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Orbital angular momentum-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 466-477页

作者： Xinyuan Fang Xiaonan Hu Baoli Li Hang Su Ke cheng Haitao luan Min Gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Machine learning with optical neural networks has featured unique advantages of the information processing including high speed,ultrawide bandwidths and low energy consumption because the optical dimensions(time,space,wavelength,and polarization)could be utilized to increase the degree of freedom.However,due to the lack of the capability to extract the information features in the orbital angular momentum(OAM)domain,the theoretically unlimited OAM states have never been exploited to represent the signal of the input/output nodes in the neural network model.Here,we demonstrate OAM-mediated machine learning with an all-optical convolutional neural network(CNN)based on Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)beam modes with diverse diffraction losses.The proposed CNN architecture is composed of a trainable OAM mode-dispersion impulse as a convolutional kernel for feature extraction,and deep-learning diffractive layers as a classifier.The resultant OAM mode-dispersion selectivity can be applied in information mode-feature encoding,leading to an accuracy as high as 97.2%for MNIST database through detecting the energy weighting coefficients of the encoded OAM modes,as well as a resistance to eavesdropping in point-to-point free-space transmission.Moreover,through extending the target encoded modes into multiplexed OAM states,we realize all-optical dimension reduction for anomaly detection with an accuracy of 85%.Our work provides a deep insight to the mechanism of machine learning with spatial modes basis,which can be further utilized to improve the performances of various machine-vision tasks by constructing the unsupervised learning-based auto-encoder.

关键词： polarization mode momentum

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Robust Carbon-Carbon Cleavage in Lignin to Produce Phenol and Cyclohexanone

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 29-35页

作者： WANG Lulin cheng Xiaomeng DONG Minghua luan Sen WU Yuxuan HAN Buxing LIU Huizhen Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and ThermodynamicsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesCenter for Carbon Neutral ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China

The challenge of breaking 5-5'bonds in lignin,attributed to their high bonding energy,has prompted the development of a new transformation pathway.Biphenyl,an important model compound for lignin,contains these 5-5'bonds,making it crucial to devise a strategy for their cleavage in lignin transformation.This study introduces a novel method for transforming biphenyl,involving selective hydrogenation to cyclohexylbenzene by Ni/SiO2 catalyst,followed by its oxidation to phenol and cyclohexanone through a radical mechanism.Results demonstrate that the catalysts with small particles have strong catalytic activity,while there is little difference in selectivity.The reason for the high selectivity of cyclohexylbenzene is due to the limited adsorption of cyclohexylbenzene on Ni/SiO2.This work presents a fresh approach to breaking resilient C-C bonds in lignin.

关键词： Lignin 5-5'Bond Ni/SiO_(2) Phenol

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Simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility via microband formation and nanotwinning in an L1_(2)-strengthened alloy

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 147-157页

作者： Lu Yang Dingshan Liang Zhuo cheng Ranxi Duan Chuanxin Zhong Junhua luan Zengbao Jiao Fuzeng Ren Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Metallic alloys with high strength and large ductility are required for extreme structural applications.However,the achievement of ultrahigh strength often results in a substantially decreased ductility.Here,we report a strategy to achieve the strength-ductility synergy by tailoring the alloy composition to control the local stacking fault energy(SFE)of the face-centered-cubic(fcc)matrix in an L1_(2)-strengthened superlattice alloy.As a proof of concept,based on the thermodynamic calculations,we developed a non-equiatomic CoCrNi_(2)(Al_(0.2)Nb_(0.2))alloy using phase separation to create a near-equiatomic low SFE disordered CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy matrix with in situ formed high-content coherent Ni_(3)(Al,Nb)-type ordered nanoprecipitates(∼12 nm).The alloy achieves a high tensile strength up to 1.6 GPa and a uniform ductility of 33%.The low SFE of the fcc matrix promotes the formation of nanotwins and parallel microbands during plastic deformation which could remarkably enhance the strain hardening capacity.This work provides a strategy for developing ultrahigh-strength alloys with large uniform ductility.

关键词： L1_(2)-strengthened superlattice alloy Stacking fault energy Nanotwins Microbands Strain hardening

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ORPA:a fast and efficient phylogenetic analysis method for constructing genome-wide alignments of organelle genomes

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 352-358页

作者： Guiqi Bi Xinxin luan Jianbin Yan Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518124China Zhengzhou Research Base State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China

Creating a multi-gene alignment matrix for phylogenetic analysis using organelle genomes involves aligning single-gene datasets manually,a process that can be time-consuming and prone to errors.The HomBlocks pipeline has been created to eliminate the inaccuracies arising from manual operations.The processing of a large number of sequences,however,remains a time-consuming task.To conquer this challenge,we develop a speedy and efficient method called Organelle Genomes for Phylogenetic Analysis(ORPA).ORPA can quickly generate multiple sequence alignments for whole-genome comparisons by parsing the result files of NCBI BLAST,completing the task just in 1 min.With increasing data volume,the efficiency of ORPA is even more pronounced,over 300 times faster than HomBlocks in aligning 60 high-plant chloroplast genomes.The phylogenetic tree outputs from ORPA are equivalent to HomBlocks,indicating its outstanding efficiency.Due to its speed and accuracy,ORPA can identify species-level evolutionary conflicts,providing valuable insights into evolutionary cognition.

关键词： Ultrafast alignment Organelle phylogenomics Phylogenomic conflict Efficient pipeline Multiple sequence alignment pipeline

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Enhanced removal of antibiotic resistance genes during chicken manure composting after combined inoculation of Bacillus subtilis with biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 274-284页

作者： Zewen Wu luan Zhang Hao Lin Shungui Zhou Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and RemediationHubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology Wuyi UniversityWuyishan 354300China

This study explored the combined effects of Bacillus subtilis inoculation with biochar on the evolution of bacterial communities,antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)during the composting of chicken manure.The results showed that B.subtilis inoculation combined with biochar increased bacterial abundance and diversity as well as prolonged the compost thermophilic period.Promoted organic matter biodegradation and facilitated the organic waste compost humification process,reduced the proliferation of ARGs by altering the bacterial composition.Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota were the main resistant bacteria related to ARGs and MGEs.The decrease in ARGs and MGEs was associated with the reduction in the abundance of related host bacteria.Compost inoculation with B.subtilis and the addition of biochar could promote nutrient transformation,reduce the increase in ARGs and MGEs,and increase the abundance of beneficial soil taxa.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance gene Bacillus subtilis Bacterial community Biochar Composting

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Transcriptomic and machine learning analyses identify hub genes of metabolism and host immune response that are associated with the progression of breast capsular contracture

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 427-437页

作者： Yukun Mao Xueying Hou Su Fu Jie luan Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center Plastic Surgery HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100144China

Capsular contracture is a prevalent and severe complication that affects the post-operative outcomes of patients who receive silicone breast implants.At present,prosthesis replacement is the major treatment for capsular contracture after both breast augmentation procedures and breast reconstruction following breast cancer surgery.However,the mecha-nism(s)underlying breast capsular contracture remains unclear.This study aimed to identify the biological features of breast capsular contracture and reveal the potential underlying mechanism using RNA sequencing.Sample tissues from 12 female patients(15 breast capsules)were divided into low capsular contracture(LCC)and high capsular contracture(HCC)groups based on the Baker grades.Subsequently,41 lipid metabolism-related genes were identified through enrichment analysis,and three of these genes were identified as candidate genes by SVM-RFE and LASSO algorithms.We then compared the proportions of the 22 types of im-mune cells between the LCC and HCC groups using a CIBERSORT analysis and explored the Cor-relation between the candidate hub features and immune cells.Notably,PRKAR2B was positively correlated with the differentially clustered immune cells,which were M1 macro-phages and follicular helper T cells(area under the ROC=0.786).In addition,the expression of PRKAR2B at the mRNA or protein level was lower in the HCC group than in the LCC group.Potential molecular mechanisms were identified based on the expression levels in the high and low PRKAR2B groups.Our findings indicate that PRKAR2B is a novel diagnostic biomarker for breast capsular contracture and might also influence the grade and progression of capsularcontracture.

关键词： Biomarker Breastcapsular contracture Immune infiltration Machinelearning algorithms PRKAR2B

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Targeting ferroptosis and ferritinophagy:new targets for cardiovascular diseases

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第1期25卷 1-22页

作者： Yi luan Yang YANG Ying luan Hui LIU Han XING Jinyan PEI Hengdao LIU Bo QIN Kaidi REN Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories Translational Medicine Centerthe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructures and Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Laboratory Medicine Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang453003China Quality Management Department Henan No.3 Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhou450052China Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Center for Translational Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Department of Pharmacy the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Henan Engineering Research Center for Application&Translation of Precision Clinical Pharmacy Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China

Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are a leading factor driving mortality worldwide.Iron,an essential trace mineral,is important in numerous biological processes,and its role in CVDs has raised broad discussion for decades.Iron-mediated cell death,namely ferroptosis,has attracted much attention due to its critical role in cardiomyocyte damage and CVDs.Furthermore,ferritinophagy is the upstream mechanism that induces ferroptosis,and is closely related to CVDs.This review aims to delineate the processes and mechanisms of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy,and the regulatory pathways and molecular targets involved in ferritinophagy,and to determine their roles in CVDs.Furthermore,we discuss the possibility of targeting ferritinophagy-induced ferroptosis modulators for treating CVDs.Collectively,this review offers some new insights into the pathology of CVDs and identifies possible therapeutic targets.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Iron Ferroptosis Ferritinophagy Therapeutic target

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Mode Switching and Consistency Control for Electric-Hydraulic Hybrid Steering System

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 166-181页

作者： Zhongkai luan Wanzhong Zhao Chunyan Wang College of Energy and Power Engineering 29 Yudao St.Nanjing 210016China

Electric-hydraulic hybrid power steering(E-HHPS)system,a novel device with multiple modes for commercial electric vehicles,is designed to realize both superior steering feel and high energy efficiency.However,inconsistent steering perfor-mance occurs in the mode-switching process due to different dynamic characteristics of electric and hydraulic components,which even threatens driving safety.In this paper,mode-switching strategy and dynamic compensation control method are proposed for the E-HHPS system to eliminate the inconsistency of steering feel,which comprehensively considers ideal assistance characteristics and energy consumption of the system.Then,the influence of disturbances on system stability is analyzed,and H_(∞)robust controller is employed to guarantee system robustness and stability.The experimental results dem-onstrate that the proposed strategy can provide a steering system with natural steering feel without apparent inconsistency and effectively minimize energy consumption.

关键词： Hydraulic hybrid steering system Steering feel Consistency Mode switch Robust control

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Effectiveness of intravitreal ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes:a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 729-735页

作者： Yi-Heng Wang Qian Xu Jie luan Department of Ophthalmology Zhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina

AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab(IVR)for diabetic macular edema(DME)in vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes.METHODS:The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,Cochrane,EBSCO were comprehensively searched for studies comparing vitrectomized and non-vitrectomized eyes with DME.Clinical outcomes of best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT),the mean number of intravitreal injection and adverse events were extracted and analyzed.RESULTS:Six studies involving 641 eyes were included.Final visual gain significantly improved and CMT significantly reduced in vitrectomized eyes at 6mo and 12mo visits(P<0.05).Although the mean reduction in CMT among non-vitrectomized eyes was significantly greater than in vitrectomized eyes at the 6mo[mean difference(MD)=53.57,95%confidence interval(CI):28.03 to 78.72,P<0.0001]and 12mo(MD=49.65,95%CI:19.58 to 79.72,P=0.01),no significant difference was detected in improvement in BCVA at either 6mo(MD=0.05,95%CI:-0.02 to 0.13,P=0.14)or 12mo(MD=0.03,95%CI:-0.04 to 0.09,P=0.43).Injection number of ranibizumab in non-vitrectomized eyes was significantly less than that in vitrectomized eyes during 6-month period(MD=0.60,95%CI:0.16 to 1.04,P=0.008),while there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups during 12mo of follow-up.CONCLUSION:Evidence from current study suggests that IVR was useful for both vitrectomized group and nonvitrectomized group with DME.Although less reduction in macular thickness is found in vitrectomized group,visual improvement between two groups is similar.

关键词： diabetic macular edema ranibizumab vitrectomized eye

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Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Responsive Microneedles for Systemic Sclerosis Treatment

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 139-147页

作者： Xi luan Xiaoxuan Zhang Min Nie Yuanjin Zhao Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of PharmacyClinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Traditional Chinese medicine,such as Tripterygium wilfordii and Paeonia lactiflora,has potential values in treating systemic sclerosis(SSc)and other autoimmune diseases,while their toxic side effect elimination and precise tropical drug delivery are still challenges.Here,we present multiple traditional Chinese medicine integrated photoresponsive black phosphorus(BP)microneedles(MNs)with the desired features for the SSc treatment.By employing a template-assisted layer-by-layer curing method,such MNs with triptolide(TP)/paeoniflorin(Pae)needle tips and BP-hydrogel needle bottoms could be well generated.The combined administration of TP and Pae can not only provide anti-inflammatory,detoxification,and immunomodulatory effects to treat skin lesions in the early stage of SSc but also remarkably reduce the toxicity of single drug delivery.Besides,the additive BPs possess good biocompatibility and near-infrared(NIR)responsiveness,imparting the MN photothermal-controlled drug release capability.Based on these features,we have demonstrated that the traditional Chinese medicine integrated responsive MNs could effectively improve skin fibrosis and telangiectasia,reduce collagen deposition,and reduce epidermal thickness in the SSc mouse models.These results indicated that the proposed Chinese medicine integrated responsive MNs had enormous potential in clinical therapy of SSc and other diseases.

关键词： needle precise template

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