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Anticaries and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract from leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 43-48页

作者： Phuong Thi Mai Nguyen Nadin Schultze christin boger Zeyad Alresley Albert Bolhuis Ulrike Lindequist Department of Plant Biochemistry Institute of BiotechnologyVietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Greifswald Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath

Objective: To investigate antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.(C. operculatus) grown in ***: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves was phytochemically screened and tested for its antimicrobial activity against six Gram-positive bacteria(three of which were antibiotic multiresistant Staphylococcus spp.), two Gram-negative bacteria,and one fungal species using an agar diffusion method. Anticaries activity was tested using p H drop and biofilm assays formed in 96-well plastic ***: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids and terpenes, in which flavonoid content was 6.8 mg/g dry material. Antibacterial activity of the C. operculatus extract was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus mutans GS-5(S. mutans), and three multiresistant bacteria being Staphylococcus epidermidis 847, Staphylococcus haemolyticus 535 and Staphylococcus aureus North German epidemic strain. Interestingly, methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves exhibited the anticaries activity against S. mutans in terms of inhibition of acid production and biofilm formation. Activity of two key enzymes responsible for acidogenicity of S. mutans, F-ATPase and phosphotransferase system were inhibited by the extract with IC_(50) of 51.0 and 98.0 m g/m L, respectively. Cytotoxicity of the extract against keratinocytes was found only for higher concentrations [IC_(50)=(119.98 ± 4.63) m g/m L].Conclusions: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves has the potential for development of antimicrobial preparations, especially anticaries products.

关键词： Cleistocalyx operculatus Antibacterial activity Anticaries Cytotoxicity

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Ray tracing particle image velocimetry-Challenges in the application to a packed bed

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 194-208页

作者： christin Velten Mirko Ebert Christian Lessig Katharina Zahringer Lehrstuhl für Strömungsmechanik und Strömungstechnik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg39106MagdeburgGermany Institut für Simulation und Graphik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg39106MagdeburgGermany

Ray tracing Particle Image Velocimetry(RT-PIV)is an optical technique for high resolution velocity measurements in challenging optical systems,such as transparent packed beds,that uses ray tracing to correct for distortions introduced by transparent geometries in the light *** ray tracing based correction is a post processing step applied to the raw PIV particle images before classical PIV *** this study,RT-PIV is performed in the top layer of a body centred cubic(bcc)sphere packing with gaseous flow,where optical access is obtained by the use of transparent N-BK7 glass balls with a diameter of d=40 ***-PIV introduces new experimental and numerical challenges,for example a limited field of view,illumination difficulties,a very large required depth of field and high sensitivity to geometric parameters used in the ray tracing *** challenges and their implications are the main scope and discussed in the present ***,the validation of the ray tracing reconstruction step is presented and examples for the obtained corrected vector fields in a packed bed are *** results show the strength of the method in reconstructing velocity fields behind transparent spheres that would not have been accessible by optical measurement techniques without the ray tracing correction.

关键词： Ray tracing particle image velocimetry(RT-PIV) Transparent spherical particles Packed bed Distortion correction Gas flow

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Sumixam maximus *** ***.,a New Pennsylvanian Species of Archaeorthoptera(Neoptera;Indiana,USA)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 515-520页

作者： Olivier BTHOUX christin GROSSMANN Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of GeologyDepartment of PalaeontologyD09596 FreibergGermany Senckenberg Natural History Collections of Dresden Museum of ZoologyD-01109 DresdenGermany Senckenberg Natural History Collections of Dresden Museum of Zoology D-01109 DresdenGermany

A new Mazon-Creek-type fossil specimen is described as Sumixam maximus *** ***., assigned to the taxon Archaeorthoptera Bethoux and Nel,2002(composed of Orthoptera and some fossil relatives):it exhibits one of the diagnostic character states of this taxon,which is the fusion of CuA(emerging from M+CuA)with CuP,or a branch of it.A more precise taxonomic assignment is out of *** new taxon exhibits a fusion of the anterior branch of MA with RP,and a point of divergence of MA and MP located near the point of divergence of CuA(from M + CuA),but lack a branching of *** unique combination of character states is probably derived with respect to a number of contemporaneous *** maximus *** *** most likely the closest known relative of the panorthopterans,which include all the recent Archaeorthoptera.

关键词： Insecta Upper Carboniferous Mazon Creek

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Thermal desorption of mercury from lignite in a high-temperature furnace and in power plant mills

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第5期9卷 150-159页

作者： Anne-christin Kropp Kathrin Gebauer Michael Beckmann Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology Faculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany

In this article,the binding forms of two lignite samples are determined by thermal desorption using a high-temperature *** mercury compound,such as HgCl2,has a specifc binding strength whose decomposition requires a certain thermal ***,the release of mercury from pure substances and lignite samples was analyzed in a high-temperature *** released mercury is determined with a Mercury Vapor *** obtained characteristic temperature range and peak of the mercury release were compared between lignite samples and mercury pure *** the lignite samples investigated,the binding form of mercury was then identifed as Humic *** organic compounds vaporize at lower *** half of the mercury bound in the lignite was already released at 350℃.Furthermore,the question arises whether mercury is already released during the grinding-drying process in the coal mill of a power *** two power plants,lignite samples were taken simultaneously at the feeder before entering the coal mill and at the dust line *** samples were analyzed for mercury *** results show that up to one third of the mercury was already released in the coal *** vaporized mercury enters the combustion chamber detached from the *** stated analysis methods and the results presented in this article contribute to the understanding of the mercury binding forms in *** also shows the potential of thermal coal pretreatment as a favorable alternative mercury separation technology to others such as activated carbon dosing.

关键词： Mercury binding forms Thermal desorption Mercury release Coal mill Coal pretreatment

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Diatom-inspired Plastic Deformation Elements for Energy Absorption in Automobiles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第4期12卷 613-623页

作者： christin Hundertmark Rudiger Tinter Marc Ortelt Marcus J B Hauser Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Institute of Experimental Physics Biophysics Group Universitatsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany Volkswagen AG Plastic Business Sector Postbox O11/1219 38436 Wolfsburg Germany

We report on a biomimetic approach for the construction of a deformation element in vehicles which absorbs energy in the case of lateral collisions. We aim at simultaneously maximising the energy absorption capacity of the component and mini- mising its weight. The examined deformation element, a crash-pad is inspired by the structure of a diatom which is known for its structural stability. As the natural counterpart, our crash pad is characterized by an undulated shape. The three undulations of the crash pad are of different height and provide for a sequential absorption of the impact energy. Compression tests were performed on the prototypes of the crash pad that were produced from different materials, namely a conventional talc reinforced poly- propylene and a natural fibre reinforced plastic. Compression tests revealed that the bioinspired crash pads performed better or equal than their technical counterpart. As required, the bioinspired components deformed continuously with the increase in deformation force. Since the differences in the properties of the used materials were small, the increased energy absorption properties were predominantly due to the structure of the biomimetic deformation element.

关键词： biomimetic approach deformation element side crash natural fibre reinforced plastic energy absorption diatoms

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Scientific geodata infrastructures: challenges, approaches and directions

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2014年第7期7卷 613-633页

作者： Lars Bernard Stephan Mas Matthias Muller christin Henzen Johannes Brauner Department of Geosciences Faculty of Environmental SciencesTechnische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany

Based on various experiences in developing Geodata Infrastructures(GDIs)for scientific applications,this article proposes the concept of a Scientific GDI that can be used by scientists in environmental and earth sciences to share and disseminate their research results and related analysis *** GDI is understood as an approach to tackle the science case in Digital Earth and to further enhance e-science for environmental *** Scientific GDI to support the research community in efficiently exchanging data and methods related to the various scientific disciplines forming the basis of environmental studies poses numerous challenges on today’s GDI *** paper summarizes requirements and recommendations on the publication of scientific geospatial data and on functionalities to be provided in Scientific *** practices and open issues for governance and policies of a Scientific GDI are discussed and are concluded by deriving a research agenda for the next decade.

关键词： scientific geodata infrastructure sharing environmental models geospatial cyberinfrastructure e-science spatial data infrastructure

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A decision framework for identifying models to estimate forest ecosystem services gains from restoration

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第2期3卷 126-137页

作者： Zachary L. christin Kenneth J. Bagstad Michael A. Verdone Earth Economics 107 N Tacoma Ave Tacoma WA 98403 USA. U.S. Geological Survey Geosciences & Environmental Change Science Center Box 25046 MS 980 Denver CO 80225 USA. International Union for the Conservation of Nature 1630 Connecticut Ave. NW #300 Washington DC 20009 USA.

Restoring degraded forests and agricultural lands has become a global conservation priority. A growing number of tools can quantify ecosystem service tradeoffs associated with forest restoration. This evolving ＂tools landscape＂ presents a dilemma： more tools are available, but selecting appropriate tools has become more challenging. We present a Restoration Ecosystem Service Tool Selector （RESTS） framework that describes key characteristics of 13 ecosystem service assessment tools. Analysts enter information about their decision context, services to be analyzed, and desired outputs. Tools are filtered and presented based on five evaluative criteria： scalability, cost, time requirements, handling of uncertainty, and applicability to benefit-cost analysis. RESTS uses a spreadsheet interface but a web-based interface is planned. Given the rapid evolution of ecosystem services science, RESTS provides an adaptable framework to guide forest restoration decision makers toward tools that can help quantify ecosystem services in support of restoration.

关键词： Decision support Ecosystem services Forest restoration Modeling Valuation Comparative toolsassessment

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An Update on Treatment of Drug-Induced Liver Injury

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2014年第2期2卷 74-79页

作者： christin Giordano John Rivas Xaralambos Zervos Department of Faculty and Academic Affairs University of Central Florida College of Medicine Orlando FL USA Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland Clinic Florida Weston FL USA

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been linked to more than 1,000 medications and remains the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States. Here, we review the most current literature regarding treatment and make recommendations for the management of this relatively common disease. Since treatment of DILI remains largely elusive, recent studies have attempted to define new management strategies for these difficult patients. Early diagnosis and withdrawal of the suspected medication is the mainstay of treatment of DILI. For acetaminophen and Amanita mushroom poisoning, there are specific therapies in use. Finally, there are other possible management mod-alities for DILI, including corticosteroids and ursodeoxycholic acid.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Hepatotoxicity Acetaminophen toxicity

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Satellite Remote Sensing of Savannas:Current Status and Emerging Opportunities

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Journal of Remote Sensing 2022年第1期2022卷 162-181页

作者： Abdulhakim M.Abdi Martin Brandt christin Abel Rasmus Fensholt Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Centre for Environmental and Climate Science Lund UniversityLundSweden

Savannas cover a wide climatic gradient across large portions of the Earth’s land surface and are an important component of the terrestrial *** have been undergoing changes that alter the composition and structure of their vegetation such as the encroachment of woody vegetation and increasing land-use *** the spatial and temporal dynamics of savanna ecosystem structure(e.g.,partitioning woody and herbaceous vegetation)and function(e.g.,aboveground biomass)is of high *** challenges include misclassification of savannas as forests at the mesic end of their range,disentangling the contribution of woody and herbaceous vegetation to aboveground biomass,and quantifying and mapping fuel ***,we review current(2010–present)research in the application of satellite remote sensing in savannas at regional and global *** identify emerging opportunities in satellite remote sensing that can help overcome existing *** provide recommendations on how these opportunities can be leveraged,specifically(1)the development of a conceptual framework that leads to a consistent definition of savannas in remote sensing;(2)improving mapping of savannas to include ecologically relevant information such as soil properties and fire activity;(3)exploiting high-resolution imagery provided by nanosatellites to better understand the role of landscape structure in ecosystem functioning;and(4)using novel approaches from artificial intelligence and machine learning in combination with multisource satellite observations,e.g.,multi-/hyperspectral,synthetic aperture radar(SAR),and light detection and ranging(lidar),and data on plant traits to infer potentially new relationships between biotic and abiotic components of savannas that can be either proven or disproven with targeted field experiments.

关键词： structure Remote lidar

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Sports activity patterns and cardio-metabolic health over time among adults in Germany: Results of a nationwide 12-year follow-up study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 439-446页

作者： Lars Gabrys Jens Baumert christin Heidemann Markus Busch Jonas David Finger University of Applied Sciences of Sport and Management 14471 PotsdamGermany Robert Koch Institute Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring12101 BerlinGermany

Background:Physical activity is favorable for health,and vigorous sports activity is particularly *** study investigates the association between changes in sports participation patterns over time and cardio-metabolic and self-perceived health ***:Data from 3752 adults(18-79 years of age)who participated in 2 national health interview and examination surveys in 1997-1999 and 2008-2011 were included,with a mean follow-up time of about 12 years.A change in self-reported sports activity was analyzed with respect to the incidence of type 2 diabetes,coronary heart disease(CHD),hypertension,obesity,dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and poor self-perceived *** with pre-existing disease or risk factor of interest at baseline were excluded from the *** sufficiently active in sports was specified as doing sports for at least 1-2 h per week,and 4 activity categories were defined:1)inactive at both time points(inactive-inactive),2)inactive at baseline and active at follow-up(inactive-active),3)active at baseline and inactive at follow-up(active-inactive),and 4)active at both time points(active-active).Associations between sports activity engagement and health outcomes were estimated by logistic regression models with different stages of ***:Not engaging in any regular sports activity at both time points(inactive-inactive)was associated with higher rates of type 2 diabetes(odds ratio(OR)=1.82,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.08-3.08),CHD(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.16-2.84),hypertension(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.03-1.81),metabolic syndrome(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.08-2.32),and poor self-perceived health(OR=2.54,95%CI:1.83-3.53)compared to doing regular sports for a minimum of 1-2 h per week over time(active-active).In case of change from inactivity to any regular sports activity(inactive-active),the rate of risk factor occurrence was not statistically different from the active-active reference group except for poor self-perceived health,but it wa

关键词： Cohort Epidemiology Non-communicable disease Physical activity Public health

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