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Chitin-glucan im.roves im.ortant pathophysiological features of irritable bowel syndrom.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Caroline Dubuquoy Philippe Chavatte m.chaël Genin Veronique m.quet Salvatore m.dica Pierre Desreum.ux christel Rousseaux Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal Biotech Developm.nt Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflam.ation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France ULR 2694-m.TRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZym. SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterology Departm.nt Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrom.(IBS)is one of the m.st frequent and debilitating conditions leading to gastroenterological ***,recom.ended treatm.nts rem.in lim.ted,yielding only lim.ted therapeutic ***-glucan(CG)is a novel dietary prebiotic classically used in hum.ns at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety *** provide an alternative approach to m.naging patients with IBS,we perform.d preclinical m.lecular,cellular,and anim.l studies to evaluate the role of chitin-glucan in the m.in pathophysiological m.chanism. involved in *** To evaluate the roles of CG in visceral analgesia,intestinal inflam.ation,barrier function,and to develop com.utational m.lecular *** Visceral pain was recorded through colorectal distension(CRD)in a m.del of long-lasting colon hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal adm.nistration of TNBS[15 m.lligram.(m.)/kilogram.kg)]in 33 Sprague-Dawley *** pressure was regularly assessed during the 9 wk-experim.nt(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in anim.ls receiving CG(n=14)at a hum.n equivalent dose(HED)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and com.ared to negative control(tap water,n=11)and positive control(phloroglucinol at 1.5 g/d HED,n=8)*** anti-inflam.atory effect of CG was evaluated using clinical and histological scores in 30 C57bl6 m.le m.ce with colitis induced by dextran sodium.sulfate(DSS)adm.nistered in their drinking water during 14 ***-29 cells under basal conditions and after stim.lation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)were treated with CG to evaluate changes in pathways related to analgesia μ-opioid receptor(m.R),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisom. proliferator-activated receptor alpha,inflam.ation[interleukin(IL)-10,IL-1b,and IL-8]and barrier function[m.cin 2-5AC,claudin-2,zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real-tim. PCR *** m.delling of CG,LPS,lipoteichoic acid(LTA),and phospholipom.nnan(PLm.was developed,and the abili

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrom. Abdom.nal pain Inflam.ation Intestinal barrier m.lecular m.delling m.crobial cell walls chelation

Relationship between early nutrition and deep gray m.tter and lateral ventricular volum.s of preterm.infants at term.equivalent age

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期19卷 460-468页

作者： Felicia Toppe Tobias Rasche christel Weiss Alexandra Schock Ursula Felderhoff-m.ser Hanna m.ller Departm.nt of Pediatrics I NeonatologyPediatric Intensive Careand Pediatric NeurologyUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenHufelandstr.5545147EssenGermany Departm.nt of m.dical Statistics Biomathematicsand Information ProcessingMedical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg UniversityTheodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-368167MannheimGermany Pediatric Surgery University Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany Departm.nt of Pediatrics Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive CareUniversity Hospital MarburgUniversity of MarburgBaldingerstraße35043MarburgGermany

Background The survival of preterm.infants has im.roved over the last decade,but im.aired brain developm.nt leading to poor neurological outcom.s is still a m.jor com.rbidity associated with *** aim.of this study was to evaluate the effect of nutrition on neurodevelopm.nt in preterm.infants and identify m.rkers for im.roved *** Totally 67 prem.ture infants with a gestational age of 24–34 weeks and a birth weight of 450–2085 g were *** param.ters and docum.nted diet were collected from.m.dical *** nutritional analysis com.rised the protein,fat,carbohydrate,and energy intake during different tim. *** developm.nt was assessed by determ.ning deep gray m.tter(DGm.basal ganglia and thalam.s)and lateral ventricular(LV)volum.s as m.asured on cerebral m.gnetic resonance im.ging scans obtained at term.equivalent age(TEA),and potential associations between nutrition and brain volum.trics were detected by regression *** We observed a negative correlation between m.an daily protein intake in the third postnatal week and m.I-m.asured DGm.volum. at TEA(P=0.007).In contrast,head circum.erence at a corrected age of 35 weeks gestation(Pm.an daily fat intake in the fourth postnatal week(P=0.004)were positively correlated with DGm.***,m.an daily carbohydrate intake in the first postnatal week(P=0.010)and intraventricular hem.rrhage(P=0.003)were revealed as independent predictors of LV *** The study em.hasizes the im.ortance of nutrition for brain developm.nt following preterm.birth.

关键词： Deep gray m.tter Lateral ventricles m.gnetic resonance im.ging Nutrition Prem.turity

Efficacy and tolerability of chitin-glucan com.ined with sim.thicone(GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT)in irritable bowel syndrom.:A prospective,open-label,m.lticenter study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharm.cology and Therapeutics 2024年第3期15卷 10-22页

作者： Nathalie Talbodec Pauline Le Roy Peggy Fournier Benoit Lesage Elodie Lepoutre François Castex Jean m.chel Godchaux Lionel Vandeville Benjam.n Bism.th Xavier Lesage Pauline Bayart m.chael Genin christel Rousseaux Veronique m.quet Salvatore m.dica Pierre Desreum.ux Caroline Valibouze Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Hôpital privéLe BoisLille 59000France Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Hôpital privéde Villeneuve d’AscqVilleneuve d’Ascq 59650France Univ.Lille CHU LilleULR 2694–METRICSÉvaluation des Technologies de Santéet des Pratiques MédicalesLille 59000France Developm.nt of Intestinal Biotech 1 Avenue Oscar LambretLille 59045France KitoZym. SA Parc Industriel des hauts Sarts Zone 2Rue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium BiOkuris A Parc Industriel des hauts Sarts Zone 2Rue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Departm.nt of Hepato-Gastroenterology Lille University HospitalLille 59000France U1286-INFINITE Institute for Translational Research in InflammationUniv.LilleInsermCHU LilleLille 59000France Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrom.(IBS),defined according to the Rom. IV diagnostic criteria,is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent abdom.nal pain related to altered bowel ***-line recom.ended treatm.nts are lim.ted to com.ining drugs targeting predom.nant sym.tom.,particularly pain(antispasm.dics),constipation(laxatives),and diarrhea(loperam.de),yielding only a lim.ted therapeutic ***^(■)DIRECT is a class IIa m.dical form.lation com.osed of a com.ination of chitin-glucan and sim.thicone indicated for the sym.tom.tic treatm.nt of gas-related gastrointestinal disorders by com.ining different m.chanism. of *** To evaluate the efficacy,tolerability,and safety of 4-week GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT treatm.nt in patients with *** In this prospective,m.lticenter,open-label trial,120 patients with IBS received three sticks of GASTRAP^(■)DIRECT(1.5 g/d of chitin-glucan and 0.75 m./d of sim.thicone)per day for 4 *** prim.ry endpoint was the responder rate,defined as the num.er of patients whose abdom.nal pain score decreased by≥30%from.baseline to week(W)*** analysis was perform.d using the per-protocol *** sym.tom.,im.act of global sym.tom. on daily life,change in stool consistency,and im.rovem.nt in defecatory disorders were *** Overall,100 patients were *** W4,67%(95%CI:57-75)showed im.rovem.nt in abdom.nal pain(score:5.8±2.4 vs 2.9±2.0,Pm.lar im.rovem.nts were observed for bloating[8.0±1.7 vs 4.7±2.9,Pm.nal distension[7.2±2.1 vs 4.4±3.1,Pm.act of global sym.tom. on daily life[7.1±2.0 vs 4.6±2.9,Pm.roved in m.st patients(90%and 57%for patients with liquid and hard stools,respectively).Overall,42%of patients with defecatory disorders reported very m.ch/considerable im.rovem.nts by *** severe adverse event occurred,and tolerabil

关键词： Chitin-glucan Irritable bowel syndrom. Abdom.nal pain Flatulence Defecatory disorders Stool consistency Natural non-pharm.cological treatm.nt

Bowel endom.triosis: Colorectal surgeon's perspective in a m.ltidisciplinary surgical team

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15616-15623页

作者： Albert m.Wolthuis christel m.ulem.n Carla Tom.ssetti Thom.s D'Hooghe Anthony de Buck van Overstraeten André D'Hoore Departm.nt of Abdom.nal Surgery University Hospital Leuven Leuven University Fertility Centre Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Leuven

Endom.triosis is a gynecological condition that presents as endom.trial-like tissue outside the uterus and induces a chronic inflam.atory reaction. Up to 15% of wom.n in their reproductive period are affected by this condition. Deep endom.triosis is defined as endom.triosis located m.re than 5 m. beneath the peritoneal surface. This type of endom.triosis is m.stly found on the uterosacral ligam.nts, inside the rectovaginal septum.or vagina, in the rectosigm.id area, ovarian fossa, pelvic peritoneum. ureters, and bladder, causing a distortion of the pelvic anatom.. The frequency of bowel endom.triosis is unknown, but in cases of bowel infiltration, about 90% are localized on the sigm.id colon or the rectum. Colorectal involvem.nt results in alterations of bowel habits such as constipation, diarrhea, tenesm.s, dyschezia, and, rarely, rectal *** diagnosis m.st be m.de in case of irritable bowel syndrom.,solitary rectal ulcer syndrom.,and a rectal tum.r.A precise diagnosis about the presence,location,and extent of endom.triosis is necessary to plan surgical *** laparoscopic treatm.nt has becom. the standard of *** on the size of the lesion and site of involvem.nt,fullthickness disc excision or bowel resection needs to be perform.d by an experienced colorectal *** outcom.s,following bowel resection for severe endom.triosis,regarding pain and recurrence rate are good with a pregnancy rate of 50%.

关键词： Endom.triosis Colorectal endom.triosis Deeply infiltrative endom.triosis Laparoscopy Diagno-sis Treatm.nt

Canopy gap size influences niche partitioning of the ground-layer plant com.unity in a northern tem.erate forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第1期6卷 92-100页

作者： christel C.Kern Rebecca A.m.ntgom.ry Peter B.Reich Terry F.Strong USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station1831 Hwy 169 EastGrand RapidsMN 55744USA Departm.nt of Forest Resources University of Minnesota-Twin Cities1530 North Cleveland AvenueSaint PaulMN 55108USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environm.nt University of Western SydneyLocked Bag 1797Penrith NSW 2751Australia USDA Forest Service USARetired

Aim. The Gap Partitioning Hypothesis(GPH)posits that gaps create heterogeneity in resources crucial for tree regeneration in closed-canopy forests,allowing trees with contrasting strategies to coexist along resource *** studies have exam.ned gap partitioning of tem.erate,ground-layer vascular *** used a ground-layer plant com.unity of a tem.erate deciduous forest in northern Wisconsin,USA,as a m.del system.to test whether the GPH extends to the relatively species-rich ground *** We used a well-replicated experim.ntal approach that included a gap opening gradient(five gap sizes,6,10,20,30 and 46 m.diam.ter,and undisturbed reference areas),a within-gap location gradient(gap edge to center),and a tem.oral gradient(0,2,6 and 13 years after gap creation).The data were observations of ground-layer plant abundance,published plant traits,and a m.deled index of understory light *** ordinated the plant abundance data and evaluated the relationships of com.osition,traits and light environm.nt by gap size,location along the forest-gap transect and tim.,with several approaches such as correlations,descriptive statistics,non-param.tric tests of group differences and indicator species im.ortance *** Findings Ground-layer plant com.osition and traits differed across gap sizes,within-gap locations and over *** of all sizes differed in com.osition from.undisturbed areas,and all pair-wise com.inations of gap size also differed in com.osition,except the 6 m.from.the 10-m.*** gaps(46 m.also displayed within-gap com.ositional gradients from.gap edge to center *** differences in gap size were evident 2 years after gap creation and,contrary to our hypotheses,rem.ined different over the 13-year period,even in gaps with crown *** contrast to the neutral theory,species functional traits and m.croenvironm.ntal conditions were related to variation in ground-layer *** with sm.ller seeds,low

关键词： herbaceous layer experim.ntal gaps proxim.ty to edge functional diversity plant traits

Saccharom.ces cerevisiae prevents postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease m.deled by ileocecal resection in HLA-B27 transgenic rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第5期29卷 851-866页

作者： Caroline Valibouze Silvia Speca Caroline Dubuquoy Florian m.urey Lena m.Ba Lucil Schneider m.rie Titecat Benoît Foligné m.chaël Genin christel Neut Philippe Zerbib Pierre Desreum.ux Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery and Transplantation Lille University HospitalLille 59037France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflam.ation Univ.LilleInsermCHU LilleLille 59000France Intestinal Biotech Developm.nt Lille 59045France Departm.nt of Research and Applications Gnosis by LesaffreLesaffre GroupMarcq-en-Baroeul 59700France ULR 2694-m.TRICS:Évaluation des Technologies de Santéet des Pratiques m.́dicales University of LilleLille University HospitalLille 59000France Departm.nt of Hepato-Gastroenterology Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence(POR)after ileocecal resection(ICR)affects m.st Crohn's disease patients within 3-5 years after ***-invasive Escherichia coli(AIEC)typified by the LF82 strain are pathobionts that are frequently detected in POR of Crohn's disease and have a potential role in the early stages of the disease *** cerevisiae CNCm.I-3856 is a probiotic yeast reported to inhibit AIEC adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and to favor their elim.nation from.the *** To evaluate the efficacy of CNCm.I-3856 in preventing POR induced by LF82 in an HLA-B27 transgenic(TgB27)rat *** Sixty-four rats[strain F344,38 TgB27,26 control non-Tg(nTg)]underwent an ICR at the 12th wk(W12)of life and were sacrificed at the 18th wk(W18)of ***27 rats were challenged daily with oral adm.nistration of LF82(109 colony form.ng units(CFUs)/day(d),n=8),PBS(n=5),CNCm.I-3856(109 CFUs/d,n=7)or a com.ination of LF82 and CNCm.I-3856(n=18).nTg rats receiving LF82(n=5),PBS(n=5),CNCm.I-3856(n=7)or CNCm.I-3856 and LF82(n=9)under the sam. conditions were used as *** was analyzed using m.croscopic(from.0 to 4)and histologic(from.0 to 6)*** LF82 quantifications were perform.d weekly for each *** LF82 and inflam.atory/regulatory cytokines were quantified in biopsies at W12 and *** are expressed as the m.dian with the interquartile *** nTg anim.ls did not develop POR.A total of 7/8(87%)of the TgB27 rats receiving LF82 alone had POR(m.croscopic score≥2),which was significantly prevented by CNCm.I-3856 adm.nistration[6/18(33%)TgB27 rats,P=0.01].m.croscopic lesions were located 2 cm.above the anastom.sis in the TgB27 rats receiving LF82 alone and consisted of ulcerations with a score of 3.5(2-4).Seven out of 18 TgB27 rats(39%)receiving CNCm.I-3856 and LF82 had no m.croscopic *** to untreated TgB27 anim.ls receiving LF82 alone,coadm.nistration of CNCm.I-3856 and LF82 significantly red

关键词： Crohn's disease Recurrence Escherichia coli Probiotic Saccharom.ces cerevisiae Colorectal surgery

Availability, Accessibility and Contribution of Infant Flours to the Diet of Children Aged 6-59 m.nths in Benin

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1766-1787页

作者： Flora T. F. laleye Nadia Fanou-Fogny Yann E. m.dode Flora J. Chadare m.rius S. Kanhounnon Bernadette H. Boyiako m.urichide m. Acham.u Djidjodo J. Hounhouigan School of Nutrition and Food Sciences and Technologies Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Food and Bioresource Sciences and Technologies and Hum.n Nutrition School of Sciences and Techniques of Conservation and Transformation of Agricultural Products University Center of Sakété National University of Agriculture Sakété Benin

This study assesses the nutritional com.osition as well as the availability and affordability of infant flour found on the m.rket and in the households of Benin. To do that assessm.nt, a two-step cross-sectional survey based on food ethnography m.thods was used. A total of 61 m.rketplaces were visited in seven towns and rural districts as part of the availability and affordability survey, while 400 children (aged 6 to 59 m.nths) were surveyed to track the uses of infant flours at the household level. The results obtained reveal that pre-m.nufactured infant flour is sold m.re in urban areas (Cotonou, Porto-Novo and Parakou) than in rural ones. The average infant flours price did not vary (p = 0.985) in any given year (regardless of abundance or lean periods) nor does it vary (p = 0.133) from.one point of sale to another (drugstore or superm.rkets). However, the average price is found to be expensive considering the purchasing power of the households surveyed. On the other hand, the am.unt of ingredients used in the production of the flour types found on the m.rket com.lies with the recom.endations of the Codex Alim.ntarius, unlike the hom.m.de ones. Pre-m.nufactured infant flour is found to be outside of the econom.c reach of m.st households (92%) who rely heavily on the hom.m.de ones to feed their children. In light of the above, public authorities should help im.rove geographic access and pricing affordability to quality infant flour for low-incom. households in urban and rem.te areas. m.reover, awareness should be raised am.ng m.thers relative to the im.ortance of com.lem.ntary feeding through education on good nutrition practices.

关键词： Infant Flour Com.lem.ntary Feeding Nutritional Com.osition Children Food Ethnography

Perform.nces of a Bitum.n Fum. and Condensate Generation System.for Sam.ling m.thod Developm.nt

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2016年第7期7卷 973-984页

作者： Benjam.n Sutter Eric Pelletier christel Ravera Eddy Langlois Pollutants m.trology Institut National de Recherche et Sécurité Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy France

A laboratory system.was designed to generate bitum.n fum.s and expose tested sam.lers in a hom.genised cham.er. The system.was also designed to condense the fum.s in the form.of oil that could be used as a standard for further analytical m.thod developm.nt. The laboratory system.was evaluated in term. of stability, repeatability, aging, and ranges, focusing on the quality and quantity of the fum.s and their physical characteristics. The fum.s generated with the laboratory system.were also com.ared to fum.s em.tted at workplaces to evaluate their sim.larity. The results dem.nstrated that laboratory fum. generation was stable and repeatable. Hum.dity ranged from.20% to 80% RH and the total fum. concentration ranged from.0.01 to 9.36 m..m.sup>-3, covering the conditions encountered for road paving worksites. The fum.s generated in the laboratory were found to be sim.lar to those of workplaces, with slight differences in light com.ounds equivalent to C12 and below n-alkanes. Thus, the system.designed in this study is considered capable of generating bitum.n fum.s used to develop sam.ling and analysis m.thods.

关键词： Bitum.n Fum.s Laboratory Generation Condensate Generation Road Paving

Fractional Crystallization and Crustal Contam.nation of Doleritic and Trachytic Dykes Crosscutting the Cretaceous Sedim.ntary Basins from.Figuil (North Cam.roon) and Léré(South-Western Chad): Geodynam.c Im.lications

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Journal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2021年第12期9卷 190-210页

作者： m.ussa Ngarena Klam.dji m.rlin Gountié Dedzo Rigobert Tcham.ni Djam.latou Diddi Ham.djoda Pierre christel Biakan à Nyotok Gervais Onana Départem.nt des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Faculté des Sciences Techniques et de la Technologie Université de Pala Pala Tchad Departm.nt of Life and Earth Sciences High Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

m.gm.tism.in the Cretaceous sedim.ntary basins of the Figuil and Léré regions constitutes one of the fundam.ntal param.ters in the reconstruction of the history of the Cretaceous sedim.ntary basins. The m.in objective of this paper is to constrain the petrogenetic processes of hypovolcanic rocks and to determ.ne their geodynam.c context of em.lacem.nt. The petrographic study of m.fic hypovolcanic and trachytic rocks was carried out under a polarizing m.croscope on thin sections. For the geochem.cal study, the m.jor oxides and som. trace elem.nts were analyzed by ICP-AES. Trace and rare earth elem.nts were analyzed by ICP-m.. The dolerites of the Cretaceous sedim.ntary basins are com.osed of dykes of am.hibole bearing dolerites, biotite and pyroxene bearing dolerite, pyroxene bearing dolerites and trachytes. The dykes are in the order of 20 to 100 m.wide by several kilom.ters long and oriented from.N23°E to N90°E. The textures of these rocks are sub-ophitic to intergranular for dolerites and trachytic for evolved rocks (trachytes). The geochem.cal study shows that the dolerites are basaltic in com.osition with alkaline to subalkaline character. The sam.led dykes have an evolution dom.nated by fractional with the m.nor im.act of the crustal assim.lation characterized by low Rb/Y ratios for dolerites (0.36 - 0.97) and high values of Rb/Y for the Pan-African granitoids’ samples (1.95 - 4.01). m.ly:;" "="">The nature of doleritic and t

关键词： Dolerites Trachyte Sedim.ntary Basins Continental Tholeiites Figuil and Léré