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TUNED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ACHIEVED BY VARYING POLYMER STRUCTURE-KNOWLEDGE THAT GENERATES NEW MATERIALS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第2期25卷 113-118页

作者： Anna Finne Wistrand Ann-christine Albertsson Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden

By changing both the monomer composition and the polymer structure, we have varied the mechanical properties of resorbable polymers. The polymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization using L-lactide （LLA）, ε-caprolactone （εCL）, trimethylene carbonate （TMC） and 1,5-dioxepan-2-one （DXO） as monomers. Well-defined triblock copolymers, microblock copolymers and networks have been evaluated, and comparisons between them show that it is possible to tune the mechanical properties. Triblock copolymers with an amorphous middle block of poly（1,5-dioxepan-2- one）（PDXO） and semi-crystalline end-blocks of poly（ε-caprolactone）（PCL） were stronger and had a higher strain at break than triblock copolymers with poly（L-lactide）（PLLA） as end-blocks. Polymers with both DXO and TMC in the amorphous middle-block and PLLA as end-blocks showed a lower stress at break, but the material gained elasticity, a property which is very valuable in tissue engineering. Mechanical properties of networks, synthesized by a novel method, containing PDXO and PCL are also presented. Although it is difficult to compare them with the uncross-linked polymers, this is an additional way to modify and widen the properties.

关键词： Degradable polymer Tuneable mechanical properties Molecular architecture Block copolymers Networks.

Link prediction in complex networks via modularity-based belief propagation

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第3期26卷 604-614页

作者：赖大荣舒欣 christine Nardini School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration of Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China CNR-IAC 'Mauro Picone' Via dei Taurini 19 00185 Roma Italy Personalgenomics Via delle Grazie Verona Italy

Link prediction aims at detecting missing, spurious or evolving links in a network, based on the topological information and/or nodes＇ attributes of the network. Under the assumption that the likelihood of the existence of a link between two nodes can be captured by nodes＇ similarity, several methods have been proposed to compute similarity directly or indirectly, with information on node degree. However, correctly predicting links is also crucial in revealing the link formation mechanisms and thus in providing more accurate modeling for networks. We here propose a novel method to predict links by incorporating stochastic-block-model link generating mechanisms with node degree. The proposed method first recov- ers the underlying block structure of a network by modularity-based belief propagation, and based on the recovered block structural information it models the link likelihood between two nodes to match the degree sequence of the network. Experiments on a set of real-world networks and synthetic networks generated by stochastic block model show that our proposed method is effective in detecting missing, spurious or evolving links of networks that can be well modeled by a stochastic block model. This approach efficiently complements the toolbox for complex network analysis, offering a novel tool to model links in stochastic block model networks that are fundamental in the modeling of real world complex networks.

关键词： link prediction complex network belief propagation modularity

Role of Mdm2 and Mdmx in DNA repair

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第1期9卷 69-73页

作者： christine M. Eischen Department of Cancer Biology Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA 19107 USA

Mdm2 and Mdmx are critical regulators of the p53 tumour suppressor and are overexpressed in many human malignancies. However, in recent years, their impact on genome instability was shown to be at least, in part, independent of p53. Both Mdm2 and Mdmx inhibit DNA break repair through their association with the Mrell/RadSO/Nbs1 DNA repair complex. Recent evidence indicates that harnessing Mdm2 and/or Mdmx-mediated inhibition of DNA break repair in cancer cells could provide a therapeutic opportunity, particularly for those malignancies that have lost functional p53.

关键词： Mdm2 Mdmx Nbsl DNA repair

Valuable Beyond Vulnerable: A Scoping Review on the Contributions of Older Forced Migrants in Post-migration Recovery

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 186-197页

作者： Prince Chiagozie Ekoh christine A.Walsh Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Social Work University of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria

During times of crisis, including pandemics, climate change, and forced migration, much of the discourse in ageing research and intervention centers on the vulnerabilities of older adults. Unfortunately, the valuable contributions of older adults to post-disaster recovery and healing are often overlooked and undervalued. Our aim in this scoping review is to shed light on the critical contributions of older forced migrants to post-migration recovery. We set the scene by introducing the two significant global demographic changes of the twenty-first century: forced migration and ageing. We provide a discourse on older forced migrants, ageing in situations of forced migration, and some of the challenges faced by older forced migrants. We then present some of the substantial roles of older forced migrants in post-migration recovery, including building resilience, contributing to culture and language transfer, providing emotional support, offering mentorship and leadership, participating in community building, and fostering social integration. We close by highlighting some of the lessons that can be drawn from understanding the unique roles played by older adults in post-forced migration recovery and the key actions necessary to promote these roles.

关键词： Older displaced persons Older forced migrants Older refugees Post-forced migration recovery

Nanostructured gold films exhibiting almost complete absorption of light at visible wavelengths

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 247-251页

作者： Hanbin zheng christine Picard Serge Ravaine CNRS CRPP UMR 5031 Universite de Bordeaux F-33600 Pessac France

Nanostructured known to exhibit properties metal surfaces have been that deviate from that of the bulk material. By simply modifying the texture of a metal surface, various unique optical properties can be observed. In this paper, we present a simple two step electrochemical process combining electrodeposition and anodization to generate black gold surfaces. This process is simple, versatile and up-scalable for the production of large surfaces. The black gold films have remarkable optical behavior as they absorb more than 93% of incident light over the entire visible spectrum and also exhibit no specular reflectance. A careful analysis by scanning electron microscopy reveals that these unique optical properties are due to their randomly rough surface, as they consist in a forest of dendritic microstructures with a nanoscale roughness. This new type of black films can be fabricated to a large variety of substrates, turning them to super absorbers with potential applications in photovoltaic solar cells or highly sensitive detectors and so on.

关键词： nanostructuration light absorption coating gold electrodeposifion anodization

Risk stratification for malignant progression in Barrett's esophagus: Gender, age, duration and year of surveillance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10592-10600页

作者： Piers Gatenby Santanu Bhattacharjee christine Wall christine Caygill Anthony Watson United Kingdom Barrett’s Oesophagus Registry UCL Regional Oesophagogastric Unit Royal Surrey County Hospital Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Surrey Division of Surgery and Interventional Science UCL Royal Free Campus

AIM To clarify risk based upon segment length, diagnostic histological findings, patient age and year of surveillance, duration of surveillance and *** Patients registered with the United Kingdom Barrett's Oesophagus Registry from 9 United Kingdom centers were included. The outcome measures were(1) development of all grades of dysplasia;(2) development of high-grade of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma; and(3) development of adenocarcinoma. Prevalent cases and subjects with < 1 year of follow-up were excluded. The covariates examined were segment length, previous biopsy findings, age at surveillance, duration of surveillance, year of surveillance and *** One thousand and one hundred thirty six patients were included(total 6474 patient-years). Fifty-four patients developed adenocarcinoma(0.83% per annum), 70 developed high-grade dysplasia/adenocarcinoma(1.1% per annum) and 190 developed any grade of dysplasia(3.5% per annum). High grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma increased with age and duration of surveillance. The risk of low-grade dysplasia development was not dependent on age at surveillance. Segment length and previous biopsy findings were also significant factors for development of dysplasia and *** The risk of development of low-grade dysplasia is independent of age at surveillance, but high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma were more commonly found at older age. Segment length and previous biopsy findings are also markers of risk. This study did not demonstrate stabilisation of the metaplastic segment with prolonged surveillance.

关键词： Dysplasia Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal neoplasms Public health Epidemiology Surveillance

Improvement of the Corrosion Resistance of High Alloyed Austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo Stainless Steels by Solution Nitriding

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 316-321页

作者： christine Eckstein Heinz- Joachim Spies Jochen Albrecht Dept. of Materials Eng. Technische Universitat Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg/GermanyDept. of Materials Eng. Technische Universitat Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg/GermanyInstitut Fresenius GmbH Solid State Analytic Zur Wetterwarte 10Haus 107 01109 Dresden Germany

Characteristic features of austenitic steel grades combine a good corrosion resistance with a low hardness, wear resistance and scratch resistance. An interesting possibility for improving the wear behaviour of these steels without loss of their corrosion resistance lies in enriching the near surface region with nitrogen. The process of a solution nitriding allows the rise of the solution of nitrogen in the solid phase. On this state nitrogen increases the corrosion resistance and the tribilogical load-bearing capacity. The aim of the study was, to investigate the improvement of the pitting corrosion behaviour by solution nitriding. A special topic was to observe the effect of nitrogen by different molybdenum content. So austenitic stainless steels (18% Cr, 12% Ni, Mo gradation between 0.06 to 3.6%) had been solution nitrided. The samples could be prepared with various surface content of nitrogen from 0.04 to 0.45% with a step-by-step grinding. The susceptibility against pitting corrosion of these samples had been tested by determination of the stable pitting potential in 0.5M and 1M NaCl at 25°C. For the investigated steel composition and the used corrosion system there is no influence of molybdenum on the effectiveness of nitrogen. The influence of nitrogen to all of the determined parameters can be described well by PRE = Cr + 3,3 * Mo + 25 *N. XPS analysis of the sample surfaces support the results of the pitting corrosion *** surface investigations with an acid elektolyte (0,1M HC1 + 0,4M NaCl) were performed. In this case the passivation effective nitrogen content increases markedly with rising molybdenum concentration of the steel. Obviously an interaction of Mo and N is connected with a strongly acid electrolyte.

关键词：耐蚀性奥氏体不锈钢 Cr-Ni-Mo 渗氮 PRE 稳定点蚀电位

Early pregnancy in the horse revisited–does exception prove the rule?

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第2期7卷 117-124页

作者： christine Aurich Sven Budik Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer Vetmeduni ViennaVeterinarplatz 11210 ViennaAustria

Early equine pregnancy shares many features with that of more intensively assessed domestic animals species, but there are also characteristic differences. Some of those are poorly understood. Descent of the equine conceptus into the uterine lumen occurs at day 5 to 6 after ovulation but is only possible when the embryo secretes prostaglandin E2. Although maintenance of equine pregnancy probably involves secretion of a conceptus derived anti-luteolytic factor, this agent has not been identified. Rapid growth, conceptus mobility and presence of an acellular capsule at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy, i.e. between days 12 and 14, are prerequisites to avoid pregnancy loss. Progesterone together with 5α-pregnanes is secreted by the corpus luteum and induces the production of endometrial histotroph which is responsible for conceptus nutrition until placention. A stable contact between the outer trophoblast layer of the allantochorion and the luminal epithelium of the endometrium is not established before days 40 to 42 of pregnancy.

关键词： Conceptus Horse Maternal recognition Pregnancy

CBE Clima Tool:A free and open-source web application for climate analysis tailored to sustainable building design

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 493-508页

作者： Giovanni Betti Federico Tartarini christine Nguyen Stefano Schiavon Center for the Built Environment University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyUSA Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore SingaporeSingapore Heat and Health Research Incubator Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneyCamperdownAustralia College of Letters and Sciences University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyUSA

Climate-responsive building design holds immense potential for enhancing comfort,energy efficiency,and environmental ***,many social,cultural,and economic obstacles might prevent the wide adoption of designing climate-adapted *** of these obstacles can be removed by enabling practitioners to easily access,visualize and analyze local climate *** CBE Clima Tool(Clima)is a free and open-source web application that offers easy access to publicly available weather files and has been created for building energy simulation and *** provides a series of interactive visualizations of the variables contained in the EnergyPlus Weather Files and several derived ones like the UTCI or the adaptive comfort *** is aimed at students,educators,and practitioners in the architecture and engineering *** its inception,Clima’s user base has exhibited robust growth,attracting over 25,000 unique users annually from across 70 *** tool is poised to revolutionize climate-adaptive building design,transcending geographical boundaries and fostering innovation in the architecture and engineering fields.

关键词： architectural design climate analysis sustainable building design web application building energy simulation open-source software