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Control of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated groundwater by intrinsic and enhanced bioremediation

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 864-871页

作者： chih-ming kao Rao Y.Surampalli Mu-Sheng Lee Institute of Environmental Engineering "National" Sun Yat-Sen University U.S.Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Protection Bureau Kaohsiung City Government

In the first phase of this study, the effectiveness of intrinsic bioremediation on the containment of petroleum hydrocarbons was evaluated at a gasoline spill site. Evidences of the occurrence of intrinsic bioremediation within the BTEX （benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes） plume included （1） decreased BTEX concentrations; （2） depletion of dissolved oxygen （DO）, nitrate, and sulfate; （3） production of dissolved ferrous iron, methane, and CO2; （4） deceased pH and redox potential; and （5） increased methanogens, total heterotrophs, and total anaerobes, especially within the highly contaminated areas. In the second phase of this study, enhanced aerobic bioremediation process was applied at site to enhance the BTEX decay rates. Air was injected into the subsurface near the mid-plume area to biostimulate the naturally occurring microorganisms for BTEX biodegradation. Field results showed that enhanced bioremediation process caused the change of BTEX removal mechanisms from anaerobic biodegradation inside the plume to aerobic biodegradation. This variation could be confirmed by the following field observations inside the plume due to the enhanced aerobic bioremediation process：（1） increased in DO, CO2, redox potential, nitrate, and sulfate, （2） decreased in dissolved ferrous iron, sulfide, and methane, （3） increased total heterotrophs and decreased total anaerobes. Field results also showed that the percentage of total BTEX removal increased from 92% to 99%, and the calculated total BTEX first-order natural attenuation rates increased from 0.0092% to 0.0188% per day, respectively, after the application of enhanced bioremediation system from the spill area to the downgradient area （located approximately 300 m from the source area）.

关键词： petroleum hydrocarbon groundwater natural attenuation intrinsic bioremediation

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慢性疼痛治疗与阿片类药物处方管理的双刃剑国家疼痛治疗策略是解决方案中的角色之一

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英国医学杂志中文版 2020年第7期23卷 364-365页

作者： Sean Mackey ming-chih kao 景晨萌(译) Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineDivision of Pain MedicineStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCAUSA 北京新世纪妇儿医院麻醉科

慢性疼痛治疗与阿片类药物处方之间的冲突与矛盾在美国乃至全球都是亟待解决的难题约5000万〜1亿美国人在生活中存在持续性疼痛,由此花费年均6350亿美元(4800亿英镑,5600亿欧元)1。其中2000万人因严重的慢性疼痛干扰了工作、社交,甚至不... 详细信息

慢性疼痛治疗与阿片类药物处方之间的冲突与矛盾在美国乃至全球都是亟待解决的难题约5000万〜1亿美国人在生活中存在持续性疼痛,由此花费年均6350亿美元(4800亿英镑,5600亿欧元)1。其中2000万人因严重的慢性疼痛干扰了工作、社交,甚至不能自理1。4,5。同时,每天却有130多名美国人死于阿片类药物过量6。

关键词：阿片类药物慢性疼痛处方管理疼痛治疗双刃剑解决方案

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卷积神经网络在结直肠息肉辅助诊断中的应用综述

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计算机科学与探索 2024年第3期18卷 627-645页

作者：考文涛李明马金刚山东中医药大学智能与信息工程学院济南250355

结直肠癌是一种恶性肿瘤,主要发生在结肠和直肠的组织中,其早期发现和治疗具有重要意义。结直肠癌的早期检测和预防主要是对病人的肠道进行视觉检查,从而筛查结直肠息肉,但人工检查存在漏诊率高等弊端。基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的辅助诊... 详细信息

结直肠癌是一种恶性肿瘤,主要发生在结肠和直肠的组织中,其早期发现和治疗具有重要意义。结直肠癌的早期检测和预防主要是对病人的肠道进行视觉检查,从而筛查结直肠息肉,但人工检查存在漏诊率高等弊端。基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的辅助诊断系统在结直肠息肉的诊断方面表现出最先进的性能,是目前计算机辅助诊断领域的研究热点。根据近几年发表的相关重要文献,对卷积神经网络在结直肠息肉辅助诊断中的应用进行系统综述。首先介绍了结直肠息肉诊断领域的常用数据集,其中包括图片和视频数据集;其次分别对CNN在结直肠息肉检测、分割以及分类中的应用进行系统阐述,对各算法的主要改进思路、优缺点以及性能进行深入分析,旨在为研究人员提供更系统的参考,并对深度学习模型的可解释性进行总结;最后对基于CNN的结直肠息肉辅助诊断的各类算法进行总结,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。

关键词：结直肠息肉卷积神经网络(CNN) 计算机辅助诊断可解释性

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Comparison of presentation and impact on quality of life of gastroesophageal reflux disease between young and old adults in a Chinese population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第41期17卷 4614-4618页

作者： Shou-Wu Lee Chia-ming Chang Chi-Sen Chang Ai-Wen kao ming-chih Chou Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineTaichung Veterans General Hospital Department of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Institute of Gerontology National Cheng Kang University Division of Geriatrics Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kang University Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kang University Hospital

AIM:To compare the presentation and impact on qual-ity of life of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)in old and young age ***:Data from adult patients with GERD di-agnosed by endoscopic and symptomic characteristics were collected between January and November *** criteria included combined peptic ulcers,ma-lignancy,prior surgery,antacid medication for more than 2 mo,and *** patients were assigned to the elderly group if they were 65 years or older,or the younger group if they were under 65 *** had completed the GERD impact scale,the Chinese GERD questionnaire,and the SF-36 *** from other cases without endoscopic f ind-ings or symptoms were collected and these subjects comprised the control group in our ***:There were 111 patients with GERD and 44 normal cases:78(70.3%)and 33 patients(29.7%)were in the younger and elderly groups,*** were more female patients(60.3%)in the younger group,and more males(72.7%)in the elderly *** younger cases had more severe and fre-quent typical symptoms than the elderly ***-nif icantly more impairment of daily activities was noted in the younger patients compared with the elderly group,except for physical ***:Elderly patients with GERD were pre-dominantly male with rare presentation of typical symp-toms,and had less impaired quality of life compared with younger patients in a Chinese population.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux disease Quality oflife Age factors

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Numerical Approach to Film Cooling Effectiveness Over a Plate Surface with Coolant Impingement

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第1期13卷 67-74页

作者： Chang-Hsien Tai Jr-ming Miao A-Fu kao Department of Vehicles Engineering National Pingtung University of Science and TechnologyPingtungTaiwanChinaDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringChung Cheng Institute of TechnologyNational Defense UniversityTaoyuanTaiwanChinaGraduate School of Defense Science StudiesChung Cheng Institute of TechnologyNational Defense UniversityTaoyuanTaiwanChina

The aim of the present study is conducting the numerical approach to a combination of internal jet impingement and external film cooling over a flat plate. A multi-block three-dimensional Navier-Stokes code, CFX 4.4, with k-e turbulence model is used to simulate this complicated thermal-flow structure induced by the interaction of coolant jet and hot cross mainstream. By assuming the adiabatic wall boundary condition on the tested film-cooled plate, both the local and the spanwise-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness are evaluated for comparison of the cooling performance at blowing ratios of Br=0.5, 1.0, and 1.5. Film flow data were obtained from a row of five cylindrical film cooling holes, inclined in angle of 35?and 0?in direction of streamwise and spanwise, respectively. The film cooling hole spacing between adjacent holes is 15 mm for all the holes. Before the coolant flow being injected through individual cooling hole then encountered with the mainstream, an impingement chamber containing an impingement plate with 43 holes is located on the path of coolant flow. Present study also focused on the effect of impingement spacing, 10mm, 20mm, and 30mm. Compare the results, we find the impingement jet has a significant effect on the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness. As the coolant impingement spacing is fixed, results indicated that higher blowing ratio would enhance the local and the spanwise-averaged adiabatic film cooling effectiveness. Moreover, neither uniform nor parabolic distribution of pressure distribution are observed within the coolant hole-pipe.

关键词： film cooling impingement cooling CFD turbulence model.

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虚拟仿真教学平台在本科生骨外科教学中的应用研究

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教育教学论坛 2024年第18期 133-136页

作者：钱考亮鲁明胡军南京医科大学第一附属医院骨科江苏南京210029 南京医科大学基础医学院江苏南京211166

为探讨虚拟仿真教学平台在本科生骨外科教学中的应用价值,选取南京医科大学本科四年级临床医学学生共60人为研究对象,随机分组:实验组30名,实施线上虚拟仿真教学平台教学;对照组30名,实施线下传统教学。教学结束后,两组学生都参加成绩考... 详细信息

为探讨虚拟仿真教学平台在本科生骨外科教学中的应用价值,选取南京医科大学本科四年级临床医学学生共60人为研究对象,随机分组:实验组30名,实施线上虚拟仿真教学平台教学;对照组30名,实施线下传统教学。教学结束后,两组学生都参加成绩考核,完成问卷调查。实验组临床思维和技能操作成绩均显著高于对照组(p<0.05)。相较于传统教学,虚拟仿真教学更能提高学生的学习兴趣、增强临床技能和促进临床思维构建(p<0.05)。虚拟仿真教学平台的应用在本科生骨外科教学中有显著作用,有助于提高整体教学效果和教学质量,提高学生的学习积极性,锻炼学生的临床思维能力和实践技能。

关键词：虚拟仿真实验平台医学教育实验教学骨外科骨盆骨折

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Crystallization Behavior and Tensile Property of Poly(trimethyleneterephthalate)/Styrene-Ethylene-Buthylene-Styrene Composites

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2016年第2期31卷 474-480页

作者： TSOU Chi-Hui SUEN Maw-Cherng WU Wen-Yen kao Bo-jlyue YANG ming-Chien TSOU chih-Yuan HUNG Wei-Song Department of Materials and Textiles Oriental Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan 22064 China Center for Thin FilmTechnologies and Applications Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan 24301China R&D Center for Membrane Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Chung Yuan University Jongli Taoyuan Taiwan 32023 China Department of Creative Fashion Design Taoyuan Innovation Institute of Technology Jhongli Taiwan 32091 China Department of Fashion Design and Merchandising Shih Chien University Kaohsiung Taiwan 84550 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan 10607 China

Poly（trimethyleneterephthalate）（PTT）/styrene-ethylene-buthylene-styrene（SEBS）composites were prepared by melt *** opticalmicroscopy was used to observe the spherulitic morphology and the crystalstructure of PTT and PTT/SEBS *** electron microscopy was used to determine the dispersion and the compatibility of fracture surfaces of PTT and *** curves of thermalgravimetric analysis illustrated that the thermo stability decreased with increasing SEBS *** calorimetry was used to investigate the crystallization behavior;and the result showed that the glass transition temperature of the compound increased with the SEBS *** Avramiequation described the isothermalcrystallization ***-strain curves for PTT and PTT/SEBS composites showed that the elongation at break was enhanced with increasing SEBS content.

关键词： poly(trimethyleneterephthalate)(PTT) styrene-ethylene-buthylene-styrene(SEBS) crystallization

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Optimization of multi-model ensemble forecasting of typhoon waves

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Water Science and Engineering 2016年第1期9卷 52-57页

作者： Shun-qi Pan Yang-ming Fan Jia-ming Chen Chia-chuen kao Hydro-environmental Research Centre School of Engineering Cardiff University Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center National Cheng Kung University Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University

Accurately forecasting ocean waves during typhoon events is extremely important in aiding the mitigation and minimization of their potential damage to the coastal infrastructure, and the protection of coastal communities. However, due to the complex hydrological and meteorological interaction and uncertainties arising from different modeling systems, quantifying the uncertainties and improving the forecasting accuracy of modeled typhoon-induced waves remain challenging. This paper presents a practical approach to optimizing model-ensemble wave heights in an attempt to improve the accuracy of real-time typhoon wave forecasting. A locally weighted learning algorithm is used to obtain the weights for the wave heights computed by the WAVEWATCH III wave model driven by winds from four different weather models （model-ensembles）. The optimized weights are subsequently used to calculate the resulting wave heights from the model-ensembles. The results show that the opti- mization is capable of capturing the different behavioral effects of the different weather models on wave generation. Comparison with the measurements at the selected wave buoy locations shows that the optimized weights, obtained through a training process, can significantly improve the accuracy of the forecasted wave heights over the standard mean values, particularly for typhoon-induced peak waves. The results also indicate that the algorithm is easy to imnlement and practieal for real-time wave forecasting.

关键词： Wave modeling Optimization Forecasting Typhoon waves WAVEWATCH III Locally weighted learning algorithm

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Numerical analysis of the hydraulic fracture communication modes in fracture-cavity reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2022年第5期19卷 2227-2239页

作者： Jia-Wei kao Shi-ming Wei Wen-Zhi Wang Yan Jin State Key Laboratory Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Beijing102206China CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited Beijing102206China

The fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs in the Tahe Oilfield in China are mainly exploited by *** need the hydraulic fractures to communicate with caves to create a flow ***,due to the existence of the fracture-cavity systems,the hydraulic fracture propagation morphology is complicated,while the propagation characteristics are not *** analyze the hydraulic fracture propagation in fracture-cavity carbonate formations,based on the discontinuous discrete fracture model,we developed a solid-seepage-freeflow coupled fracturing model for fracture-cavity formations,which can simulate the complex interaction behavior of fractures and *** on the simulation results,we found the interaction rule between hydraulic fractures and fracture-cavity systems:the stress concentration around caves is the main factor that determines the fracture propagation *** due to stress concentration is usually not conducive to communication,while natural fractures distributed around caves could break the rejection *** the hydraulic energy in the hydraulic fracture can make fracture propagate directly and reduce the influence of *** steering fracture formed by temporary plugging is beneficial to the communication of fracture-cavity systems in the non-principal stress *** to the simulation results of different fracture-cavity characteristics,we raised four optimization communication modes for fracture-cavity carbonate formation to provide references for fracturing optimization design and parameter optimization.

关键词： Fracture-cavity carbonate formation Hydraulic fracture propagation Numerical simulation Fracture-cave communication Discontinuous discrete fracture model

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西北汉简词语考释三则

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语言研究 2024年第4期44卷 91-96页

作者：徐正考刘昌昊吉林大学文学院长春130012

悬泉汉简、地湾汉简中的“装索”是用于固定车舆上布革类物品的绳索。肩水金关汉简中的“卷绝”指断绝,“卷”与“绝”属同义连用。肩水金关汉简中的“扁白”指器物变形且涂漆褪色;汉简中“白”与“不鲜明”都指脱漆,但“白”表达的脱... 详细信息

悬泉汉简、地湾汉简中的“装索”是用于固定车舆上布革类物品的绳索。肩水金关汉简中的“卷绝”指断绝,“卷”与“绝”属同义连用。肩水金关汉简中的“扁白”指器物变形且涂漆褪色;汉简中“白”与“不鲜明”都指脱漆,但“白”表达的脱漆程度较高,“不鲜明”表达的脱漆程度较低。

关键词：西北汉简装索卷绝扁白

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