Ana Margarida Prado Aloysius Wong christoph gehring Jose A. Feijo Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia P-2780-156 Oeiras Portugal Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwa123955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of Maryland 0118 BioScience Research Building College Park MD 20742-5815 USA

Nitric oxide （NO） is a gaseous reactive oxygen species （ROS） that has evolved as a signaling hormone in many physiological processes in animals. In plants it has been demonstrated to be a crucial regulator of development, acting as a signaling molecule present at each step of the plant life cycle. NO has also been implicated as a signal in biotic and abiotic responses of plants to the environment. Remarkably, despite this plethora of effects and functional relationships, the fundamental knowledge of NO production, sensing, and transduction in plants remains largely unknown or inadequately characterized. In this review we cover the current understanding of NO production, perception, and action in different physiological sce- narios. We especially address the issues of enzymatic and chemical generation of NO in plants, NO sensing and downstream signaling, namely the putative cGMP and Ca^2＋ pathways, ion-channel activity modulation, gene expression regulation, and the interface with other ROS, which can have a profound effect on both NO accumulation and function. We also focus on the importance of NO in cell-cell communication during developmental processes and sexual reproduction, namely in pollen tube guidance and embryo sac fertilization, pathogen defense, and responses to abiotic stress.

关键词： nitric oxide (NO) reactive oxygen species (ROS) plant sexual reproduction cell communication pollen

Direct Modulation of the Guard Cell Outward- Rectifying Potassium Channel （CORK） by Abscisic Acid

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Molecular Plant 2017年第11期10卷 1469-1472页

作者： Amanda Ooi Fouad Lemtiri-Chfieh Aloysius Wong christoph gehring Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwa123955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Dear Editor,Abscisic acid （ABA） induces turgot loss and hence stomatal closure by promoting rapid net K^＋ efflux from guard cells （GCs） through outward-rectifying K^＋（K^＋out） channels （Schroeder et al., 1987; Blatt, 1990）. The mechanisms of ABA signaling in GCs are detailed elsewhere （see Munemasa et al., 2015; Weiner et al., 2010; Pandey et al., 2007）. Briefly, ABA binds to the PYR/ PYL/RCARs, a family of soluble steroidogenic acute regulatory- related lipid transfer （START） proteins, and, in turn, inactivates the downstream PP2C （type 2C protein phosphatase）, leading to the activation of SnRK2.6 （SNF1 [sucrose non-fermenting-1- related protein kinase]/OST1 [open stomata 1]） protein kinases.

关键词： Direct Modulation of the Guard Cell Outward- Rectifying Potassium Channel (CORK) Abscisic Acid

Dynamic changes in the date palm fruit proteome during development and ripening

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 127-141页

作者： Claudius Marondedze christoph gehring Ludivine Thomas Biological and Environmental Sciences&Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Bioscience and Bioengineering Core Facility King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Date palm(Phoenix dactylifera)is an economically important fruit tree in the Middle East and North Africa and is characterized by large cultivar diversity,making it a good model for studies on fruit development and other important *** in gel comparative proteomics combined with tandem mass spectrometry were used to study date fruit development and *** proteins were extracted using a phenol-based protocol.A total of 189 protein spots were differentially regulated(pf0.05).The identified proteins were classified into 14 functional *** categories with the most proteins were‘disease and defense’(16.5%)and‘metabolism’(15.4%).Twenty-nine proteins have not previously been identified in other fleshy fruits and 64 showed contrasting expression patterns in other *** of most proteins with a role in abiotic stress responses increased during ripening with the exception of heat shock *** with a role in anthocyanin biosynthesis,glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid cycle and cell wall degradation were upregulated particularly from the onset of ripening and during *** contrast,expression of pentose phosphate-and photosynthesis-related proteins decreased during fruit *** date palm is considered a climacteric species,the analysis revealed downregulation of two enzymes involved in ethylene biosynthesis,suggesting an ethylene-independent ripening of‘Barhi’*** summary,this proteomics study provides insights into physiological processes during date fruit development and ripening at the systems level and offers a reference proteome for the study of regulatory mechanisms that can inform molecular and biotechnological approaches to further improvements of horticultural traits including fruit quality and yield.

关键词： Phoenix Dynamic metabolism

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直徑1毫米以下的小孔珩磨工具

工具技术 1966年第6期16卷 36-37页

作者： christoph W. gehring 安

介绍了一种精加工直径1毫米以下的小孔珩磨工具的结构、使用方法和应用范围等。——编者获得专利权的这种小孔沂磨工具,可用来精加工直诬1毫米以下的小孔,特别是啃嘴上的孔。

关键词：磨头心杆轴向往复运动