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Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the imo River Basin in Nigeria

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infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 36-44页

作者： Joseph N.F.Siewe Chinyere N.Ukaga Ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu C.Nwokeji Blessing C.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel Okeke Kate Osahor Lilian Chimechefulam Ann i.Ogomaka Augustine A.Amaechi Chika i.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike chidimma i.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine i.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert Colebunders Global Health institute University of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium imo State University OwerriNigeria Federal Medical Centre OwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching Hospital EleleNigeria imo State Ministry of Health OwerriNigeria

Background:High epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTi)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(Pivermectin mass distribution coverage in the study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.Conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of CDTi in the imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria ivermectin Ov16

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Analysis of Land Use Change and Associated implications on Soil Ecosystem Functions in South Eastern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第5期11卷 126-134页

作者： Nwabueze i. igu Chinero N. Ayogu chidimma C. Umeogu Michael C. Obikwelu Department of Geography and Meteorology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Geography University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

Land use change affects soil functions and its capacity to provide ecosystem services. Though much of the tropics are experiencing accelerated increases in land use change, associated impacts of such changes are poorly understood and studied. This study assessed the extent to which land use changes affect the soil ecosystem functions in a rainforest zone of south eastern Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from 24 sample locations in selected natural forest, cashew and palm plantations. Samples were analyzed in triplicate in the laboratory for geochemical analysis, after which the result was subjected to statistical analysis—ANOVA, correlation and regression. Forest carbon had higher % mean carbon content;though there was no significant difference (F (2, 21) = .246, p = .784) in carbon level across land uses. R value of .301 showed low correlation between % carbon, organic matter and % loss in ignition. Furthermore, R2 value of 9.1% total variation in the dependent variable could only be explained by the independent variables. CEC, Nitrogen, Potassium and Phosphorus content of the land uses did not differ significantly: CEC (F (2, 21) = .844, p (.44);Nitrogen (.243), p (.79), Potassium (.140), p (.87), Phosphorus (.783), p (.47). This showed that there was no significant variation in soil fertility of the land uses, although natural forest had higher concentrations for these variables. Across the land uses, soil texture equally had no significant variations: % sand (F (2, 21) = .320, p (.729) % clay (.430), p (.656), % silt (.043), p (.958). Soil carbon was seen to be more enhanced in natural forest ecosystems than other land uses. Though plantations had reduced capacities to provide ecosystem functions, establishing such in modified landscapes is still advocated as they can coexist with such and yet ensure ecosystem functions.

关键词： Climate Change Ecosystem Services Forest Loss Modification Soil Processes

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Analysis and survey of the application of solar dryers in eastern Nigeria

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international Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2011年第3期4卷 79-82页

作者： Nwoke O.Okala Uzoma C.Chigasa ibeto Cynthia Okpara chidimma Nnaji Chibueze Obi i.Onuoragbunam Oparaku U.Ogbonna Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering University of NigeriaNsukka National Centre for Energy Research and Development University of NigeriaNsukka

A survey on the use of solar dryers for drying purposes was carried out in some communities in eastern *** objective of the study was to ascertain the extent uses of solar dryers by local farmers and the rural *** survey method included oral interview and questionnaire *** results of the study revealed that the practical use of solar dryers is absent domestically and ***,great enthusiasm was shown by the farmers in the use of solar crop dryers if their performance is satisfactory with respect to quality and quantity of products dried at a given time *** farmers rejected the idea of establishing communally maintained and operated systems but preferred commercialized systems where payments are made per unit quantity of products *** study therefore recommends the development of affordable solar crop dryers with auxiliary heat sources to mitigate the effects of daily and seasonal fluctuation in solar radiation in order to cope with the demands of a profit oriented commercial drying *** a system holds a lot of promises for entrepreneurs.

关键词： crop drying solar crop dryers auxiliary heat sources entrepreneurs Nigeria

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