SIZE MATTERS:PITCH DIMENSIONS CONSTRAIN INTERACTIVE TEAM BEHAVIOUR IN SOCCER

作     者：FRENCKEN Wouter VAN DER PLAATS Jorrit VISSCHER Chris LEMMINK Koen 

作者机构：University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenCenter for Human Movement Sciences Hanze University of Applied SciencesSchool of Sports Studies Football Club Groningen 

出 版 物：《Journal of Systems Science & Complexity》 (系统科学与复杂性学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第26卷第1期

页      面：85-93页

核心收录：

学科分类：0403[教育学-体育学] 04[教育学] 

主　　题：Constraints dynamics performance analysis small-sided games tactics. 

摘      要：Pitch size varies in official soccer matches and differently sized pitches are adopted for tactical purposes in small-sided training games. Since interactive team behaviour emerges under constraints, the authors evaluate the effect of pitch size （task） manipulations on interactive team behaviour in small-sided soccer games. Four 4-a-side （plus goalkeepers） small-sided games were played： a reference game （30×20 m）, length manipulation （24×20 m）, width manipulation （30×16 m）, and a combina- tion （2× 16 m）. Using position data （100Hz）, three measures quantifying the teams＇ interaction were calculated： longitudinal inter-team distance, laterM inter-team distance, and surface area difference. Means and standard deviations, correlations and coupling values were calculated. Running correlations were calculated over a 3-s window to evaluate interaction patterns. As expected, a shorter pitch results in smaller longitudinal inter-team distance, lateral inter-team distance decreased for narrow pitches, and smaller total playing area resulted in decreased surface area. Unanticipated, a crossover effect was present; length and width manipulations also triggered changes in lateral and longitudinal direction respectively. Inter-team distances and surface area difference differed significantly across conditions. Interaction patterns differed across conditions for all measures. So, highly tactically relevant, soccer teams seem to adapt their interactive behaviour according to pitch size in small-sided gaines.