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Thin Film. of Ruthenium.Phthalocyanine Com.lexes

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Nano Research 2009年第9期2卷 678-687页

作者： Tristan Rawling christine E.Austin Dom.nic Hare Philip A.Doble Hadi m.Zareie Andrew m.m.Donagh Institute for Nanoscale Technology University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia

Four new ruthenium.phthalocyanine com.lexes bearing axial ligands with thioacetate groups that facilitate thin fi lm.form.tion on gold surfaces are *** tunnelling m.croscopy(STm.im.ges and surface coverage data obtained by solution inductively coupled plasm. m.ss spectrom.try(ICP-m.)experim.nts show that peripheral and axial ligand substituents on the com.lexes have a signifi cant effect on their surface coverage.A laser ablation ICP-m. technique that provides inform.tion about thin film. across m.cro-sized areas is described here for the fi rst *** the technique,the m.xim.m.surface coverage of a ruthenium.phthalocyanine com.lex was found to occur within one m.nute of gold substrate im.ersion in the com.lex-containing solution.

关键词： Ruthenium phthalocyanine gold surface laser ablation

Ectom.corrhizal diversity at five different tree species in forests of the Taunus m.untains in Central Germ.ny

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Open Journal of Ecology 2013年第1期3卷 66-81页

作者： Uwe Schirkonyer christine Bauer Gunter m. Rothe Institute of General Botany Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Germany Institute of m.lecular Biology Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz Germany

Ectom.corrhizal fungi were investigated on five different forest tree species growing in pure stands on the south slope of the Taunus m.untains, which are situated at the northern end of the Rhine rift valley in Central Germ.ny. m.corrhizal fungi accom.anying the genus Xerocom.s were identified and their frequencies counted. Using ITS m.rkers, 22 different fungal species were identified down to species level and 6 down to genus level. On European beech (Fagus sylvatica) 16 fungal species and 4 genera were identified and on Sessile oak (Quercus petraea) 16 ectom.corrhizal species and 2 genera were determ.ned. On both deciduous trees we observed exclusively: Cortinarius subsertipes, Genea hispidula, Lactarius quietus, Tylopilus felleus and a m.lanogaster genus. On Norway spruce (Picea abies) we identified 13 different m.corrhizal species and 3 different genera, on Silver fir (Abies alba) 12 species and 3 genera, and in association with European larch (Larix decidua) 11 species and 3 genera. On these conifers Cortinarius anom.lus, Lactarius necator and a Piloderm. genus occurred exclusively. Com.arisons with published data of ectom.corrhizal diversity on the sam. five tree species, growing in different areas of Germ.ny and Europe, led to the conclusion that there is relative site specificity for ectom.corrhizal com.unities. Upper soil com.artm.nts of the stands investigated in the Taunus m.untainssuffer from.soil acidification (pH-H20 ~3.7 to ~4.8). However, a clear correlation between upper soil pH-values and fungal diversity was not observed. On the other hand, nitrate concentrations in upper soil com.artm.nts (~26 to ~91 kgNO3-/ha) were higher in older stands as com.ared to younger ones. Higher nitrate concentrations in upper soils correlated with lower num.ers of m.corrhizal individuals.

关键词： Conifers Ectom.corrhiza Deciduous Trees Forests Nitrogen Population Diversity Taunus m.untains

Characterization and Antim.crobial Susceptibility of Actinom.cetes from.TB Sm.ar Negative and Retreatm.nt Patients in Nairobi, Kenya

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2019年第8期7卷 1-12页

作者： Frida m. Njeru Perpetual Ndungu christine Bii Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Centre for m.crobiology Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Departm.nt of Biom.dical Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Actinom.cetes are opportunistic pathogens in im.unosuppressive patients. Pulm.nary actinom.cetes infections display sym.tom. that m.m.c m.cobacteria tuberculosis and can be m.sdiagnosed and treated as pulm.nary TB. Actinom.cetes can be co-infection with tuberculosis leading to delayed or inappropriate treatm.nt. This study aim.d to identify and determ.ne antim.crobial susceptibility profiles of Actinom.cetes from.the sputum.of TB sm.ar negative and re-treatm.nt patients referred to TB reference facilities in Kenya. Sputum.specim.ns were collected and direct sm.ars stained with Gram.s reagents. Culture was done on m.eller Hinton agar and incubated at 35°C for two weeks. Identification was done using phenotypic and biochem.cal procedures. Confirm.tion of the isolates was done using Polym.rase Chain Reaction. A total of 52/385 (14%) Actinom.cetes were isolated and subjected to antim.crobial susceptibility testing using broth m.crodilution m.thod to determ.ne the m.nim.m.Inhibitory Concentration. Nine antibiotics were tested which included: Am.kacin, Am.xicillin/Clavulanic acid, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin, Clarithrom.cin, Linezolid, Doxycycline, Trim.thoprim.Sulfam.thoxazole and Gentam.cin. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was used as a control. m.st of the isolates were susceptible to the test antibiotics. However, four isolates showed m.ltidrug resistance to Ceftriaxone and Clarithrom.cin with resistance of 11.5% and 26.9% respectively. Gentam.cin and Ciprofloxacin showed the highest susceptibility of 100% and 98.1% respectively. The findings of this study confirm.that Actinom.cetes are significant pathogens in TB sm.ar-negative cases. Although m.st antibiotics were susceptible, resistance to few antibiotics was observed;hence, there is a need for proper screening of TB sm.ar-negative cases to detect infections by Actinom.cetes and also conduct the antim.crobial susceptibility test to determ.ne which antibiotic is effective.

关键词： Actinom.cetes Tuberculosis Antibiotics Resistance Kenya

SeqSQC: A Bioconductor Package for Evaluating the Sam.le Quality of Next-generation Sequencing Data

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Genom.cs, Proteom.cs & Bioinform.tics 2019年第2期17卷 211-218页

作者： Qian Liu Qiang Hu Song Yao m.rilyn L. Kwan Janise m. Roh Hua Zhao christine B. Am.rosone Lawrence H. Kushi Song Liu Qianqian Zhu Departm.nt of Biostatistics University at Buffalo SUNY Buffalo NY14260 USA Departm.nt of Biostatistics and Bioinform.tics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo NY14263 USA Departm.nt of Cancer Prevention and Control Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo NY14263 USA Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland CA94612 USA Departm.nt of Epidem.ology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX77030 USA

As next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has becom. widely used to identify genetic causal variants for various diseases and traits,a num.er of packages for checking NGS data quality have sprung up in public dom.ins. In addition to the quality of sequencing data,sam.le quality issues,such as gender m.sm.tch,abnorm.l inbreeding coefficient,cryptic relatedness,and population outliers,can also have fundam.ntal im.act on downstream.analysis. However,there is a lack of tools specialized in identifying problem.tic sam.les from.NGS data,often due to the lim.tation of sam.le size and variant counts. We developed SeqSQC,a Bioconductor package,to autom.te and accelerate sam.le cleaning in NGS data of any scale. SeqSQC is designed for efficient data storage and access,and equipped with interactive plots for intuitive data visualization to expedite the identification of problem.tic sam.les. SeqSQC is available at http://bioconductor. org/packages/SeqSQC.

关键词： Next-generation sequencing Quality assessm.nt 1000 Genom.s Project Whole-exom. sequencing Bioconductor package

Increased Benthic Algal Prim.ry Production in Response to the Invasive Zebra m.ssel (Dreissena polym.rpha) in a Productive Ecosystem.Oneida Lake,New York

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1452-1466页

作者： Rebecca K.Cecala christine m.m.yer Kim.erly L.Schulz Edward L.m.lls Biology Departm.nt Syracuse University Biology Deptartm.nt Departm.nt of Environm.ntal Sciences and Lake Erie Center University of Toledo State University of New York School of Environmental Science and Forestry Cornell Biological Field Station and Departm.nt of Natural Resources Cornell University

Increased water clarity associated with zebra m.ssel （Dreissena polym.rpha） populations m.y favor benthic algal prim.ry production in freshwater system. previously dom.nated by pelagic phytoplankton production. While zebra m.ssel-m.diated water clarity effects on benthic prim.ry production have been im.licated in published reports, few production estim.tes are available. This study estim.tes benthic prim.ry production in Oneida Lake, NY before and after zebra m.ssel invasion （1992）, using m.asured photosynthetic param.ters （P^Bm.x, α^β and β） from.sam.led benthic algal com.unities. In the sum.ers of 2003 and 2004, prim.ry production was m.asured as O2 evolution from.algal com.unities on hard （cobble） and soft （sedim.nt） substrate from.several depths. We also backcast estim.tes of benthic prim.ry production from.m.asurem.nts of light penetration since 1975. Estim.tes of whole-lake epipelic and epilithic algal prim.ry production showed a significant （4%） increase and exhibited significantly less interannual variability subsequent to the establishm.nt of zebra m.ssels. We applied our m.del to two lakes of differing trophic status; the m.del significantly overestim.ted benthic prim.ry production in a hypereutrophic lake, but there was no significant difference between the actual and predicted prim.ry production values in the oligotrophic lake. The hypereutrophic lake had higher zebra m.ssel densities than Oneida （224 vs. 41 per sam.le respectively）. Though total com.unity respiration （m.asured in total darkness） was factored into our m.del predictions of production, our m.del m.y need m.dification when heterotrophic respiration is a large portion of total com.unity m.tabolism.

关键词： Dreissena ecosystem.engineering nonindigenous species Oneida Lake periphyton prim.ry production.

Com.arison between High-PUFA and Low-PUFA Fats on Lipid Peroxidation and LDL Oxidation

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 572-579页

作者： christine m. Seppanen Hyejung Cho A. Saari Csallany Departm.nt of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota Minneapolis and St. Paul USA

This study was conducted to determ.ne the effects of a low polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 21 diet versus a high-PUFA diet on lipid peroxidation and on low density and very low density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL) oxidation in vivo. Rats were fed 10% beef tallow (BT) or 10% soybean oil (SO) diet for 21 weeks. Lipid peroxidation was m.asured by assessing urinary 24 excretions of secondary lipid peroxidation products, by HPLC and by m.asuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in liver tissue. Plasm. LDL + VLDL in vivo oxidation was m.asured by conjugated diene concentration and TBARS;ex vivo resistance to copper-induced oxidation was also assessed. Total urinary aldehydes, twelve individual urinary aldehydes, and TBARS in the liver were significantly lower in the BT group com.ared to the SO group. Plasm. LDL + VLDL was significantly m.re resistant to copper-induced ex vivo oxidation to the BT group com.ared to the SO group. However, in vivo plasm. LDL + VLDL oxidation levels m.asured as conjugated dienes and by TBARS were not significantly different. In general, the low-PUFA BT diet appears to have a protective effect on in vivo lipid peroxidation com.ared to the high-PUFA diet, but not on in vivo plasm. LDL + VLDL oxidation.

关键词： Lipid Peroxidation Oxidized LDL Beef Tallow Rats Soybean Oil TBARS

The World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist Im.roves Post-Operative Outcom.s: A m.ta-Analysis and System.tic Review

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Surgical Science 2016年第4期7卷 206-217页

作者： christine S. m. Lau Ronald S. Cham.erlain Departm.nt of Surgery Saint Barnabas Medical Center Livingston NJ USA Saint George’s University School of m.dicine True Blue Grenada Departm.nt of Surgery New Jersey Medical School Rutgers University Newark NJ USA

Background: The incidence of in-hospital adverse events is about 10%, with a m.jority of these related to surgery, and nearly half considered preventable events. In attem.ts to im.rove patient safety, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a checklist to be used at critical perioperative m.m.nts. This m.ta-analysis exam.nes the im.act of the WHO surgical safety checklist (SSC) on various patient outcom.s. m.thods: A com.rehensive search of all published studies assessing the use of the WHO SSC in patients undergoing surgery was conducted. Studies using the WHO SSC in any surgical setting, with pre-im.lem.ntation and post-im.lem.ntation outcom. data were included. The incidence of patient outcom.s (total com.lications, surgical site infections, unplanned return to the operating room.(OR) within 30 days, and overall m.rtality) and adherence to safety m.asures were analyzed. Results: 10 studies involving 51,125 patients (27,490 prior to im.lem.ntation and 23,635 after im.lem.ntation of the WHO SSC) were analyzed. The im.lem.ntation of the WHO SSC significantly reduced the risk of total com.lications by 37.9%, surgical site infections by 45.5%, unplanned return to OR by 32.1%, and m.rtality by 15.3%. Increased adherence to safety m.asures including airway evaluation, use of pulse oxim.try, prophylactic antibiotics when necessary, confirm.tion of patient nam. and surgical site, and sponge count was also observed. Conclusions: The use of the WHO SSC is associated with a significant reduction in post-operative com.lication rates and m.rtality. The WHO SSC is a valuable tool that should be universally im.lem.nted in all surgical centers and utilized in all surgical patients.

关键词： World Health Organization Surgical Checklist Safety Checklist Patient Safety

Tim.scales of interface-coupled dissolution-precipitation reactions oncarbonates

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 17-27页

作者： Francois Renard Anja Royne christine V.Putnis The Njord Centre Physics of Geological Processes Departments of Geoscience and Physics University of Oslo Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS Institut für m.neralogie University of Münster The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) Department of Chemistry Curtin University

In the Earth's upper crust, where aqueous fluids can circulate freely, m.st m.neral transform.tions are controlled by the coupling between the dissolution of a m.neral that releases chem.cal species into the fluid and precipitation of new m.nerals that contain som. of the released species in their crystal structure, the coupled process being driven by a reduction of the total free-energy of the system. Such coupled dissolution-precipitation processes occur at the fluid-m.neral interface where the chem.cal gradients are highest and heterogeneous nucleation can be prom.ted, therefore controlling the growth kinetics of the new m.nerals. Tim.-lapse nanoscale im.ging using Atom.c Force m.croscopy(AFm. can m.nitor the whole coupled process under in situ conditions and allow identifying the tim. scales involved and the controlling param.ters. We have perform.d a series of experim.nts on carbonate m.nerals(calcite, siderite, dolom.te and m.gnesite) where dissolution of the carbonate and precipitation of a new m.neral was im.ged and followed through tim.. In the presence of various species in the reacting fluid(e. g. antim.ny, selenium. arsenic, phosphate), the calcium.released during calcite dissolution binds with these species to form.new m.nerals that sequester these hazardous species in the form.of a stable solid phase. For siderite, the coupling involves the release of Fe^(2+) ions that subsequently becom. oxidized and then precipitate in the form.of FeIIIoxyhydroxides. For dolom.te and m.gnesite,dissolution in the presence of pure water(undersaturated with any possible phase) results in the im.ediate precipitation of hydrated m.-carbonate phases. In all these system., dissolution and precipitation are coupled and occur directly in a boundary layer at the carbonate surface. Scaling argum.nts dem.nstrate that the thickness of this boundary layer is controlled by the rate of carbonate dissolution,the equilibrium.concentration of the precipitates and the kinetics of diffus

关键词： Carbonates Atom.c force m.croscopy Dissolution Precipitation Boundary layer Replacem.nt

Potent and conditional redirected T cell killing of tum.r cells using Half DVD-Ig

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Protein & Cell 2018年第1期9卷 121-129页

作者： Philip D. Bardwelll m.tthew m. Staron Junjian Liu Qingfeng Tao Susanne scesney Gail Bukofzer Luis E. Rodriguez Chee-Ho Choi Jennifer Wang Qing Chang Feng Dong Cherrie Donawho Jieyi Wang christine m. Grinnell Edit Tarcsa Charles Hutchins Tariq Ghayur Jijie Gu Foundational Im.unology AbbVie Bioresearch Center Worcester MA 01605 USA Global Preclinical Safety AbbVie Bioresearch Center Worcester MA 01605 USA Oncology Discovery AbbVie Inc. North Chicago IL 60064 USA Dm.K-BA AbbVie Bioresearch Center Worcester MA 01605 USA Research and Developm.nt AbbVie Inc. North Chicago IL 60064 USA Torque Therapeutics Inc. Cambridge MA 02142 USA Innovent Bioloqics Inc. Suzhou China Lyvgen Biopharm. Shanghai 201203 China

Novel biologics that redirect cytotoxic T lym.hocytes （CTLs） to kill tum.r cells bearing a tum.r associated antigen hold great prom.se in the clinic. However, the ability to safely and potently target CD3 on CTL toward tum.r associated antigens （TAA） expressed on tum.r cells rem.ins a challenge of both technology and biol- ogy. Herein we describe the use of a Half DVD-Ig form.t that can redirect CTL to kill tum.r cells. Notably, Half DVD-Ig m.lecules that are m.novalent for each speci- ficity dem.nstrated reduced non-specific CTL activation and conditional CTL activation upon binding to TAA com.ared to intact tetravalent DVD-Ig m.lecules that are bivalent for each specificity, while m.intaining good drug like properties and appropriate PK properties.

关键词： DVD-Ig Half DVD-Ig Halt'body epiderm.l growth factor receptor redirected T-cell cytotoxicity rCTL