检索结果-南通市图书馆

Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase extraction with large-volume injection/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

引用

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 417-425页

作者： Yongtao lI christina l.MCCARTY Ed J.GEORGE Drinking Water Quality laboratory Underwriters Laboratories Inc.South BendIN 46617USA Chemical Analysis Bruker DaltonicsFremontCA 94538USA

A rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective analyticalmethod was developed for the analysis of selected semivolatileorganic compounds in *** method used anautomated online solid-phase extraction technique coupledwith programmed-temperature vaporization large-volumeinjection gas chromatography/mass *** samples were extracted by using a fully automatedmobile rack system based on x-y-z robotic techniquesusing syringes and disposable 96-well extraction *** method was validated for the analysis of 30 semivolatileanalytes in drinking water,groundwater,andsurface *** a sample volume of 10 ml,the linearcalibrations ranged from 0.01 or 0.05 to 2.5μg·l^(-1),and themethod detection limits were less than 0.1μg·l^(-1).For thereagent water samples fortified at 1.0μg·l^(-1)and2.0μg·l^(-1),the obtained mean absolute recoveries were70%-130%with relative standard deviations of less than20%for most *** the drinking water,groundwater,and surface water samples fortified at 1.0μg·l^(-1),theobtained mean absolute recoveries were 50%-130%withrelative standard deviations of less than 20%for *** new method demonstrated three advantages:1)no manipulation except the fortification of surrogatestandards prior to extraction;2)significant cost reductionassociated with sample collection,shipping,storage,andpreparation;and 3)reduced exposure to hazardous solventsand other *** a result,this new automatedmethod can be used as an effective approach for screeningand/or compliance monitoring of selected semi-volatileorganic compounds in water.

关键词： automated solid-phase extraction programmed-temperature vaporization large-volume injection gas chromatography/mass spectrometry semi-volatile organic compounds water analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Tolerance to individual and joint effects of arsenic and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp, israelensis or lysinibacillus sphaericus in Culex mosquitoes

引用

Insect Science 2014年第4期21卷 477-485页

作者： christina l. Mogren William E. Walton John T. Trumble Department of Entomology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Arsenic contamination of global water supplies has come to the forefront in policy decisions in recent decades. However, the effects of arsenic on lower trophic levels of insects inhabiting contaminated ecosystems are not well understood. One approach to document both acute and sublethal effects of toxicants like arsenic is to assay them in combination with microbial pathogens to evaluate shifts in survival curves of the test organisms. larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tarsalis were reared in water containing 0 or 1 000μg/l of arsenate or arsenite. Fourth instars were then exposed to a range of doses of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp, israelensis （Bti） or lysinibacillus sphaericus （ls）, with shifts in lethal concentrations determined. Arsenic accumulation in 4th instars was also quantified, and a relative growth index （RGI） calculated for the treatments and compared to controls. larvae of both species accumulated between 4 447 ± 169 ng As/g and 6 983 4- 367 ng As/g, though RGI values indicated accumulation did not affect growth and development. In all cases, the lC50＇s and lC90＇s of Cx. quinquefasciatus exposed jointly with arsenic and Bti/ls were higher than Cx. tarsafis. Cx. tarsafis reared in arsenite showed a significant reduction in their Bti lC90 values compared to the control, indicating a sublethal effect of Bti. When exposed jointly with ls, arsenite was more toxic than arsenate in Cx. tarsalis. Overall, these results indicate tolerance of these Culex species to arsenic exposures, and why this may occur is discussed.

关键词： arsenate arsenite Bsph Bti Culex tarsalis Culex quinquefasciatus

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Praziquantel decreases fecundity in Schistosoma mansoni adult worms that survive treatment:evidence from a laboratory life-history trade-offs selection study

引用

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 988-998页

作者： Poppy H.l.lamberton christina l.Faust Joanne P.Webster Institute for Biodiversity Animal Healthand Comparative Medicine&Wellcome Centre for Molecular ParasitologyCollege of MedicalVeterinary&Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowG128QQGlasgowUK london Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonSt Mary’s CampusW21PGLondonUK Centre for Endemic Emerging and Exotic DiseasesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeUniversity of LondonLondon AL97TAUK

Background:Mass drug administration of praziquantel is the World Health Organization’s endorsed control strategy for schistosomiasis.A decade of annual treatments across sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in significant reductions of infection prevalence and intensity levels,although‘hotspots’*** drug treatments place strong selective pressures on parasites,which may affect life-history traits that impact transmission *** drug treatment responses and the evolution of such traits can help inform on how to minimise the risk of drug resistance developing,maximise sustainable control programme success,and improve diagnostic ***:We performed a four-generation Schistosoma mansoni praziquantel selection experiment in mice and *** used three *** lines:a praziquantel-resistant isolate(R),a praziquantel-susceptible isolate(S),and a coinfected line(RS),under three treatment regimens:untreated,25 mg/kg praziquantel,or 50 mg/kg *** traits,including parasite adult-worm establishment,survival,reproduction(fecundity),and associated morbidity,were recorded in mice across all four *** variables were tested in a series of generalized linear mixed effects models to determine which factors had a significant influence on parasite life-history traits in definitive hosts under different selection ***:Praziquantel pressure significantly reduced adult-worm burdens across all generations and isolates,including within ***,previous drug treatment resulted in an increase in adult-worm establishment with increasing generation from P1 to *** highest worm numbers were in the co-infected RS *** treatment decreased adult-worm burden,but had a larger negative impact on the mean daily number of miracidia,a proxy for fecundity,across all three parasite ***:Our predicted cost of resistance was not supported by the traits we measured within the murine host.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Biomphalaria Mouse Praziquantel Resistance Establishment Survival Fecundity Trade-offs

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Context-dependent integrated stress resistance promotes a global invasive pest

引用

Insect Science 2022年第6期29卷 1790-1804页

作者： Vimbai l.Tarusikirwa ross N.Cuthbert Reyard Mutamiswa Casper Nyamukondiwa Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPalapyeBotswana GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Ozeanforschung Kiel KielGermany School of Biological Sciences Queen's University BelfastNorth ern IrelandUnited Kingdom Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Tugwi-Mukosi Multidisciplinary Research Institute Midlands State UniversityGweruZimbabwe Department of Zoology and Entomology.Rhodes University MakhandaSouth Africa

In nature,insects concurrently face multiple environmental stressors,a sce-nario likely increasing with climate *** stress resistance(ISR)thus often improves fitness and could drive invasiveness,but how physiological mechanisms influ-ence invasion has lacked ***,we investigated cross-tolerance to abiotic stress factors which may influence range limits in the South American tomato pinworm a global invader that is an ecologically and socially damaging crop ***,we tested the effects of prior rapid cold-and heat-hardening(RCH and RHH),fasting,and desiccation on cold and heat tolerance traits,as well as starvation and desiccation sur-vivability between *** life *** effects on critical thermal minima(CT_(min))and maxima(CT_(max))were inconsistent,showing significantly deleterious effects of RCH on adult CT_(max) and CT_(min) and,conversely,beneficial acclimation effects of RCH on larval CT_(min).While no beneficial effects of desiccation acclimation were recorded for desiccation tolerance,fasted individuals had significantly higher survival in adults,whereas fasting negatively affected larval ***,fasted and desiccation acclimated adults had significantly higher starvation tolerance,showing strong evidence for *** results show context-dependent ISR traits that may promote *** fitness and *** the frequent overlapping occurrence of these divergent stressors,ISR reported here may thus partly elucidate the observed rapid global spread of *** into more stressful environments than *** information is vital in determining the underpinnings of multistressor responses,which are fundamental in forecasting species responses to changing environments and management responses.

关键词： acclimation cross-talk cross-tolerance invasive species thermal tolerance tomato leaf miner

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Aortic valve replacement reduces mortality in moderate aortic stenosis:a systematic review and meta-analysis

引用

Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第1期20卷 61-67页

作者： Kyle B Franke Dimple Bhatia ross l Roberts-Thomson Peter J Psaltis Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia Department of Cardiology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

BACKGROUND With the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and an evolving understanding of the natural progression and history of aortic stenosis,the potential for earlier intervention in appropriate patients is promising;however,the benefit of aortic valve replacement in moderate aortic stenosis remains *** Pubmed,Embase,and the Cochrane library databases were searched up until 30th of December 2021 using keywords including moderate aortic stenosis and aortic valve *** reporting all-cause mortality and outcomes in early aortic valve replacement(AVR)compared to conservative management in patients with moderate aortic stenosis were *** ratios were generated using random-effects meta-analysis to determine effect *** 3470 publications were screened with title and abstract review,which left 169 articles for full-text *** these studies,7 met inclusion criteria and were included,totalling 4,827 *** studies treated AVR as a time-dependent co-variable in cox-regression multivariate analysis of all-cause *** with surgical or transcatheter AVR was associated with a 45% decreased risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.55[0.42-0.68],I2=51.5%,Pll studies were representative of the overall cohort with appropriate sample sizes,with no evidence of publication,detection,or information biases in any of the *** In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we report a 45% reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with moderate aortic stenosis who were treated with early aortic valve replacement compared to a strategy of conservative *** control trials are awaited to determine the utility of AVR in moderate aortic stenosis.

关键词： aortic stenosis analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nutritional epidemiology methods and related statistical challenges and opportunities

引用

Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2018年第1期2卷 2-10页

作者： ross l.Prentice Ying Huang Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington SeattleWAUSA

The public health importance of nutritional epidemiology research is discussed,along withmethodological challenges to obtaining reliable information on dietary approaches to chronicdisease *** issues in assessing dietary intake need to be addressed toobtain reliable disease association ***-reported dietary data typically incorporatemajor random and systematic *** biomarkers offer potential for more reliable analyses,but biomarkers have been established only for a few dietary variables,and these may be tooexpensive to apply to all participants in large epidemiologic cohorts.A possible way forwardinvolves additional nutritional biomarker development using high-dimensional metabolomicprofiling,using blood and urine specimens,in conjunction withfurther development of statisticalapproaches for accommodating measurement error with failure time response *** the opportunity to contribute greatly to worldwide public health through the development of statistical methods to address these nutritional epidemiology research challenges,asis elaborated in this contribution.

关键词： Chronic disease epidemiology failure time data hazard ratio measurement error metabolomics nutritional biomarker regression calibration

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Response to discussion of‘Nutritional epidemiology methods and related statistical challenges and opportunities’

引用

Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2018年第1期2卷 23-26页

作者： ross l.Prentice Ying Huang Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington Seattle WAUSA

We very much appreciate each of the three sets of comments on our *** manuscript argued thatthe nutritional epidemiology research area,which is soimportant to worldwide public health,is burdened withchallenges in estimating dietary intakes,both shortterm intakes and intakes over the years or decades thatmay be relevant to chronic disease *** nutritional epidemiology literature having chronic diseaseoutcomes mostly relies on dietary self-report *** few dietary variables having an established objective measure(biomarker),comparison with self-reportdata suggests that the data include not only a large‘noise’component,which available statistical methods can typically accommodate,but frequently also alarge systematic bias component that,for example,maydepend on such study subject body mass index(BMI),age and ethnicity,among other *** is the needto address this systematic bias component of dietaryintake assessment that stimulates our call for additionalreliance on biomarkers,for additional biomarker development,and for the development of novel and flexible statistical methods for use in disease associationanalyses.

关键词： intake epidemiology mostly

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effect of protein sources on performance characteristics of turkeys in the first three weeks of life

引用

Animal Nutrition 2019年第4期5卷 396-406页

作者： Megan l.ross Dervan D.S.l.Bryan Dawn A.Abbott Henry l.Classen Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5A8SaskatchewanCanada

The effect of nutrition during the early life of turkey poults has a long-lasting impact on bird *** study assessed the digestibility of 5 high protein feed ingredients(soybean meal [SBM],corn gluten meal [CGM],canola protein concentrate [CPC],fish meal [FM],and porcine meal [PCM]) in broiler chickens,as well as their use in turkey pre-starter diets fed to 21 d of *** first experiment(5 × 2 factorial arrangement) determined nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy(AMEn) and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility(AIAAD) of each ingredient in broiler chickens at 5 and 21 d of age,using 6 replications of 30 and 8 chicks,*** the second experiment(completely randomized design),4 replication pens,containing 23 d-old poults,were randomly assigned to one of 5 dietary *** diets were formulated based on the AMEn and AIAAD values derived in the first experiment,and consisted of a high SBM control diet,and 4 additional diets with either CPC,FM,PCM or CGM replacing 25% of the protein supplied by SBM in the control *** analysis was completed using Proc Mixed in SAS *** contrasts were used to compare treatments in the second *** were identified at P lue at d 5 was higher than that at d *** ileal amino acid digestibility increased with age for most amino acids(AA),but the response was AA and protein source *** largest average increase in AIAAD between 5 and 21 d of age was observed for *** of CPC,FM,PCM,or CGM increased body weight up to 14 d,in comparison to poults fed the SBM diet,but feed efficiency and water consumption were not *** ileum digesta moisture values were higher for birds fed SBM when compared to those fed *** results demonstrate that combining SBM with CPC,FM,PCM,or CGM improves poult performance during the first 14 d of

关键词： Soybean meal Corn gluten meal Canola meal Fish meal Porcine meal Turkeys

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Changes in ecosystem carbon stocks in a grassland ash (Fraxinus excelsior) afforestation chronosequence in Ireland

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第5期7卷 429-438页

作者： Michael l.Wellock Rashad Rafique christina M.laPerle Matthias Peichl Gerard Kiely Centre for Hydrology Micrometeorology and Climate ChangeDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden

Aims Government policy in Ireland is to increase the national forest cover from the current 10%to 18%of the total land area by *** represents a major land use change that is expected to impact on the national carbon(C)*** the C stocks of ecosystem bio-mass and soils of Irish grasslands and coniferous forests have been quantified,little work has been done to assess the impact of broad-leaf afforestation on C *** In this study,we sampled a chronosequence of ash(Fraxinus excel-sior)forests aged 12,20,27,40 and 47 years on brown earth soils.A grassland site,representative of the pre-afforestation land use,was sampled as a *** Findings Our results show that there was a significant decline(Pl(0-30 cm)following afforestation from the grassland(90.2 Mg C ha^(−1))to the 27-year-old forest(66.7 Mg C ha^(−1)).Subsequently,the forest soils switched from being a C source to a C sink and began to sequester C to 71.3 Mg C ha^(−1) at the 47-year-old *** found the amount of C stored in the above-and belowground biomass increased with age of the forest stands and offset the amount of C lost from the *** amount of C stored in the above-and belowground biomass increased on average by 1.83 Mg C ha^(−1) year^(−1).The increased storage of C in the biomass led to an increase in the total ecosystem C,from 90.2 Mg C ha^(−1) at the grassland site to 162.6 Mg C ha^(−1) at the 47-year-old *** a national scale,projected rates of ash afforestation to the year 2020 may cause a loss of 290752 Mg C from the soil compared to 2525936 Mg C sequestered into the tree *** effects of harvesting and reforestation may further modify the development of ecosystem C stocks over an entire ash rotation.

关键词： ash(Fraxinus excelsior l.) chronosequence soil biomass carbon ecosystem

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Effects of fertilization and herbicides on growth of young loblolly pine and infestations of Nantucket pine tip moth（lepidoptera： Tortricidae）

引用

Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 367-374页

作者： WIllIAM G. ross DAVID l. KUlHAVY JIANG-HUA SUN School of Forestry Louisiana Tech University Ruston Louisiana Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches Texas USA State Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A 2-year-old pine plantation was selected to receive treatments of fertilizers and herbicides to evaluate effects on Nantucket pine tip moth infestations and the tree growth parameters of height, diameter and volume increment. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, and hexazinone and sulfometuron methyl herbicides were used in creating six treatments：（i） control; （ii） phosphorus; （iii） nitrogen and phosphorus; （iv） phosphorus and herbicide; （v） nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide; and （vi） herbicide. Treatments were applied in 1987 and 1988. In 1987, trees treated with nitrogen, phosphorus and herbicide had significantly greater height, diameter and volume growth than trees not receiving fertilizer treatments, but did not have significantly higher tip moth infestations than control trees. Treatments receiving phosphorus only had much lower tip moth infestation rates than other treatments except nitrogen and phosphorus. In 1988, tip moth infestations were uniformly low, with no differences in treatment effects observed.

关键词： fertilizers herbicides infestation rates Nantucket pine tip moth nitrogen phosphorus

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：