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Influence of rice straw burning on the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in agricultural county of Taiwan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第9期21卷 1200-1207页

作者： chia-hsiang lai Kang-Shin Chen Hsin-Kai Wang Department of Health Safety and Environmental Engineering Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Institute of Environmental Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University

Atmospheric particulate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） size distribution were measured at Jhu-Shan （a rural site） and Sin-Gang （a town site） in central Taiwan during the rice straw burning and non-burning periods. The concentrations of total PAHs accounting for a roughly 58% （34%） increment in the concentrations of total PAHs due to rice-straw burning. Combustion-related PAHs during burning periods were 1.54-2.57 times higher than those during non-burning periods. The mass median diameter （MMD） of 0.88-1.21 μm in the particulate phase suggested that rice-straw burning generated the increase in coarse particle number. Chemical mass balance （CMB） receptor model analyses showed that the primary pollution sources at the two sites were similar. However, ricestraw burning emission was specifically identified as a significant source of PAH during burning periods at the two sites. Open burning of rice straws was estimated to contribute approximately 6.3%-24.6% to total atmospheric PAHs at the two sites.

关键词： rice straw open burning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) receptor mod

Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesized N-doped titanate nanotubes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第7期26卷 1505-1512页

作者： Caiyun Yan Ku-Fan Chen chia-hsiang lai Shiau-Wu lai Qing Chang Yen-Ping Peng School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Department of Civil Engineering National Chi Nan University Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology College of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology

Microwave-induced nitrogen-doped titanate nanotubes（NTNTs） were characterized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, Zeta potential analysis,specific surface area（SBET）, and UV-Visible spectroscopy. TEM results indicate that NTNTs retain a tubular structure with a crystalline multiwall and have a length of several hundred nanometers after nitrogen doping. XRD findings demonstrate that the crystalline structure of NTNTs was dominated by anatase, which is favored for photocatalytic application. The Ti-O-N linkage observed in the XPS N 1s spectrum is mainly responsible for narrowing the band gap and eventually enhancing the visible light photoactivity. FT-IR results demonstrated the existence of H3O＋, which could be excited by photo-generated holes to form hydroxyl radicals and degrade environmental pollutants. After sintering at 350°C, the UV-Vis absorbance edges of NTNTs significantly shift to the visible-light region, which indicates N atom doping into the nanotubes. Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B（RhB） via NTNTs show good efficiency, with pseudo first-order kinetic model rate constants of 3.7 × 10-3, 2.4 × 10-3and 8.0 × 10-4sec-1at pH 3, 7, and 11, respectively.

关键词： Microwave hydrothermal Titanate nanotubes Photocatalytic degradation

Rapid synthesis of Ti-MCM-41 by microwave-assisted hydrothermal method towards photocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 76-87页

作者： Hanlin Chen Yen-Ping Peng Ku-Fan Chen chia-hsiang lai Yung-Chang Lin College of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tunghai University Department of Civil Engineering "National"Chi Nan University Department of Safety Health and Environmental EngineeringCentral Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Cheng Shiu University

This study employed microwave-assisted hydrothermal method to synthesize Ti-MCM-41,which are mesoporous materials with a high surface area and excellent photocatalytic ability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy（UV–Vis） were employed. The XRD findings showed that Ti-MCM-41 exhibited a peak at 2θ of 2.2°, which was attributed to the hexagonal MCM-41 structure. The BET（Brunauer–Emmett–Teller） results agreed with the TEM findings that Ti-MCM-41 has a pore size of about 3–5 nm and a high surface area of 883 m-2/g. FTIR results illustrated the existence of Si–O–Si and Si–O–Ti bonds in Ti-MCM-41. The appearance of Ti2 p peaks in the XPS results confirmed the FTIR findings that the Ti was successfully doped into the MCM-41 structure. Zeta（ζ）-potential results indicated that the iso-electric point（IEP） of Ti-MCM-41 was at about pH 3.02. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation of oxytetracycline（OTC） at different pH was investigated under Hg lamp irradiation（wavelength 365 nm）. The rate constant（K′obs） for OTC degradation was 0.012 min-1at pH 3. Furthermore, TOC（total organic carbon） and high resolution LC–MS（liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry） analyses were conducted to elucidate the possible intermediate products and degradation pathway for OTC. The TOC removal efficiency of OTC degradation was 87.0%, 74.4% and 50.9% at pH 3, 7 and 10, respectively. LC–MS analysis results showed that the degradation products from OTC resulted from the removal of functional groups from the OTC ring.

关键词： Oxytetracycline Ti-MCM-41 Microwave hydrothermal synthesis Photocatalytic degradation

Applying model simulation and photochemical indicators to evaluate ozone sensitivity in southern Taiwan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第5期23卷 790-797页

作者： Yen-Ping Peng Kang-Shin Chen Hsin-Kai Wang chia-hsiang lai Ming-Hsun Lin Cheng-Haw Lee Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering "National" Taiwan University Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Health Safety and Environmental Engineering Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Resources Engineering National Cheng-Kung University

Ozone sensitivity was investigated using CAMx simulations and photochemical indicator ratios at three sites （Pingtung City, Chao-Chou Town, and Kenting Town） in Pingtung County in southern Taiwan during 2003 and 2004. The CAMx simulations compared fairly well with the hourly concentrations of ozone. Simulation results also showed that Pingtung City was mainly a volatile organic compounds （VOC）-sensitive regime, while Chao-Chou Town was either a VOC-sensitive or a NOx-sensitive regime, depending on the seasons. Measurements of three photochemical indicators （H202, HNO3, and NOy） were conducted, and simulated three transition ranges of H202/HNO3 （0.5-0.8）, O3/HNO3 （10.3-16.2） and O3/NOy （5.7-10.8） were adopted to assess the ozone sensitive regime at the three sites. The results indicated that the three transition ranges yield consistent results with CAMx simulations at most times at Pingtung City. However, both VOC-sensitive and NOx-sensitive regimes were important at the rural site Chao-Chou Town. Kenting Town, a touring site at the southern end of Taiwan, was predominated by a NOx-sensitive regime in four seasons.

关键词： photochemical indicator ozone sensitivity volative organic compounds NOx CAMx

Air pollutant emissions from rice straw open field burning in central Taiwan

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Air pollutant emissions from rice straw open field burning i...

Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epilepsy: electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies

第八届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会暨第三届空气污染技术研讨会

作者： Yi-Ta HO Kang-Shin Chen chia-hsiang lai Huan-Yu International Environmental technology Ltd. Kaohsiung 807 Institute of Environmental Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung804 Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung406

The sizes and concentrations of 21 atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured at Jhu-Shan (a rural site) and Sin-Gang (a town site) in central Taiwan in October and December 2005. Air samples were collected using semi-volatile sampling trains (PS-1 sampler) over 16 days for rice straw burning and non-burning periods. These samples were then analyzed using a gas chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector (GC/FID). Particle-size distributions in the particulate phase show a bi-mode, peaking at 0.32-0.56 μm and 3.2-5.6 μm at the two sites during non-burning period. The concentrations of total PAHs (sum of 21 gases + particles) at the Jhu-Shan site (Sin-Gang site) were 522.9 ± 111.4 ng/m3 (571.8 ± 90.9 ng/m3) and 330.1 ± 17.0 ng/m3 (or 427.5 ± 108.0 ng/m3) during burning and non-burning periods, respectively, accounting for a roughly 58% (or 34%) increase in the concentrations of total PAHs due to rice-straw burning. On average, low-weight PAHs (about 87.0%) represent the largest proportion of total PAHs, followed by medium-weight PAHs (7.1%) and high-weight PAHs (5.9%). Combustion-related PAHs during burning periods were 1.54-2.57 times higher than those during non-burning periods.

关键词： rice straw PAHs Particle-size distribution

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 917-935页

作者： Dian Jiao lai Xu Zhen Gu Hua Yan Dingding Shen Xiaosong Gu Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological *** regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of *** pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota *** results are lacking for conventional treatments for *** resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with ***-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of *** also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current *** studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic ***,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being ***,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients’clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.

关键词： diagnosis drug treatment electroencephalography epilepsy monitoring epilepsy nerve regeneration neurostimulation non-drug interventions pathogenesis prediction

Meningeal lymphatic vessel crosstalk with central nervous system immune cells in aging and neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 763-778页

作者： Minghuang Gao Xinyue Wang Shijie Su Weicheng Feng Yaona lai Kongli Huang Dandan Cao Qi Wang Science and Technology Innovation Center Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Meningeal lymphatic vessels form a relationship between the nervous system and periphery, which is relevant in both health and disease. Meningeal lymphatic vessels not only play a key role in the drainage of brain metabolites but also contribute to antigen delivery and immune cell activation. The advent of novel genomic technologies has enabled rapid progress in the characterization of myeloid and lymphoid cells and their interactions with meningeal lymphatic vessels within the central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted roles of meningeal lymphatic vessels within the context of the central nervous system immune network, highlighting recent discoveries on the immunological niche provided by meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, we delve into the mechanisms of crosstalk between meningeal lymphatic vessels and immune cells in the central nervous system under both homeostatic conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, discussing how these interactions shape the pathological outcomes. Regulation of meningeal lymphatic vessel function and structure can influence lymphatic drainage, cerebrospinal fluid-borne immune modulators, and immune cell populations in aging and neurodegenerative disorders, thereby playing a key role in shaping meningeal and brain parenchyma immunity.

关键词： central nervous system meningeal lymphatic vessels immunity myeloid cells lymphatic cells neurodegenerative disease

Structural Modal Parameter Recognition and Related Damage Identification Methods under Environmental Excitations: A Review

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2025年第1期19卷 25-54页

作者： Chao Zhang Shang-Xi lai Hua-Ping Wang School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Structural Design Ministry of EducationLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China

Modal parameters can accurately characterize the structural dynamic properties and assess the physical state of the ***,it is particularly signiﬁcant to identify the structural modal parameters according to the monitoring data information in the structural health monitoring(SHM)system,so as to provide a scientiﬁc basis for structural damage identiﬁcation and dynamic model modiﬁ*** view of this,this paper reviews methods for identifying structural modal parameters under environmental excitation and brieﬂy describes how to identify structural damages based on the derived modal *** paper primarily introduces data-driven modal parameter recognition methods(e.g.,time-domain,frequency-domain,and time-frequency-domain methods,etc.),brieﬂy describes damage identiﬁcation methods based on the variations of modal parameters(e.g.,natural frequency,modal shapes,and curvature modal shapes,etc.)and modal validation methods(e.g.,Stability Diagram and Modal Assurance Criterion,etc.).The current status of the application of artiﬁcial intelligence(AI)methods in the direction of modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation is further *** on the pre-vious analysis,the main development trends of structural modal parameter recognition and damage identiﬁcation methods are given to provide scientiﬁc references for the optimized design and functional upgrading of SHM systems.

关键词： Structural health monitoring data information modal parameters damage identiﬁcation AI method

Cauda equina syndrome with urinary retention as a postoperative complication of lumbar spine surgery:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第10期13卷 40-45页

作者： Kai-Wu Yang Wei-Hong lai Da-Wei Huang Department of Urology Chiayi Christian HospitalChiayi 600566Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Chiayi Christian HospitalChiayi 600566Taiwan

BACKGROUND Cauda equina syndrome(CES)is characterized by a group of symptoms that may be caused by inflammation,spinal cord compression,venous congestion,or *** syndrome is commonly an indication for surgical intervention but has not been determined as a postoperative complication following surgery for lumbar spine *** SUMMARY To report the case of a 54-year-old male patient who had CES following spinal surgery,with no obvious compression lesions found during re-exploration,suggesting that vascular insufficiency may have contributed to the ***,a series of urodynamic studies on bladder recovery patterns in such complications have also been *** Postoperative CES requires urgent imaging and exploration to rule out compression;noncompressive cases,including vascular insufficiency may performed conservative management.

关键词： Cauda equina syndrome Lumbar spine surgery Urinary retention Urodynamic study Postoperative complication Case report