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Satellite Remote Sensing of Savannas:Current Status and Emerging Opportunities

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2022年第1期2022卷 162-181页

作者： Abdulhakim m.Abdi martin Brandt christin.Abel Rasmus Fensholt Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource management University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Centre for Environmental and Climate Science Lund UniversityLundSweden

Savannas cover a wide climatic gradient across large portions of the Earth’s land surface and are an important component of the terrestrial *** have been undergoing changes that alter the composition and structure of their vegetation such as the encroachment of woody vegetation and increasing land-use *** the spatial and temporal dynamics of savanna ecosystem structure(e.g.,partitioning woody and herbaceous vegetation)and function(e.g.,aboveground biomass)is of high *** challenges include misclassification of savannas as forests at the mesic end of their range,disentangling the contribution of woody and herbaceous vegetation to aboveground biomass,and quantifying and mapping fuel ***,we review current(2010–present)research in the application of satellite remote sensing in savannas at regional and global *** identify emerging opportunities in satellite remote sensing that can help overcome existing *** provide recommendations on how these opportunities can be leveraged,specifically(1)the development of a conceptual framework that leads to a consistent definition of savannas in remote sensing;(2)improving mapping of savannas to include ecologically relevant information such as soil properties and fire activity;(3)exploiting high-resolution imagery provided by nanosatellites to better understand the role of landscape structure in ecosystem functioning;and(4)using novel approaches from artificial intelligence and machine learning in combination with multisource satellite observations,e.g.,multi-/hyperspectral,synthetic aperture radar(SAR),and light detection and ranging(lidar),and data on plant traits to infer potentially new relationships between biotic and abiotic components of savannas that can be either proven or disproven with targeted field experiments.

关键词： structure Remote lidar

Analysis of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 gene polymorphism in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第44期15卷 5558-5562页

作者： Erwin Gbele marcus mhlbauer Hartwig Paulo monika Johann christin.meltzer Franz Leidl Norbert Wodarz Reiner Wiest Jrgen Schlmerich Claus Hellerbrand Department of Internal medicine University Medical Center RegensburgD-93042 RegensburgGermany Department of Psychiatry University Medical Center RegensburgD-93042 RegensburgGermany

AIm:To investigate a genetic polymorphism of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (mCP-1 ) gene in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).mETHODS:mCP-1 genotyping was performed in 23 patients with SBP and 83 cirrhotic control patients with non-infected ***:The frequency of carriers of the G-allele was lower in SBP patients but this difference did not reach statistical significance. However,in the subgroup of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (n=80),carriers of the G-allele were significantly less frequent in SBP-patients (38.1%) than in cirrhotic controls (67.8%,P=0.021). CONCLUSION:In patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis,the-2518 mCP-1 genotype AA is a risk factor for the development of SBP.

关键词： monocyte chemotactic protein-1 Chemokines Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Polymorphism Livercirrhosis

Anticaries and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract from leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 43-48页

作者： Phuong Thi mai Nguyen Nadin Schultze christin.Boger Zeyad Alresley Albert Bolhuis Ulrike Lindequist Department of Plant Biochemistry Institute of BiotechnologyVietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Greifswald Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath

Objective: To investigate antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.(C. operculatus) grown in ***: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves was phytochemically screened and tested for its antimicrobial activity against six Gram-positive bacteria(three of which were antibiotic multiresistant Staphylococcus spp.), two Gram-negative bacteria,and one fungal species using an agar diffusion method. Anticaries activity was tested using p H drop and biofilm assays formed in 96-well plastic ***: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids and terpenes, in which flavonoid content was 6.8 mg/g dry material. Antibacterial activity of the C. operculatus extract was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus mutans GS-5(S. mutans), and three multiresistant bacteria being Staphylococcus epidermidis 847, Staphylococcus haemolyticus 535 and Staphylococcus aureus North German epidemic strain. Interestingly, methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves exhibited the anticaries activity against S. mutans in terms of inhibition of acid production and biofilm formation. Activity of two key enzymes responsible for acidogenicity of S. mutans, F-ATPase and phosphotransferase system were inhibited by the extract with IC_(50) of 51.0 and 98.0 m g/m L, respectively. Cytotoxicity of the extract against keratinocytes was found only for higher concentrations [IC_(50)=(119.98 ± 4.63) m g/m L].Conclusions: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves has the potential for development of antimicrobial preparations, especially anticaries products.

关键词： Cleistocalyx operculatus Antibacterial activity Anticaries Cytotoxicity

Approaches and tools for user-driven provenance and data quality information in spatial data infrastructures

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1510-1529页

作者： Julia Fischer Lukas Egli Juliane Groth Caterina Barrasso Steffen Ehrmann Heiko Figgemeier christin.Henzen Carsten meyer Ralph müller-Pfefferkorn Arne Rümmler michael Wagner Lars Bernard Ralf Seppelt Department of Computational Landscape Ecology UFZ—Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchLeipzigGermany macroecology and Society Group German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-LeipzigLeipzigGermany Chair of Geoinformatics Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute of Geoscience&Geography Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergHalle(Saale)Germany Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

Geospatial data are fundamental in most global-change and sustainability-related ***,readily accessible information on data quality and provenance is often missing or hardly accessible for users due to technical or perceptual barriers,for example,due to unstructured metadata information or missing *** an interdisciplinary process encompassing perspectives of data users,data producers,and software developers,we identified major needs to facilitate effectivefitness-for-use assessments by data users and developed approaches to address *** provided a stylized analysis of large-scale land use data to showcase selected *** support data users,interoperable quality and provenance information need to be meaningfully *** producers need efficient workflows and tools supporting them in creating high-quality,structured and detailed quality and provenance *** newly developed approaches to increase the availability of structured metadata synthesize new and existing tools to extract metadata or to generate provenance data during *** our approaches to improve interoperability and accessibility we present novel tools to support(i)the creation of curated and linked registers of data quality indicators and thematic terms,and(ii)linked visualization of data quality and provenance *** our approaches increases transparency,facilitatesfitness-for-use assessments,and ultimately improves research quality.

关键词： Dashboard earthsystem science fitness forpurpose ISO 19157 landuseandland cover data ontology

伐尼克兰与安非他酮戒烟治疗的比较——2003年于瑞典进行的一项成本-效用分析研究

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中国药物经济学 2008年第4期3卷 71-83页

作者： Kristian Bolin Ann-christin.mrk Stefan Willers Bjrn Lindgren 李洪超瑞典隆德大学经济系辉瑞(瑞典)公司(Pfizer AB) 瑞典隆德大学医院呼吸与过敏科心脏病与肺病中心预防医学室瑞典隆德大学健康经济学中心

研究目的:计算伐尼克兰(varenicline,Champix;辉瑞公司)与安非他酮(bupropion)相比,在终生随访的戒烟项目中的增量成本-效用比(incremental cost-utility ratios),即每获得一个QALY的成本。设计:采用戒烟产出效益(Benefits of Smoking Cessation on Outcomes,BENESCO)模型分别模拟男性和女性队列,为了把戒烟对生产和消费产生的间接影响考虑在内,本研究扩展了模拟的时间。所有计算都按2003年的瑞典价格进行。背景:2003年瑞典。病人或参与者:模型队列包含了瑞典所有吸烟人口的25%(男性168844人,女性208737人),年龄在18岁以上,其年龄分布与瑞典2003年的人口年龄结构一致。干预:分别比较伐尼克兰与安非他酮在戒烟项目中,随访20年、50年和终生三个时期的情况。测量与结果:伐尼克兰与安非他酮相比,在20年和50年的模型期,当包括对生产和消费的间接效果时,获得每个QALY的增量成本男性组为2056欧元(14743欧元),女性组为1193欧元(14214欧元)(1欧元≈9.12瑞典克朗)。不包括对生产和消费的间接影响,伐尼克兰与安非他酮相比是成本节约的方案。敏感度分析显示结果稳定。影响获得每个QALY的成本的主要因素是治疗效果和干预成本的变化。结论:如果以获得每个QALY的成本进行评价,采用伐尼克兰进行戒烟治疗是最具有成本一效果和挽救生命的医疗措施之一。

关键词：戒烟干预伐尼克兰安非他酮经济学评价瑞典

Dose-efficient scanning Compton X-ray microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第6期12卷 1141-1152页

作者： Tang Li JLukas Dresselhaus Nikolay Ivanov mauro Prasciolu Holger Fleckenstein Oleksandr Yefanov Wenhui Zhang David Pennicard Ann-christin.Dippel Olof Gutowski Pablo Villanueva-Perez Henry N.Chapman Saša Bajt The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging 22761 HamburgGermany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL Deutsches ElektronenSynchrotron DESY22607 HamburgGermany Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY 22607 HamburgGermany Synchrotron Radiation Research and NanoLund Lund University22100 LundSweden Department of Physics Universität Hamburg22761 HamburgGermany

The highest resolution of images of soft matter and biological materials is ultimately limited by modification of the structure,induced by the necessarily high energy of short-wavelength *** the inelastically scattered X-rays at a photon energy of 60 keV(0.02 nm wavelength)offers greater signal per energy transferred to the sample than coherent-scattering techniques such as phase-contrast microscopy and projection *** present images of dried,unstained,and unfixed biological objects obtained by scanning Compton X-ray microscopy,at a resolution of about 70 *** microscope was realised using novel wedged multilayer Laue lenses that were fabricated to sub-ångström precision,a new wavefront measurement scheme for hard X rays,and efficient pixel-array *** doses required to form these images were as little as 0.02%of the tolerable dose and 0.05%of that needed for phase-contrast imaging at similar resolution using 17 keV photon *** images obtained provide a quantitative map of the projected mass density in the sample,as confirmed by imaging a silicon *** on these results,we find that it should be possible to obtain radiation damage-free images of biological samples at a resolution below 10 nm.

关键词： wedge dried scattered

molecular Epidemiology of Nontuberculous mycobacteria in a German CF Center and Clinical Course of NTm Positive Patients

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Open Journal of medical microbiology 2013年第1期3卷 39-47页

作者： Carolin Kroner Barbara Ganster matthias Kappler Ann-christin.Grimmelt Bernd H.Belohradsky michael Hogardt Gudrun Laniado michael meissner Soren Schubert matthias Griese Paediatric Pneumology Dr.von Hauner Children’s HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-UniversityMunichGermany Institute for Clinical Chemistry Molecular DiagnosticsMedical Microbiology and Hygiene DepartmentLudwigshafen General HospitalLudwigshafenGermany Institute for medical microbiology and Infection Control University HospitalJohann-Wolfgang-Goethe-UniversityFrankfurt/MainGermany max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and medical microbiology Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversityMunichGermany

Goal of this study was to analyse the clinical course of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTm) in their respiratory secretions and to investigate the molecular epidemiology of the most prevalent NTm species by multilocus sequence analysis (mLSA). The respiratory specimen and the clinical parameters forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), body-mass-index (BmI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 1 h and immunoglobulin G (IgG) of 357 CF patients, 0 - 52.4 years, mean FEV1 2009 81.5% pred were analysed between 1998 and 2010. In 13 patients NTm were detected. 12 of 13 patients carried m. abscessus, for one patient the NTm species was not characterized. 4 patients carried a second NTm species (m. avium, m. chelonae (2x), m. intracellulare). 6 patients exhibited a significant decline in FEV1, however changes in BmI, IgG and ESR were discordant. molecular genotyping of m. abscessus isolates revealed a unique mLSA pattern in 6 patients. 2 patients harboured identical strains, and one patient a closely related strain. Whether the presence of identical strains is attributed to the acquisition of NTm clones from common environmental sources or to patient-to-patient transmission cannot be definitely clarified. Although cross-in- fection of the three patients with identical/closely related strains in the present cohort is highly unlikely, we recommend strict hygiene measures for all CF patients harbouring NTm.

关键词： mycobacteria Nontuberculous mycobacterium abscessus Cystic Fibrosis molecular Epidemiology multilocus Sequence Analysis(mLSA) Interferon Gamma

Characterization and mode of action analysis of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)larva-derived hemocytes

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1071-1095页

作者： Yvette m.von Bredow Ariane müller Philipp F.Popp Denis Iliasov Christoph-Rüdiger von Bredow Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und EntwicklungsbiologieZelluläre Erkennungs-und AbwehrprozesseGießenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Fakultät BiologieInstitut für ZoologieDresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Fakultät BiologieInstitut für MikrobiologieDresdenGermany Present address:Philipp F.Popp Institute for Biology-Bacterial PhysiologyHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany

With the growing importance of the black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)for both sustainable food production and waste management as well as for science,a great demand of understanding its immune system ***,we present the first description of the circulating larval hemocytes with special emphasis on uptake of microorganisms and distinguishing hemocyte *** histological,zymographic,and cytometric methods and with a set of hemocyte binding lectins and antibodies,the hemocytes of *** are identified as plasmatocytes,crystal cells,and putative *** hemocyte counts(THC)are determined,and methods for THC determination are *** 1100 hemocytes per microliter hemolymph are present in naive animals,while hemocyte density decreases dramatically shortly after wounding,indicating a role of hemocytes in response to wounding(and immune response in general).The determination of the relative abundance of each hemocyte type(differential hemocyte count,DHC)revealed that plasmatocytes are highly abundant,whereas prohemocytes and crystal cells make up only a small percentage of the circulating *** are not only the most abundant but also the professional phagocytes in *** rapidly engulf and take up bacteria both in vivo and in vitro,indicating a very potent cellular defense against invading *** bioparticles such as yeasts are also removed from circulation by phagocytosis,but slower than *** is the first analysis of the potent cellular immune response in the black soldier fly,and a first toolbox that helps to identify hemocyte(types)is presented.

关键词： black soldier fly(Hermetia ilucens) cellular immunity crystal cell hemocyte types immunity of economically imporant insects microbe phagoeytosis plasmatocyte

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城市环境设计 2019年第2期118卷 198-209页

作者： H?gni Laksáfoss Agata Wozniczka Agne Tamasauskaite Alberto Herzog Borko Nikolic christin.Svensson Claudio moretti Dominic Black Eva Seo-Andersen Frederik Wegener Gabrielle Nadeau Jacob Lykkefold Aaen Jaime Peiro Suso Jan magasanik Jesper Boye Andersen Jonas Aars? Larsen Julian Andres Ocampo Salazar Karl Johan Nyqvist Karol Bogdan Borkowski Katarina mácková Katrine Juul Kristoffer Negendahl Lucian Racovitan maria Teresa Fernandez Rojo max Gabriel Pinto min Ter Lim Narisara Ladawal Schr?der Romea muryn Ryohei Koike Sergiu Calacean Song He Taylor mcNally-Anderson Terrence Chew Thomas Sebastian Krall Tiago Sá Tobias Vall? S?rensen Tore Banke Laurian Ghinitoiu 朱翰林

位于G?rdet国家公园边缘,Kullen有意识地塑造了一个尊重且适应环境的形式,并展现出与众不同的社区和壮丽的景色。为直接回应周围环境,建筑的西北和东南角高起至临近周边的高度;而距离公园最远、且本是视野最不好的东北角被拉高以使其拥... 详细信息

位于G?rdet国家公园边缘,Kullen有意识地塑造了一个尊重且适应环境的形式,并展现出与众不同的社区和壮丽的景色。为直接回应周围环境,建筑的西北和东南角高起至临近周边的高度;而距离公园最远、且本是视野最不好的东北角被拉高以使其拥有公园和港口最壮阔的景色。建筑西南角延伸至最远处的G?rdet国家公园;为了在建筑和自然之间创造一个人性化的柔和边缘,西南角被尽可能地压低,变成

关键词：住宅区