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SIZE MATTERS:PITCH DIMENSIONS CONSTRAIN INTERACTIVE TEAM BEHAVIOUR IN SOCCER

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第1期26卷 85-93页

作者： FRENCKEN Wouter VAN DER PLAATS Jorrit VISSCHER chris LEMMINK Koen University Medical Center Groningen University of GroningenCenter for Human Movement Sciences Hanze University of Applied Sciences School of Sports Studies Football Club Groningen

Pitch size varies in official soccer matches and differently sized pitches are adopted for tactical purposes in small-sided training games. Since interactive team behaviour emerges under constraints, the authors evaluate the effect of pitch size （task） manipulations on interactive team behaviour in small-sided soccer games. Four 4-a-side （plus goalkeepers） small-sided games were played： a reference game （30×20 m）, length manipulation （24×20 m）, width manipulation （30×16 m）, and a combina- tion （2× 16 m）. Using position data （100Hz）, three measures quantifying the teams＇ interaction were calculated： longitudinal inter-team distance, laterM inter-team distance, and surface area difference. Means and standard deviations, correlations and coupling values were calculated. Running correlations were calculated over a 3-s window to evaluate interaction patterns. As expected, a shorter pitch results in smaller longitudinal inter-team distance, lateral inter-team distance decreased for narrow pitches, and smaller total playing area resulted in decreased surface area. Unanticipated, a crossover effect was present; length and width manipulations also triggered changes in lateral and longitudinal direction respectively. Inter-team distances and surface area difference differed significantly across conditions. Interaction patterns differed across conditions for all measures. So, highly tactically relevant, soccer teams seem to adapt their interactive behaviour according to pitch size in small-sided gaines.

关键词： Constraints dynamics performance analysis small-sided games tactics.

Anti-carcinogenic properties of curcumin on colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第4期2卷 169-176页

作者： Jung Park chris N Conteas Department of Internal Medicine Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center1526 Edgemont AveLos AngelesCA 90027United States Department of Gastroenterology Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center1526 Edgemont AveLos AngelesCA 90027United States

Curcumin has been used in traditional Indian medicine for many centuries for its anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic *** has been some promising research concerning curcumin as a safe therapeutic agent for many cancers,colorectal cancer being among *** has been shown through research in cell cultures,animal models,and *** this time,it appears that curcumin’s anti-carcinogenic properties are most likely due to its effects on multiple molecular targets,such as nuclear factorκ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB)and activator protein 1(AP-1).NF-κB and AP-1 are both major transcription factors that regulate inflammation and thus affect cell proliferation,differentiation and even *** has also been shown to affect a variety of other key players involved in carcinogenesis,such as cyclooxygenase-2,matrix metallopeptidases 2 and 9 and tumor necrosis factorαinduced vascular cell adhesion molecule,just to name a *** many molecular targets are involved,curcumin has been well tolerated in many studies:doses up to 8 g a day have been confirmed to be safe for *** this brief review,we will examine the current studies and literature and touch upon many molecular pathways affected by curcumin,and demonstrate the exciting possibility of curcumin as a chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer.

关键词： Chemopreventive Anti-inflammatory Anticarcinogenic Curcumin Turmeric Cancer Colorectal cancer

Plastins regulate ectoplasmic specialization via its actin bundling activity on microfilaments in the rat testis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第5期18卷 716-722页

作者： Nan Li chris KC Wong C Yan Cheng The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research Center for Biomedical Research Population Council 1230 York Avenue New York 10065 USA Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

Plastins are a family of actin binding proteins （ABPs） known to cross-link actin microfilaments in mammalian cells, creating actin microfilament bundles necessary to confer cell polarity and cell shape. Plastins also support cell movement in response to changes in environment, involved in cell/tissue growth and development. They also confer plasticity to cells and tissues in response to infection or other pathological conditions （e.g., inflammation）. In the testis, the cell-cell anchoring junction unique to the testis that is found at the Sertoli cell-cell interface at the blood-testis barrier （BTB） and at the Sertoli-spermatid （e.g., 8-19 spermatids in the rat testis） is the basal and the apical ectoplasmic specialization （ES）, respectively. The ES is an F-actin-rich anchoring junction constituted most notably by actin microfilament bundles. A recent report using RNAi that specifically knocks down plastin 3 has yielded some insightful information regarding the mechanism by which plastin 3 regulates the status of actin microfilament bundles at the ES via its intrinsic actin filament bundling activity. Herein, we provide a brief review on the role of plastins in the testis in light of this report, which together with recent findings in the field, we propose a likely model by which plastins regulate ES function during the epithelial cycle of sDermatogenesis via their intrinsic activity on actin microfilament organization in the rat testis.

关键词： actin binding proteins actin bundling proteins cytoskeleton F-actin fimbrins plastins seminiferous epithelial cycle spermatogenesis testis

State of the art of friction modelling at interfaces subjected to elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)

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Friction 2021年第2期9卷 207-227页

作者： Zhuming BI Donald W.MUELLER chris W.J.ZHANG Civil and Mechanical Engineering Purdue University Fort WayneIN 46805USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon SK S7N 5A9Canada

Elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)is a type of fluid-film lubrication where hydrodynamic behaviors at contact surfaces are affected by both elastic deformation of surfaces and lubricant *** of contact interfaces under EHL is challenging due to high nonlinearity,complexity,and the multi-disciplinary *** paper aims to understand the state of the art of computational modelling of EHL by(1)examining the literature on modeling of contact surfaces under boundary and mixed lubricated conditions,(2)emphasizing the methods on the friction prediction occurring to contact surfaces,and(3)exploring the feasibility of using commercially available software tools(especially,Simulia/Abaqus)to predict the friction and wear at contact surfaces of objects with relative reciprocating motions.

关键词： elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) lubricant rheology finite element analysis(FEA) friction prediction Simulia/Abaqus surface roughness coefficient of friction(CoF)

Geovisual analytics:human factors

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第8期8卷 595-598页

作者： Arzu Coltekin chris Pettit Bo Wu University of Switzerland niversity of New South Wales Hong Kong Polytechnic University

This special issue is the Part II of a two-volume special issue comprising of a series of papers documenting the state-of-the-art research in geovisual *** I consisted of four papers and focused on design and implementation issues in geovisual ***,with an additional four papers focused on the human factors in geovisual analytics,we present Part II.

关键词： analytic visual document

Geovisual analytics:design and implementation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第7期8卷 517-521页

作者： chris Pettit Arzu Coltekin Bo Wu University of New South Wales University of Switzerland Hong Kong Polytechnic University

This special issue presents a series of papers that document the state-of-the-art research on the topic of geovisual *** special issue is presented as two *** first issue,comprising of four papers,is focused on design and implementation considerations in geovisual analytics(Part I).Part II will follow,with an additional four papers,which is focused on the human factors in geovisual analytics.

关键词： analytic visual implementation

COP27 climate change conference:urgent action needed for Africa and the world

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General Psychiatry 2022年第5期35卷 279-281页

作者： chris Zielinski Centre for Global Health Faculty of Health and WellbeingUK Health Alliance on Climate ChangeLondonUK

Wealthy nations must step up support for Africa and vulnerable countries in addressing past,present and future impacts of climate changeThe 2022 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change paints a dark picture of the future of life on earth,characterised by ecosystem collapse,species extinction and climate hazards such as heatwaves and floods.1 These are all linked to physical and mental health problems,with direct and indirect consequences of increased morbidity and *** avoid these catastrophic health effects across all regions of the globe,there is broad agreement—as 231 health journals argued together in 2021—that the rise in global temperature must be limited to<1.5°C compared with pre-industrial levels.

关键词： climate floods consequences

Old MacDonald Has a New Animal on the Farm—Insects

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Engineering 2024年第11期42卷 6-8页

作者： chris Palmer 不详

An arms race underway in France vies to build the world’s lar-gest insect farm,as several companies seek to capitalize on what has been estimated by one market analysis firm to become a 3.3 billion USD industry by 2027[1].Opened in December 2023,the current champion is a 45000 m^(2) farm outside Amiens,built by Paris-based firmŸnsect to annually produce more than 100000 t of mealworms,larvae of the beetle Tenebrio molitor[2].The Amiens farm dethroned a 35000 m^(2)facility capable of annually producing 15000 t of protein from larvae of the black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)that InnovaFeed,Ÿnsect’s rival Parisian biotechnology company,opened in April 2023 in Nesle,France(Fig.1)[3].How-ever,a planned expansion of the Nesle farm will enlarge its foot-print to 55000 m^(2) and increase its annual production to 75000 t in late 2024,vaulting it back to the top[3].InnovaFeed also has plans to open a 100000 m^(2)farm in Decatur,IL,USA,in 2026[4].Although humans have been eating insects for millennia,and billions of people still do today,the growing insect farming indus-try is not,for the most part,serving up insects for human con-sumption.

关键词： annually companies outside

Rapid growth of environmental research in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第1期28卷 1-3页

作者： Guibin Jiang Chunxia Wang X.chris Le State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Division of Environmental Chemistry Department of Chemical Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085 China Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton AB T6G 2G3 Canada

Environmental research in China has grown tremendously over the last thirty *** rapid and sustained growth has been supported by the remarkable increases in research funding,the number of graduate students,the degree-offering programs in environmental sciences and engineering,the state-of-the-art facilities,and international collaboration.

关键词： Rapid growth of environmental research in China