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Pilot study of atomoxetine in patients with Parkinson’s disease and dopa-unresponsive Freezing of Gait

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2015年第1期4卷 205-208页

作者： Gonzalo j.Revuelta Aaron Embry jordan j.Elm chris Gregory Amy Delambo Steve Kautz Vanessa K.Hinson Movement Disorders Division Department of NeurologyCollege of MedicineMedical University of South Carolina208B Rutledge AvenueMSC 108CharlestonSC 29425USA Department of Health Sciences and Research Center for Rehabilitation Research in Neurological ConditionsCollege of Health ProfessionsMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Public Health Sciences College of MedicineMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425USA Ralph H.johnson VA Medical Center CharlestonSCUSA

Background:Freezing of gait(FoG)is a common and debilitating condition in Parkinson’s disease(PD)associated with executive dysfunction.A subtype of FoG does not respond to dopaminergic therapy and may be related to noradrenergic *** pilot study explores the effects of atomoxetine on gait in PD patients with dopaunresponsive FoG using a novel paradigm for objective gait ***:Ten patients with PD and dopa-unresponsive FoG were enrolled in this eight-week open label pilot *** included an exploratory gait analysis protocol that quantified spatiotemporal parameters during straight-away walking and turning,while performing a dual ***,and subjective assessments of gait,quality of life,and safety were also *** primary outcome was a validated subjective assessment for FoG(FOG-Q).Atomoxetine was well tolerated,however,no significant change was observed in the primary *** gait analysis protocol correlated well with clinical scales,but not with subjective *** patients were more likely to increase gait velocity(p=0.033),and improved in other clinical ***:Objective gait analysis protocols assessing gait while dual tasking are feasible and useful for this patient population,and may be superior correlates of FoG severity than subjective *** findings can inform future trials in this population.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Freezing of gait Noradrenaline Atomoxetine Dopa-response

Increased hepcidin expression in colorectal carcinogenesis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第9期14卷 1339-1345页

作者： Douglas G Ward Keith Roberts Matthew j Brookes Howard joy Ashley Martin Tariq Ismail Robert Spychal Tariq Iqbal chris Tselepis CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2THUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate whether the iron stores regulator hepcidin is implicated in colon cancer-associated anae- mia and whether it might have a role in colorectal car- cinogenesis. METHODS: Mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS and SELDI-TOF MS) was employed to measure hepcidin in urine collected from 56 patients with colorectal cancer. Quantitative Real Time RT-PCR was utilised to determine hepcidin mRNA expression in colorectal cancer tissue. Hepcidin cellular localisation was determined using im- munohistochemistry. RESULTS: We demonstrate that whilst urinary hepcidin expression was not correlated with anaemia it was posi- tively associated with increasing T-stage of colorectal cancer (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we report that hepcidin mRNA is expressed in 34% of colorectal cancer tissue specimens and was correlated with ferroportin repres- sion. This was supported by hepcidin immunoreactivity in colorectal cancer tissue. CONCLUSION: We demonstrate that systemic hepcidin expression is unlikely to be the cause of the systemic anaemia associated with colorectal cancer. However, we demonstrate for the first time that hepcidin is expressed by colorectal cancer tissue and that this may represent a novel oncogenic signalling mechanism.

关键词： Iron Hepcidin Colon Cancer Anaemia Mass spectrometry

Using the Correlation Criterion to Position and Shape RBF Units for Incremental Modelling

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International journal of Automation and computing 2006年第4期3卷 392-403页

作者： chris j.Harris School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1Bj UK

A novel technique is proposed for the incremental construction of sparse radial basis function （RBF） networks. The correlation between an RBF regressor and the training data is used as the criterion to position and shape the RBF node, and it is shown that this is equivalent to incrementally minimise the modelling mean square error. A guided random search optimisation method, called the repeated weighted boosting search, is adopted to append RBF nodes one by one in an incremental regression modelling procedure. The experimental results obtained using the proposed method demonstrate that it provides a viable alternative to the existing state-of-the-art modelling techniques for constructing parsimonious RBF models that generalise well.

关键词： Correlation optimisation radial basis function network regression sparse modelling

Retrospective analysis of old-age colitis in the Dutch inflammatory bowel disease population

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第20期14卷 3183-3187页

作者： Muhammed Hadithi Marcel Cazemier Gerrit A Meijer Elisabeth Bloemena Richel j Felt-Bersma chris j Mulder Stephan GM Meuwissen Amado Salvador Pea Adriaan A van Bodegraven Department of Gastroenterology VUmcUniversity Medical Center Department of Pathology VUmc University MedicalCenter

AIM： To describe the characteristics of Dutch patients with *** bowel disease （IBD） first diagnosed above 60 years of age-a disease also known as old-age colitis （OAC） and to highlight a condition that has a similar appearance to IBD, namely segmen- tal colitis associated with diverticular disease （SCAD）. METHODS： A retrospective longitudinal survey of patient demographic and clinical characteristics, disease characteristics, diagnostic methods, management and course of disease was performed. The median follow-up period was 10 years. RESULTS： Of a total of 1100 IBD patients attending the Department of Gastroenterology, 59 （50） [median age 82 years （range 64-101）; 25 male （42%）] were identified. These patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis （n = 37, 61%）, Crohn＇s disease （n = 14, 24%）, and indeterminate colitis （n = 8, 15%）. Remission was induced in 40 （68%） patients within a median interval of 6 mo （range 1-21） and immunosuppressive therapy was well tolerated. Histological evaluation based on many biopsy samples and the course of the disease led to other diagnosis, namely SCAD instead of IBD in five （8%） patients. CONCLUSION： OAC is not an infrequent problem for the gastroenterologist, and should be considered in the evaluation of older patients with clinical features suggestive of IBD. Extra awareness and extensive biopsy sampling are required in order to avoid an erroneous diagnosis purely based on histological mimicry of changes seen in SCAD, when diagnosing IBD in the presence of diverticulosis coli.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Old-age colitis Segmental colitis

Phosphate Glass Fibre Composites for Bone Repair

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journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第4期6卷 318-323页

作者： Andrew j.Parsons Ifty Ahmed Papia Haque Ben Fitzpatrick Muhammad I.K.Niazi Gavin S.Walker chris D.Rudd Division of Materials Mechanics & StructuresFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG7 2RDUK

We investigate high-modulus degradable materials intended to replace metals in biomedical *** are typically composites comprising a polylactide(PLA)matrix reinforced with phosphate glass fibres,which provide reinforcement similar to E-glass but are entirely degradable in water to produce,principally,calcium *** have made composites using a variety of fibre architectures,from non-woven random mats to unidirectional fibre *** properties in the region of 30 GPa modulus and 350 MPa strength have been achieved-directly comparable to quoted values for human cortical *** collaboration with other groups we have begun to consider the development of foamed systems with structures mimicking cancellous bone and this has shown significant *** fibres in these foamed structures provide improved creep resistance and reinforcement of the pore *** date the materials have exhibited excellent cellular responses in vitro and further studies are due to include consideration of the surface character of the materials and the influence of this on cell interaction, both with the composites and the glass fibres themselves,which show promise as a standalone porous scaffold.

关键词： biocomposites phosphate glass PLA porous bone repair

Maintenance of Species Differences in Closely Related Tetraploid Parasitic Euphrasia (Orobanchaceae) on an Isolated Island

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Plant Communications 2020年第6期1卷 85-99页

作者： Hannes Becher Max R.Brown Gavin Powell chris Metherell Nick j.Riddifordand Alex D.Twyford University of Edinburgh School of Biological SciencesInstitute of Evolutionary BiologyCharlotte Auerbach RoadEdinburgh EH93FLUK Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland 4 High Firs CrescentHarpendenHertfordshire AL51NAUK Schoolton Fair IsleShetland ZE29JUUK

Polyploidy is pervasive in angiosperm evolution and plays important roles in adaptation and ***,polyploid groups are understudied due to complex sequence homology,challenging genome assembly,and taxonomic ***,we study adaptive divergence in taxonomically complex eyebrights(Euphrasia),where recent divergence,phenotypic plasticity,and hybridization blur species *** focus on three closely related tetraploid species with contrasting ecological preferences that are sympatric on Fair Isle,a small isolated island in the British *** a common garden experiment,we show a genetic component to the morphological differences present between these *** wholegenome sequencing and a novel k-mer approach we call“Tetmer”,we demonstrate that the species are of allopolyploid origin,with a sub-genome divergence of approximately 5%.Using2 million SNPs,we show sub-genome homology across species,with a very low sequence divergence characteristic of recent *** genetic variation is broadly structured by species,with clear divergence of Fair Isle heathland Euphrasia micrantha,while grassland Euphrasia arctica and coastal Euphrasia foulaensis are more closely ***,we show that tetraploid Euphrasia is a system of allopolyploids of postglacial species divergence,where adaptation to novel environments may be conferred by old variants rearranged into new genetic lineages.

关键词： incipient speciation k-mer spectrum allopolyploidy tetraploid divergence with gene flow taxonomic complexity

Effect of B vitamin supplementation on plasma homocysteine levels in celiac disease

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第8期15卷 955-960页

作者： Muhammed Hadithi chris jj Mulder Frank Stam joshan Azizi j Bart A Crusius Amado Salvador Pea Coen DA Stehouwer Yvo M Smulders Department of Gastroenterology VUmc University Medical Center Amsterdam PO Box 7057 Amsterdam 1007 MB The Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine VUmc University Medical Center Amsterdam PO Box 7057 Amsterdam 1007 MB The Netherlands Laboratory of Immunogenetics Department of Pathology VUmc University Medical Center Amsterdam PO Box 7057 Amsterdam 1007 MB The Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Academic Hospital Maastricht P. Debyelaan 25 6229 HX Maastricht The Netherlands

AIM: To investigate the effect of vitamin supplements on homocysteine levels in patients with celiac disease. METHODS: Vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and fasting plasma homocysteine levels were measured in 51 consecutive adults with celiac disease [median (range) age 56 (18-63) years; 40% men, 26 (51%) had villous atrophy, and 25 (49%) used B-vitamin supplements] and 50 healthy control individuals matched for age and sex. Finally, the C677T polymorphism of 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) was evaluated in 46 patients with celiac disease and all control individuals. RESULTS: Patients with celiac disease and using vitamin supplements had higher serum vitamin B6 (P = 0.003),folate (P < 0.001), and vitamin B12 (P = 0.012) levels than patients who did not or healthy controls (P = 0.035, P < 0.001, P = 0.007, for vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12, respectively). Lower plasma homocysteine levels were found in patients using vitamin supplements than in patients who did not (P = 0.001) or healthy controls (P = 0.003). However, vitamin B6 and folate, not vitamin B12, were significantly and independently associated with homocysteine levels. Twenty-four (48%) of 50 controls and 23 (50%) of 46 patients with celiac disease carried the MTHFR thermolabile variant T-allele (P = 0.89). CONCLUSION: Homocysteine levels are dependent on Marsh classification and the regular use of B-vitamin supplements is effective in reduction of homocysteine levels in patients with celiac disease and should be considered in disease management.

关键词： Celiac disease Homocysteine Vitamin supplements

Delayed juvenile behavioral development and prolonged dependence are adaptations to desert life in the grey falcon

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 679-687页

作者： jonny SCHOENjAHN chris R.PAVEY Gimme H.WALTER School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia CSIRO Land and Water DarwinNT 0822Australia

Rapid learning in the young of most endothermic animals can be expected to be favored by natural selection because early independence reduces the period of *** of comparatively slow juvenile development continue,therefore,to attract scientific *** most species of birds,including raptors,the young depend on their parents for some time after fledging for the provisioning of food and for protection while they learn to become nutritionally and otherwise *** raptors,post-fledging dependence periods that exceed 6 months are exclusive to the largest species and these have reproductive cycles that exceed 12 *** contrast,young of the medium-sized grey falcon Falco hypoleucos have been reported in close company with their parents up to 12 months after fledging,that is,at a time when the adults are expected to breed *** investigated the occurrence and characteristics of prolonged adult–juvenile association relative to other falcons and similar-sized *** found that the behavioral development of grey falcon young is extremely delayed,and that they even depend nutritionally on their parents for up to 12 months after *** suggest that these 2 distinctive features are,ultimately,adaptations of the grey falcon to its extreme environment,Australia’s arid and semi-arid zone,one of the hottest environments in the world.

关键词： arid environment behavioral adaptation bird of prey post-fledging period

Using a systems modeling approach to improve soil management and soil quality

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 289-295页

作者： Enli WANG Di HE Zhigan ZHAO chris j.SMITH Ben C.T.MACDONALD CSIRO Agriculture and Food CanberraACT 2601Australia

Soils provide the structural support, water andnutrients for plants in nature and are considered to be thefoundation of agriculture production. Improving soilquality and soil health has been advocated as the goal ofsoil management toward sustainable agricultural intensifi-cation. There have been renewed efforts to define andquantify soil quality and soil health but establishing aconsensus on the key indicators remains difficult. It isargued that such difficulties are due to the former ways ofthinking in soil management which largely focus on soilproperties alone. A systems approach that treats soils as akey component of agricultural production systems ispromoted. It is argued that soil quality must be quantifiedin terms of crop productivity and impacts on ecosystemsservices that are also strongly driven by climate andmanagement interventions. A systems modeling approachcaptures the interactions among climate, soil, crops andmanagement, and their impacts on system performance,thus helping to quantify the value and quality of ***, three examples are presented to demonstrate this. Inthis systems context, soil management must be an integralpart of systems management practices that also includemanaging the crops and cropping systems under specificclimatic conditions, with cognizance of future climatechange.

关键词： APSIM available water capacity nitrogen management soil functional properties soil health soil-plant modeling