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Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba Ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts christian mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow matthew F.Gary Ali m.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Can mouse models mimic sporadic Alzheimer’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 401-406页

作者： Bettina m.Foidl christian Humpel Laboratory of Psychiatry and Experimental Alzheimer’s Research Medical University of Innsbruck

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia *** age is the main risk factor,>97%of all AD cases are of sporadic origin,potentiated by various risk factors associated with life style and starting at an age>60 ***mutations in the amyloid precursor protein or Presenilins 1 or 2,and symptoms already start at an agemouse models are *** far many transgenic mouse models have been developed and used,with mutations in the APP or presenilin or combinations(3×Tg,5×Tg).However,such transgenic mouse models more likely mimic the genetic form of AD and no information can be given how sporadic forms *** risk genes,such as Apolipoprotein E4 and TREm-2 enhance the risk of sporadic AD,but also many risk factors associated with life style(e.g.,diabetes,hypercholesterolemia,stress)may play a *** this review we discuss the current situation regarding AD mouse models,and the problems to develop a sporadic mouse model of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease beta-amyloid cerebral amyloid angiopathy cognitive impairment sporadic and genetic mouse models tau vascular risk factors

Characterization of cytotoxicity of airborne particulates from urban areas of Lahore

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第11期24卷 2028-2034页

作者： Badar Ghauri m.mansha christian Khalil Institute of Space Technology Karachi 72500Pakistan School of Risk and Safety Sciences University of New South WalesAustralia

A number of species （organic and inorganic） in airborne particulates cause the toxicity to living being. The potential of in vitro test methods were explored for toxicity assessment of trace toxic elements （inorganic species） present in ambient air on human being （lungs）. A year long sampling of airborne particles （Pm2.5） was carded （April 2008 to march 2009） in Lahore, Pakistan. A total of thirty nine samples were collected on 47 mm Zefiuor Teflon filter membranes and each was analysed to characterize for the elements： Sb, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Co, Pb, mn, Hg using ICP-mS in water extract and total acid digestate. The samples cytotoxicity was also established using lung derived cells and mTS colorimetric assays. This generated dose response curves and IC50 values for the elemental mixtures identified on the Teflon filter membrane. The results indicated that even at low concentrations airborne elemental mixtures displayed an additive toxic effect.

关键词： particulate matter trace elements in vitro toxicity

Limb symmetry index in competitive alpine ski racers:Reference values and injury risk identification according to age-related performance levels

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 405-415页

作者： Lisa Steidl-müller Carolin Hildebrandt Erich müiller christian Fink christian Raschner Department of Sport Science University oflnnsbruekInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports medicine and Injury Prevention Institute of Psychology（ISAG）The Health ＆ Life Sciences University（UMIT）Innsbruck 6020Austria Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria Corresponding author.E-mail address：lisa.steidl-mueller@uibk.ac.at

Purpose： The aims of this study were to assess differences of limb symmetry index （LSI） in strength- and coordination-related tasks between high-level, competitive, noninjured ski racers of different age-related performance levels and to prospectively assess limb differences as a possible risk factor for traumatic and overuse injury in youth ski racers. methods： The study （Study 1） included 285 high-level competitive ski racers （125 females, 160 males） of 3 age-related performance levels and based on the school system： 95 youth （10-14 years, secondary modem school）, 107 adolescent （15-19 years, grammar school）, and 83 elite athletes （20-34 years）. To investigate the second aim （Study 2）, 67 of the 95 youth athletes were included and any traumatic or overuse injuries were prospectively recorded over 2 seasons. All athletes performed 4 unilateral tests （strength related： one-leg counter movement jump （OL-CmJ） and one-leg isometric/isokinetic press strength test （OL-ILS）; coordination related： one-leg stability test （OL-ST） and one-leg speedy jump test （OL-SJ））. The LSI was calculated by dividing the dominant leg by the nondominant leg and multiplying by 100. Kruskal-Wallis H tests and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results： There were significant differences between the LSI of the 3 age-related performance-level groups only in the strength-related tests： the OL-CmJ （X^2（2, 285） = 9.09; p = 0.01） and the OL-ILS （X^2（2,285） = 14.79; p 〈 0.01）. The LSI for OL-ILS was found to be a significant risk factor for traumatic injury in youth ski racers （Wald = 7.08; p 〈 0.01）. No significant risk factors were found for overuse injuries. Conclusion： Younger athletes display slightly greater LSI values only in the strength-related tests. The cut-off value of limb differences of 〈 10% for return to sport decisions seems to be appropriate for elite athletes, but for youth and adolescent athletes it has to be critically discussed. It seems to be necessary to defi

关键词： Age-related performance levels Alpine ski racing Injury risk Limb differences Youth athletes

Wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for progressing cavity pumps with deformable stator

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1346-1353页

作者： Jens müller Sebastian Leonow Johannes Schulz christian Hansen martin monnigmann Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Universit atsstraûe 150Bochum44801Germany SEEPEX GmbH Scharnh olzstraûe 344Bottrop46240Germany

This contribution presents a novel wear dependent virtual flow rate sensor for single stage single lobe progressing cavity pumps. We study the wear-induced material loss of the pump components and the impact of this material loss on the volumetric efficiency. The results are combined with an established backflow model to implement a backflow calculation procedure that is adaptive to wear. We use a laboratory test setup with a highly abrasive fluid and operate a pump from new to worn condition to validate our approach. The obtained measurement data show that the presented virtual sensor is capable of calculating the flow rate of a pump being subject to wear during its regular operation.

关键词： Backflow Progressing cavity pump Virtual sensor Wear

Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories of black holes from the quantization of the Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第9期75卷 122-135页

作者： christian Corda SUNY Polytechnic Institute 13502 UticaNew YorkUSAIstituto Livi59100 PratoTuscanyItaly and International Institute for Applicable Mathematics and Information SciencesB M Birla Science CentreAdarshnagarHyderabad 500063India

The Schrodinger equation of the Schwarzschild black hole(BH) has been recently derived by the author and collaborators. The BH is composed of a particle, the 'electron', interacting with a central field, the 'nucleus'. Via de Broglie's hypothesis, one interprets the 'electron' in terms of BH horizon's modes. Quantum gravity effects modify the BH semi-classical structure at the Schwarzschild scale rather than at the Planck scale. The analogy between this BH Schrodinger equation and the Schrodinger equation of the s states of the hydrogen atom permits us to solve the same equation. The quantum gravitational quantities analogous of the fine structure constant and of the Rydberg constant are not constants, but the dynamical quantities have well-defined discrete spectra. The spectrum of the 'gravitational fine structure constant' is the set of non-zero natural numbers. Therefore, BHs are well-defined quantum gravitational systems obeying Schrodinger's theory: the 'gravitational hydrogen atoms'. By identifying the potential energy in the BH Schrodinger equation as being the gravitational energy of a spherically symmetric shell, a different nature of the quantum BH seems to surface. BHs are self-interacting, highly excited,spherically symmetric, massive quantum shells generated by matter condensing on the apparent horizon, concretely realizing the membrane paradigm. The quantum BH described as a'gravitational hydrogen atom' is a fictitious mathematical representation of the real, quantum BH, a quantum massive shell having a radius equal to the oscillating gravitational *** consequences emerge from this result:(i) BHs have neither horizons nor singularities;(ii) there is neither information loss in BH evaporation, nor BH complementarity, nor firewall paradox. These results are consistent with previous ones by Hawking, Vaz, mitra and ***, the special relativistic corrections to the BH Schrodinger equation give the BH Klein–Gordon equation and the cor

关键词： quantum black holes information paradox quantum shells quantum levels Schrodinger and Klein-Gordon theories

Influence of humidity on conduction processes in gas-insulated devices

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High Voltage 2020年第2期5卷 143-150页

作者： malte Tschentscher David Graber christian m.Franck High Voltage Laboratory ETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland

Humidity has been considered as one of the main influencing factors that determine the conduction processes and electric strength of gas-insulated *** in the past,various studies focused on the change in the partial discharge inception voltages,breakdown strength of homogeneous and inhomogeneous field arrangements,and insulator flashover voltage,recent studies have investigated the changes in ion currents measured through different gas *** the framework of this contribution,a highly precise humidity control circuit has been developed to analyse the significance of humidity in the range from−25 to−5°C frost-point,which is fully applicable to operating gas-insulated *** sulphur hexafluoride(SF6)as the insulation gas at 0.45 mPa,Al2O3-filled epoxy resin insulators,and technically rough electrodes,the humidity was found to significantly influence the intensity of microdischarges at *** generation from microdischarges at the interfaces substantially increased with increasing *** an electric field of 5 kV/mm that were applicable to the dimensioning of gas-insulated devices,humidity strongly influences the charge provision from technically rough interfaces and potentially contributes to the surface-charge accumulation at insulator *** the other hand,for low-field conduction phenomena,no increase in the ion currents from natural ionisation or electrophoretic conduction was *** the investigated range of parameters,humidity is expected to be highly relevant for the design of gas-insulated devices.

关键词： conduction humidity sulphur

Catalyst-and solvent-free,thermal generation of microporous polymer networks

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第8期60卷 1103-1106页

作者： christian widling michael forster venkata m.suresh ullrich scherf Bergische Universitdt Wuppertal Macromolecular Chemistry Group （buwmakro） and Institute for Polymer Technology D-42119 Wuppertal Germany

multifunctional iodoaryl monomers were used for the catalyst- and solvent-free generation of microporous polymer networks of high surface areas up to 732mEg-1. The thermal conversion of the monomers relies on the homolytic cleavage of weak iodine-carbon bonds followed by a C-C coupling of the radicalic intermediates. By using tri- or tetrafunctional monomers and by tuning reaction temperature and time, the optimum reaction conditions allow the formation of the corresponding microporous networks in good yields of 71%-86%. The resulting networks exhibit notable high CO2 and H2 adsorption capacities of up to 8.89 wt% （273K, 1 bar） and up to 1.31 wt% （77K, 1 bar）, respectively.

关键词： microporous polymer networks thermal generation gas uptake

Regime dynamics of hydrochemical and toxicological parameters of the Irtysh River in Kazakhstan

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第4期8卷 521-532页

作者： Diana m BURLIBAYEVA malik Zh BURLIBAYEV christian OPP BAO Anming Department of Water Resources and Land Reclamation Kazakh National Agrarian UniversityAlmaty 050010Kazakhstan Kazakhstan Agency of Applied Ecology Almaty 050012Kazakhstan Department Hydrology&Soil Science Faculty of GeographyPhilipps UniversityMarburg 35032Germany Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Since the Irtysh River flows through the important economic, ecological and social territories of China, Kazakhstan and Russia, the water quality issues growingly draw the attention of the water authorities from these countries. Therefore, a detailed study of the hydrochemical regime and toxicological indicators in Kazakhstan was carried out for understanding the regime dynamics of water quality and its affect factors. The combined assessment of maximum permissible concentration （mPC） of chemical components and biotesting method were proposed and performed for the study area. The results clearly showed that the concentrations of single chemical component at different locations are mostly under mPC standard in a basin scale. However, the watershed surface runoff and tributary stream flow from mining industry areas had high concentration of heavy metals and had significant impact on the water quality near Ust-Kamenogorsk. Furthermore, even the stream water generally meet mPC standard, the results of biotesting method show the toxicity level of water sample is lethal for the test objects of phytoplankton and Daphnia. The survival rates of most water samples are lower than 46.7%. Hereby, this study strongly suggests using combined water assessment methods to evaluate the water quality.

关键词： hydrochemistry biotesting method Irtysh River Kazakhstan