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New insights into pancreatic cancer stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第3期7卷 547-555页

作者： chinthalapally v.rao Altaf Mohammed Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development Department of Medicine Hematology-Oncology Section PC Stephenson Cancer Center University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City

Pancreatic cancer(PC) has been one of the deadliest of all cancers, with almost uniform lethality despite aggressive treatment. Recently, there have been important advances in the molecular, pathological and biological understandingof pancreatic cancer. Even after the emergence of recent new targeted agents and the use of multiple therapeutic combinations, no treatment option is viable in patients with advanced cancer. Developing novel strategies to target progression of PC is of intense interest. A small population of pancreatic cancer stem cells(CSCs) has been found to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. CSCs are believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. The CSC research has recently achieved much progress in a variety of solid tumors, including pancreatic cancer to some extent. This leads to focus on understanding the role of pancreatic CSCs. The focus on CSCs may offer new targets for prevention and treatment of this deadly cancer. We review the most salient developments in important areas of pancreatic CSCs. Here, we provide a review of current updates and new insights on the role of CSCs in pancreatic tumor progression with special emphasis on Dcl K1 and Lgr5, signaling pathways altered by CSCs, and the role of CSCs in prevention and treatment of PC.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Cancer stem cells DclK1 Lgr5 Prevention Treatment

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrvNb)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi Kong rao Zhang Lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Boxin Wei Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can overcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide ceramics.In this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrvNb)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different temperatures.The effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure evolution,and mechanical properties were investigated in detail.Phase decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon content.Two different solid solutions of(Ti,v)-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,respectively.The distribution of Nb element is relatively uniform.The semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectively under the synergistic effect of grain refinement.Ceramics with phase decomposition structures have apparent advantages compared to single-phase high-entropy carbides.This work provides an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

High mechanical strength Si anode synthesis with interlayer bonded expanded graphite structure for lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 253-263,I0007页

作者： Wenhui Lai Jong Hak Lee Lu Shi Yuqing Liu Yanhui Pu Yong Kang Ong Carlos Limpo Ting Xiong Yifan rao Chorng Haur Sow Barbaros Ozyilmaz Department of Material Science&Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Center for Advanced 2D Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117546Singapore Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore 117551Singapore Institute forFunctional Intelligent Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117544Singapore

Despite advancements in silicon-based anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries,their widespread commercial adoption is still hindered by significant volume expansion during cycling,especially at high active mass loadings crucial for practical use.The root of these challenges lies in the mechanical instability of the material,which subsequently leads to the structural failure of the electrode.Here,we present a novel synthesis of a composite combining expanded graphite and silicon nanoparticles.This composite features a unique interlayer-bonded graphite structure,achieved through the application of a modified spark plasma sintering method.Notably,this innovative structure not only facilitates efficient ion and electron transport but also provides exceptional mechanical strength(vickers hardness:up to658 MPa,Young's modulus:11.6 GPa).This strength effectively accommodates silicon expansion,resulting in an impressive areal capacity of 2.9 mA h cm^(-2)(736 mA h g^(-1)) and a steady cycle life(93% after 100cycles).Such outsta nding performance is paired with features appropriate for large-scale industrial production of silicon batteries,such as active mass loading of at least 3.9 mg cm^(-2),a high-tap density electrode material of 1.68 g cm^(-3)(secondary clusters:1.12 g cm^(-3)),and a production yield of up to 1 kg per day.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Silicon anode Spark plasma sintering Interlayer bonding Mechanical strength Tap density

倾斜椭球凹陷阵列湍流强化传热实验与数值分析

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推进技术 2024年第4期45卷 144-152页

作者：许超张鹏饶宇上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海200240

为了提高涡轮叶片内部通道对流传热性能,本文基于瞬态液晶热像技术分别针对矩形通道表面排布的球形凹陷和斜椭球凹陷阵列的传热和压力损失特性进行了实验研究。在雷诺数为1×10^(4)~6×10^(4)内,与基准球形凹陷相比,平行排布和v形排布... 详细信息

为了提高涡轮叶片内部通道对流传热性能,本文基于瞬态液晶热像技术分别针对矩形通道表面排布的球形凹陷和斜椭球凹陷阵列的传热和压力损失特性进行了实验研究。在雷诺数为1×10^(4)~6×10^(4)内,与基准球形凹陷相比,平行排布和v形排布的斜椭球凹陷总体传热分别增强了23.8%~33.8%和104%~121%,v形排布的斜椭球凹陷综合传热性能显著提高了25%~68.3%。通过数值模拟发现,平行排布的斜椭球凹陷虽然可以诱发更强烈的二次流,但是平行的排布方式使下游凹陷受到来自上游凹陷升温后的流体冲刷,因此限制了传热的进一步增强。v形排布的斜椭球凹陷通过诱发大尺度的纵向涡对将来自主流的冷流体输运至壁面,冷流体直接冲击壁面并与近壁流体剪切,极大地增强了对流传热。

关键词：涡轮叶片冷却斜椭球凹陷传热瞬态液晶热像实验流动结构

Two new high-temperature molecular ferroelectrics[1,5-3.2.2-Hdabcn]X(X=ClO_(4)^(-),ReO_(4)^(-))

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 234-238页

作者： Keke Han Wenjun rao Xiuli You Haina Zhang Xing Ye Zhenhong Wei Hu Cai School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Jiangxi Key laboratory of Organic Chemistry Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNanchang 330013China

Molecular ferroelectrics have attracted much attention because of their excellent piezoelectricity,mechanical workability,and second harmonic effect.Here,we successfully prepared two molecular ferroelectrics[1,5-3.2.2-Hdabcn]X(X=ClO_(4)^(-),1;ReO_(4)^(-),2)by reactions of a quasi-spherical amine 1,5-diazabicycle[3.2.2]nonane(1.5-3.2.2-dabcn)with HX aqueous solution.Compounds 1 and 2 undergo hightemperature phase transitions at 381 K(1)and 396 K(2).Before and after the phase transition,they crystallize in the polar point group mm2,and the centrosymmetric point groups mmm and 4/mmm,respectively.According to Aizu rules,these two compounds experience mmm Fmm2 and 4/mmm Fmm2 type ferroelectric phase transitions,respectively.The ferroelectricity of both compounds is well expressed in their polycrystalline film at room temperature with low coercive voltages of 13 v for 1 and 25 v for 2.Using piezoelectric force microscopy(PFM),the 180°anti-parallel ferroelectric domains and the reversible polarization switching can be clearly observed in 1 and 2.This high-temperature molecular ferroelectric material has great application potential in flexible materials,biomechanics,intelligent wearables and other fields.

关键词： Ferroelectric domains Quasi-spherical amine Phase transition Polarization

Hierarchical v3S4/C nanofibers with fast kinetics for superior alkali metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1836-1844页

作者： Li Chen Zhi-Xin rao Zhi Chen Zhao-Hui Wu Shuai Yang Zhi-Jun Feng Hui-Yong Yang Fan-Yan Zeng Xi-Bao Li Jin-Yang Hu Jun-Tong Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University

Owing to the numerous benefits,including low cost and great theoretical capacity,v3S4 has been a research hotspot for Li+/Na+/K+storage.Nonetheless,the v3S4electrode with long cycling stability and high specific capacities continues to pose significant challenges.In this work,vacuum vulcanization is combined with electrospinning to synthesize v3S4/C composite nanofibers （v3S4@CNF）.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

Prediction of photovoltaic power output based on different non-linear autoregressive artificial neural network algorithms

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Global Energy Interconnection 2022年第2期5卷 226-235页

作者： Adriano Pamain P.v.Kanaka rao Frank Nicodem Tilya Department of Physics The University of DodomaDodomaTanzania

Prediction of power output plays a vital role in the installation and operation of photovoltaic modules.In this paper,two photovoltaic module technologies,amorphous silicon and copper indium gallium selenide installed outdoors on the rooftop of the University of Dodoma,located at 6.5738°S and 36.2631°E in Tanzania,were used to record the power output during the winter season.The average data of ambient temperature,module temperature,solar irradiance,relative humidity,and wind speed recorded is used to predict the power output using a non-linear autoregressive artificial neural network.We consider the Levenberg-Marquardt optimization,Bayesian regularization,resilient propagation,and scaled conjugate gradient algorithms to understand their abilities in training,testing and validating the data.A comparison with reference to the performance indices:coefficient of determination,root mean square error,mean absolute percentage error,and mean absolute bias error is drawn for both modules.According to the findings of our investigation,the predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental results.All the algorithms performed better,and the predicted power out of both modules using the Bayesian regularization algorithm is observed to exhibit good processing capabilities compared to the other three algorithms that are evident from the measured performance indices.

关键词： Photovoltaic Artificial neural network Training algorithms Ambient parameters Power output

ETP-AKEP: enhanced three-party authenticated key exchange protocols for data integrity in cloud environments

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Journal of Control and Decision 2023年第1期10卷 126-133页

作者： Kalluri Rama Krishna C.v.Guru rao Faculty of Informatics Osmania UniversityHyderabadIndia School of Computer Science&Artificial Intelligence S.R.UniversityWarangalIndia

With key exchange protocols, a secure session key is generated between two remote users, andservers and exchanged between them. It is generally used to prevent unauthorised users fromgaining access to sensitive data. This article presents an enhanced three-party authenticated keyexchange protocols (ETP-AKE) protocol that does not depend on symmetric key encryption andinstead uses asymmetric key encryption. A key component of the proposed ETP-AKE protocol isusing elliptic curve encryption in conjunction with a one-way hash function. Its integrity certificationwas confirmed via the usage of the AvISPA tool package. Our proposed protocol is intendedto protect against various security threats, including the man-in-the-middle assault, the parallelattack, and the key-compromise attack, among others.

关键词： ECC hash function cloud integrity third party key exchange

微波辅助深共熔溶剂提取紫斑牡丹籽总黄酮的工艺优化及其抗氧化活性

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食品工业科技 2024年第5期45卷 161-168页

作者：陈思羽饶桂维王露桦盛颖霏浙江树人学院树兰国际医学院浙江杭州310015 浙江树人学院交叉科学研究院浙江杭州310015 浙江树人学院生物与环境工程学院浙江杭州310015

目的:优化紫斑牡丹籽总黄酮的微波辅助深共熔溶剂提取方法,并探究其体外抗氧化活性。方法:以低共熔溶剂作为提取溶剂,采用微波辅助技术提取紫斑牡丹籽中的总黄酮。采用单因素实验以及响应面法进行提取工艺优化。从DPPH自由基清除率、羟... 详细信息

目的:优化紫斑牡丹籽总黄酮的微波辅助深共熔溶剂提取方法,并探究其体外抗氧化活性。方法:以低共熔溶剂作为提取溶剂,采用微波辅助技术提取紫斑牡丹籽中的总黄酮。采用单因素实验以及响应面法进行提取工艺优化。从DPPH自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率进行总黄酮的体外抗氧化活性研究。结果:以氯化胆碱作为氢键受体,脲作为氢键供体的低共熔溶剂体系下,在摩尔比为1:3,含水量41.80%(v/v)的深共熔溶剂体系最优,料液比1:19 g/mL,微波功率为110 W,微波时间3.00 min,此时紫斑牡丹籽总黄酮得率为1.76 mg/g。当提取物总黄酮浓度在80μg/mL时,对DPPH·、羟基自由基的清除率分别为82.00%、42.10%。结论:采用微波辅助深共熔溶剂提取紫斑牡丹籽总黄酮,含量高,均具有抗氧化活性,且对DPPH自由基清除率超80%。

关键词：紫斑牡丹籽黄酮深共熔溶剂微波辅助提取抗氧化