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liver bioengineering:Current status and future perspectives

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6926-6934页

作者： Christopher Booth Tom Soker Pedro Baptista christina l ross Shay Soker Umar Farooq Robert J Stratta Giuseppe Orlando Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States Department of General Surgery Section of TransplantationWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States

The present review aims to illustrate the strategies that are being implemented to regenerate or bioengineer livers for clinical *** are two general pathways to liver bioengineering and *** first consists of creating a supporting scaffold,either synthetically or by decellularization of human or animal organs,and seeding cells on the scaffold,where they will mature either in bioreactors or in *** strategy seems to offer the quickest route to clinical translation,as demonstrated by the development of liver organoids from rodent livers which were repopulated with organ specific cells of animal and/or human *** bioengineering has potential for transplantation and for toxicity testing during preclinical drug *** second possibility is to induce liver regeneration of dead or resected tissue by manipulating cell *** fact,it is well known that the liver has peculiar regenerative potential which allows hepatocyte hyperplasia after amputation of liver *** of autologous bone marrow cells,which aids in liver regeneration,into patients was shown to be safe and to improve their clinical condition,but the specific cells responsible for liver regeneration have not yet been determined and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.A complete understanding of the cell pathways and dynamics and of the functioning of liver stem cell niche is necessary for the clinical translation of regenerative medicine *** well,it will be crucial to elucidate the mechanisms through which cells interact with the extracellular matrix,and how this latter supports and drives cell fate.

关键词：肝脏再生生物工程种子细胞器官特异性动物肝脏生物反应器细胞外基质人类起源

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Public health importance of light intensity physical activity

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 674-675页

作者： Robert ross Ian Janssen Mark S.Tremblay School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada School of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismQueen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Healthy Active living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

*** intensity physical activity(PA)benefits health PA guidelines worldwide recommend that adults accumulate 150 min of moderate intensity or 75 min of vigorous intensity PA(moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Absent from these guidelines are recommendations for light intensity PA(lPA,e.g.,walking at a leisurely pace of 3 km/h or less,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents).

关键词： intensity light benefits

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Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 418-427页

作者： Sophie Schneitler christina Schneider Markus Casper Frank lammert Marcin Krawczyk Sören l Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland UniversityHomburg 66421Germany Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg 66421Germany Health Sciences Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany laboratory of Metabolic liver Diseases Department of GeneralTransplant and Liver SurgeryCentre for Preclinical ResearchMedical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-097Poland

BACKGROUND Bacterial infections(BI)negatively affect the natural course of *** most frequent BI are urinary tract infections(UTI),pneumonia,and spontaneousbacterial peritonitis(SBP).AIM To assess the relevance of bacterial infections beyond the commonly recognized types in patients with cirrhosis and to investigate their relationship with other clinical *** We retrospectively analyzed patients with cirrhosis and BI treated between 2015 and 2018 at our tertiary care *** were classified as typical and atypical,and clinical as well as laboratory parameters were compared between the two *** In a cohort of 488 patients with cirrhosis,we identified 225 typical BI(95 UTI,73 SBP,72 pulmonary infections)and 74 atypical BIs,predominantly cholangitis and soft tissue infections(21 each),followed by intra-abdominal BIs(n=9),cholecystitis(n=6),head/throat BIs(n=6),osteoarticular BIs(n=5),and endocarditis(n=3).We did not observe differences concerning age,sex,or etiology of cirrhosis in patients with typical vs atypical *** BIs were more common in patients with more advanced cirrhosis,as evidenced by Model of End Stage liver Disease(15.1±7.4 vs 12.9±5.1;P=0.005)and Child-Pugh scores(8.6±2.5 vs 8.0±2;P=0.05).CONClUSION Atypical BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the ***,the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detailed work-up to elucidate whether typical BI can be identified.

关键词： Bacterial infection Empirical antibiotic therapy End-stage liver disease Escherichia coli Multi-resistant pathogens

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limosilactobacillus mucosae FZJTZ26M3 prevents NAFlD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen li Mengfan Ding RPaul ross Catherine Stanton Jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD).The effects of two strains of ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFlD were investigated in this ***-old male C57Bl/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17l3).*** FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of *** to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after *** FZJTZ26M3 *** pathology showed that *** FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFlD ***,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that *** FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFlD by regulating lipid ***,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after *** FZJTZ26M3 ***,*** FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFlD.

关键词： limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) Probiotic lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

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Kidney regeneration: Where we are and future perspectives

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World Journal of Nephrology 2014年第3期3卷 24-30页

作者： Joao Paulo Zambon Renata S Magalhaes Inkap Ko christina l ross Giuseppe Orlando Andrea Peloso Anthony Atala James J Yoo Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine North Carolina NC 27104 United States Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo 04021-001 Brazil Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia and University of Pavia 27103 Pavia Italy

In 2012,about 16487 people received kidney transplants in the United States,whereas 95022 candidates were on the waiting list by the end of the *** advances in renal transplant immunology,approximately 40%of recipients will die or lose graft within10 *** limitations of current therapies for renal failure have led researchers to explore the development of modalities that could improve,restore,or replace the renal *** aim of this paper is to describe a reasonable approach for kidney regeneration and review the current literature regarding cell sources and mechanisms to develop a bioengineering *** to kidneys peculiar anatomy,extracellular matrix based scaffolds are rational starting point for their *** perfusion of detergents through the kidney vasculature is an efficient method for delivering decellularizing agents to cells and for removing of cellular material from the *** efforts have focused on the search of a reliable cell source to provide enrichment for achieving stable renal cell *** an efficient bioengineered kidney,these cells must be attached to the organ and then maturated into the bioractors,which simulates the human body environment.A functional bioengineered kidney is still a big challenge for *** the last ten years we have got many improvements on the field of solid organ regeneration;however,we are still far away from the main ***,regenerative centers worldwide have been striving to find feasible strategies to develop bioengineered ***-scaffold technology gives hope to end-stage renal disease patients who struggle with morbidity and mortality due to extended periods on dialysis or *** potential of bioengineered organ is to provide a reliable source of organs,which can be refunctionalized and transplanted.

关键词：肾脏移植免疫学治疗方法临床分析

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Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula Karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(l),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

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The effect of high-flow oxygen via tracheostomy on respiratory pattern and diaphragmatic function in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation:A randomized,physiological,crossover study

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 202-208页

作者： Elena lytra Stelios Kokkoris Ioannis Poularas Dimitrios Filippiadis Demosthenes Cokkinos Dimitrios Exarhos Spyros Zakynthinos christina Routsi 1st Department of Intensive Care Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensEvangelismos HospitalAthensGreece Radiology Department Evangelismos HospitalAthensGreece 2nd Radiology Department Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAttikon HospitalAthensGreece

Background Compared to conventional oxygen devices,high-flow oxygen treatment(HFOT)through the nasal cannulae has demonstrated clinical *** data exist on whether such effects are also present in HFOT through ***,we aimed to examine the short-term effects of HFOT through tracheostomy on diaphragmatic function and respiratory parameters in tracheostomized patients on prolonged mechanical *** A randomized,crossover,physiological study was conducted in our ICU between December 2020 and April 2021,in patients with tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical *** patients underwent a 30-min spontaneous breathing trial(SBT)and received oxygen either via T-piece or by HFOT through tracheostomy,followed by a washout period of 15-min breathing through the T-piece and receipt of 30-min oxygen with the other modality in a randomized crossover *** the start and end of each session,blood gasses,breathing frequency(f),and tidal volume(VT)via a Wright's spirometer were measured,along with diaphragm ultrasonography including diaphragm excursion and diaphragmatic thickening fraction,which expressed the inspiratory muscle *** Eleven patients were enrolled in whom 19 sessions were uneventfully completed;eight patients were studied twice on two different days with alternate sessions;and three patients were studied *** were randomly assigned to start the SBT with a T-piece(n=10 sessions)or with HFOT(n=9 sessions).With HFOT,VT and minute ventilation(VE)significantly increased during SBT(from[465±119]ml to[549±134]ml,Pl/min to[13.1±4.2]l/min,Ply),but they did not change significantly during SBT with T-piece(from[495±132]ml to[461±123]ml and from[12.8±4.4]ml to[12.0±4.4]ml,respectively);f/VT decreased during HFOT(from[64±31]breaths/(min∙l)to[49±24]breaths/(min∙l),Ply during SBT with T-piece(from[59±28]breaths/(min∙l)to[64±33]breaths/(m

关键词： Diaphragm Diaphragm ultrasonography High-flow oxygen Prolonged mechanical ventilation Tracheostomy

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The effect of laves phases and nano-precipitates on the electrochemical corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-Ca alloys under alkaline conditions

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranchi Tilmann Hickel christina Scheu Joshua Spille Marta lipińska-Chwałek Joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marcus Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central Facility for Electron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical Image and Signal Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different chemical com-positions,modified surface states and various electrolyte ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental electrochemical corrosion mechanisms of three different laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al-Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)electron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** electrochemical corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-electrode setup and advanced in-situ flow cell measurements.A new electrochemical activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-scale Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the laves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： laves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive layer

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Determination of the standardized ileal digestible calcium requirement of ross broilers from hatch to day 14 post-hatch

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 122-129页

作者： Carrie l.Walk Raffaella Aureli Pauline Jenn DSM Nutritional Products Delves RoadHeanorDerbyshireDE757SGUnited Kingdom Research Center for Animal Nutrition and Health DSM Nutritional ProductsVillage-Neuf68128France

An experiment was conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestible(SID)calcium requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 *** 308(n=360)male broilers were obtained on day of hatch and allocated to 1 of 5 treatments in battery *** were 6 birds per cage and 12 pens per *** treatments were formulated to contain 0.60%,0.46%,0.32%or 0.18%SID *** final treatment was formulated using total Ca to meet or exceed all nutrient requirements,including 0.90%total Ca and 0.49%non-phytate P(nPP),using the same *** treatment was the reference diet for comparison and validation of the SID Ca *** and feed were weighed at placement and on d *** and ileal contents were obtained on d 14 and excreta was collected per pen and pooled on d *** were analyzed using JMP Pro and requirements were estimated using 3different non-linear regression *** the SID Ca content in the diet from 0.18%to 0.60%improved(quadratic,Plity corrected feed conversion ratio(mFCR).The estimated SID Ca requirement to optimize gain or m FCR was between 0.39%and 0.52%.Tibia ash percent and weight increased(quadratic,Plization was improved in birds fed diets formulated using SID Ca compared with birds fed the reference *** conclusion,the SID Ca requirement of fast-growing broilers from hatch to d 14 was estimated between 0.534%and 0.398%when quadratic,straight-broken line,or quadratic-broken line regressions were *** results agree with previously published data evaluating the SID Ca requirement of fast-growth broilers from hatch to d 10.

关键词： Apparent ileal digestibility Digestible calcium Requirements Retention Tibia ash

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Context-dependent integrated stress resistance promotes a global invasive pest

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Insect Science 2022年第6期29卷 1790-1804页

作者： Vimbai l.Tarusikirwa ross N.Cuthbert Reyard Mutamiswa Casper Nyamukondiwa Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPalapyeBotswana GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum fur Ozeanforschung Kiel KielGermany School of Biological Sciences Queen's University BelfastNorth ern IrelandUnited Kingdom Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Tugwi-Mukosi Multidisciplinary Research Institute Midlands State UniversityGweruZimbabwe Department of Zoology and Entomology.Rhodes University MakhandaSouth Africa

In nature,insects concurrently face multiple environmental stressors,a sce-nario likely increasing with climate *** stress resistance(ISR)thus often improves fitness and could drive invasiveness,but how physiological mechanisms influ-ence invasion has lacked ***,we investigated cross-tolerance to abiotic stress factors which may influence range limits in the South American tomato pinworm a global invader that is an ecologically and socially damaging crop ***,we tested the effects of prior rapid cold-and heat-hardening(RCH and RHH),fasting,and desiccation on cold and heat tolerance traits,as well as starvation and desiccation sur-vivability between *** life *** effects on critical thermal minima(CT_(min))and maxima(CT_(max))were inconsistent,showing significantly deleterious effects of RCH on adult CT_(max) and CT_(min) and,conversely,beneficial acclimation effects of RCH on larval CT_(min).While no beneficial effects of desiccation acclimation were recorded for desiccation tolerance,fasted individuals had significantly higher survival in adults,whereas fasting negatively affected larval ***,fasted and desiccation acclimated adults had significantly higher starvation tolerance,showing strong evidence for *** results show context-dependent ISR traits that may promote *** fitness and *** the frequent overlapping occurrence of these divergent stressors,ISR reported here may thus partly elucidate the observed rapid global spread of *** into more stressful environments than *** information is vital in determining the underpinnings of multistressor responses,which are fundamental in forecasting species responses to changing environments and management responses.

关键词： acclimation cross-talk cross-tolerance invasive species thermal tolerance tomato leaf miner

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