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A review of physicochemical properties of dissolved organic carbon and its impact over mountain glaciers

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 1-19页

作者： niu Hewen chen Mengxue KANG Shichang SHUKLA Tanuj QIN huili GAO Wanni HUANG Shihai ZHANG Fu State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/National Field Science Observation and Research Station of Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Politics and International Relations Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Dagu Glacier Scenic and Historic Interest Area Administration Luhua TownHeishui 615715China

Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth ***-soluble carbonaceous matter is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is soluble in aquatic *** its importance,we still lack systematic understanding for dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in several aspects including exact chemical composition and physical interactions with microorganisms,glacier *** review presents the chemical composition and physical properties of glacier DOC deposited through anthropogenic emission,terrestrial,and biogenic *** present the molecular composition of DOC and its effect over snow albedo and associated radiative *** indicate that DOC in snow/ice is made up of aromatic protein-like species,fulvic acid-like materials,and humic acid-like ***-absorbing impurities in surface snow and glacier ice cause considerable albedo reduction and the associated radiative forcing is definitely ***-soluble carbonaceous matter dominated the carbon transport in the high-altitude glacial *** to prevailing global warming and projected increase in carbon emission,the glacial DOC is expected to release,which will have strong underlying impacts on cryosphere *** results of this work have profound implications for better understanding the carbon cycle in high altitude cryosphere regions.A new compilation of globally distributed work is required,including large-scale measurements of glacial DOC over high-altitude cryosphere regions,to overcome and address the scientific challenges to constrain climate impacts of light-absorbing impurities related processes in Earth system and climate models.

关键词： Mountain glaciers Dissolved organic carbon Molecular composition Radiative forcing

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Injectable chitosan hydrogels loaded with antioxidant agent as first-aid dressings for second-degree burn wounds

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 891-901页

作者： REN hui ZHANG Zhen LU KaiLun SHEN YuanYuan HE ChaoLiang chen XueSi CAS Key Laboratoryof Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Burn wounds are destructive skin traumas typically of irregular shape and large area. Prone to infection, they require frequent dressing replacement, and painless removal of dressings from burn wounds remains a major challenge. This study focuses on the dynamic characteristics and treatment difficulty of burn wounds. Hydrogel dressings based on glycol chitosan and propionaldehyde-or benzaldehyde-terminated 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol) were designed on the basis of Schiff base cross-linking networks. The hydrogels exhibited shape-adaptability, self-healing and fast-degradation properties, which makes these hydrogels suitable for burn wounds. Salvianolic acid B(SaB)-loaded hydrogel exhibited good antioxidant properties in vitro. In a rat model of deep second-degree burn wounds, the SaB-loaded hydrogel could quickly reduce wound temperature, regulate wound oxidant microenvironment, promote angiogenesis, and accelerate wound healing. Thus, the drug-loaded hydrogel shows significant potential as a first-aid dressing for treatment of burn wounds.

关键词： hydrogel dressing fast-degradation shape-adaptability stress relaxation burn wound treatment

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Comparison of CWSI and T_(s)-T_(a)-VIs in moisture monitoring of dryland crops(sorghum and maize)based on UAV remote sensing

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2458-2475页

作者： hui chen Hongxing chen Song Zhang Shengxi chen Fulang Cen Quanzhi Zhao Xiaoyun Huang Tengbing He Zhenran Gao College of Agriculture Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of New Rural Development Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of Rice Industry Technology Research College of Agricultural SciencesGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Monitoring agricultural drought using remote sensing data is crucial for precision irrigation in modern *** unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing,we explored the applicability of an empirical crop water stress index(CWSI)based on canopy temperature and three-dimensional drought indices(TDDI)constructed from surface temperature(T_(s)),air temperature(T_(a))and five vegetation indices(VIs)for monitoring the moisture status of dryland *** machine learning algorithms(random forest regression(RFR),support vector regression,and partial least squares regression)were used to compare the performance of the drought indices for vegetation moisture content(VMC)estimation in sorghum and *** main results of the study were as follows:(1)Comparative analysis of the drought indices revealed that T_(s)-T_(a)-normalized difference vegetation index(TDDIn)and T_(s)-T_(a)-enhanced vegetation index(TDDIe)were more strongly correlated with VMC compared with the other *** indices exhibited varying sensitivities to VMC under different irrigation regimes;the strongest correlation observed was for the TDDIe index with maize under the fully irrigated treatment(r=-0.93).(2)Regarding spatial and temporal characteristics,the TDDIn,TDDIe and CWSI indices showed minimal differences Over the experimental period,with coefficients of variation were 0.25,0.18 and 0.24,*** three indices were capable of effectively characterizing the moisture distribution in dryland maize and sorghum crops,but the TDDI indices more accurately monitored the spatial distribution of crop moisture after a rainfall or irrigation event.(3)For prediction of the moisture content of single crops,RFR models based on TDDIn and TDDIe estimated VMC most accurately(R^(2)>0.7),and the TDDIn-based model predicted VMC with the highest accuracy when considering multiple-crop samples,with R^(2)and RMSE of 0.62 and 14.26%,***,TDDI proved more effective than the CWSI in e

关键词： maize sorghum T_(s)-T_(a)-VIs CWSI UAV machine learning crop moisture monitoring

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Neuroimmune interactions and their roles in neurodegenerative diseases

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 251-261页

作者： Bai-Rong chen Ting Wu Ting-hui chen Yun Wang Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesKey Laboratory for NeuroscienceMinistry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The nervous system possesses bidirectional,sophisticated and delicate communications with the immune *** neuroimmune interactions play a vitally important role in the initiation and development of many disorders,especially neurodegenerative *** scientific advancements have made tremendous progress in this field during the last few years,neuroimmune communications are still far from being *** organizing recent research,in this review,we discuss the local and intersystem neuroimmune interactions and their roles in Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral *** these will help us gain a better understanding of the process of interplay inside the body and how the organism maintains *** will also facilitate a view of the diseases from a holistic,pluralistic and interconnected perspective,thus providing a basis of developing novel and effective methods to diagnose,intervene and treat diseases.

关键词： Nervous system Immune system Neuroimmune interactions Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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FAST Observations of an Extremely Active Episode of FRB 20201124A.Ⅱ.Energy Distribution

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第12期22卷 70-80页

作者： Yong-Kun Zhang Pei Wang Yi Feng Bing Zhang Di Li Chao-Wei Tsai chen-hui niu Rui Luo Ju-Mei Yao Wei-Wei Zhu Jin-Lin Han Ke-Jia Lee De-Jiang Zhou Jia-Rui niu Jin-chen Jiang Wei-Yang Wang Chun-Feng Zhang Heng Xu Bo-Jun Wang Jiang-Wei Xu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA NAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Centre University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa CSIRO Space and Astronomy PO Box 76EppingNSW 1710Australia Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

We report the properties of more than 800 bursts detected from the repeating fast radio burst(FRB)source FRB20201124A with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)during an extremely active episode on UTC 2021 September 25–28 in a series of four *** this second paper of the series,we study the energy distribution of 881 bursts(defined as significant signals separated by dips down to the noise level)detected in the first four days of our 19 hr observational campaign spanning 17 *** event rate initially increased exponentially but the source activity stopped within 24 hr after the 4th *** detection of 542 bursts in one hour during the fourth day marked the highest event rate detected from one single FRB source so *** bursts have complex structures in the time-frequency *** find a double-peak distribution of the waiting time,which can be modeled with two log-normal functions peaking at 51.22 ms and 10.05 s,*** with the emission from a previous active episode of the source detected with FAST,the second distribution peak time is smaller,suggesting that this peak is defined by the activity level of the *** calculate the isotropic energy of the bursts using both a partial bandwidth and a full bandwidth and find that the energy distribution is not significantly *** find that an exponentially connected broken-power law function can fit the cumulative burst energy distribution well,with the lower and higher-energy indices being-1.22±0.01 and-4.27±0.23,*** a radio radiative efficiency ofη_(r)=10^(-4),the total isotropic energy of the bursts released during the four days when the source was active is already 3.9×10^(46)erg,exceeding~23%of the available magnetar dipolar magnetic *** challenges the magnetar models which invoke an inefficient radio emission(e.g.,synchrotron maser models).

关键词： (stars:)pulsars:general stars:individual(FRB 20201124A) methods:data analysis

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Fabrication of Conductive Domain Walls in x-cut Congruent Thin-film Lithium Niobate Using an Electrical-field Poling Technique(Invited)

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激光与光电子学进展 2024年第11期61卷 50-56页

作者： Su Yawen chen Haiwei Zhao Mengwei niu Yunfei Li chen Zhang Yong Yang Shaoguang Zhu Shining Hu Xiaopeng National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of PhysicsCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008JiangsuChina Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311121ZhejiangChina

Conductive ferroelectric domain walls have attracted increasing research interest in the field of nanoelectronics,and the fabrication technique for such domain walls is *** this study,we investigated in detail the fabrication of conductive domain walls in x-cut congruent thin-film lithium niobate(TFLN)using an electrical-field poling *** ferroelectric domain structures can be controlled through the applied electrical field and applied pulse numbers,and the domain inversion process is related to the conduction characteristics of the domain *** domain structures in TFLN are revealed using confocal second-harmonic microscopy and piezoresponse force *** results provide further directions for the development and application of conductive domain walls in TFLN.

关键词： thin-film lithium niobate electric field poling head-to-head/tail-to-tail domain conduction characteristics of domain wall

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Inhibition of EGFR attenuates EGF-induced activation of retinal pigment epithelium cell via EGFR/AKT signaling pathway

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1018-1027页

作者： Yu-Sheng Zhu Si-Rui Zhou hui-hui Zhang Tong Wang Xiao-Dong chen Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069Shaanxi ProvinceChina First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Xi’an No.1 HospitalXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of OphthalmologyClinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases of Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To explore the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)inhibition by erlotinib and EGFR siRNA on epidermal growth factor(EGF)-induced activation of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)***:Human RPE cell line(ARPE-19 cells)was activated by 100 ng/mL *** and EGFR siRNA were used to intervene EGF *** viability,proliferation,and migration were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay,bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)staining assay and wound healing assay,***/protein kinase B(AKT)pathway proteins and N-cadherin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),and vimentin were tested by Western blot *** was also determined by immunofluorescence ***:EGF treatment for 24h induced a significant increase of ARPE-19 cells’viability,proliferation and migration,phosphorylation of EGFR/AKT proteins,and decreased total EGFR *** suppressed ARPE-19 cells’viability,proliferation and migration through down regulating total EGFR and AKT protein *** also inhibited EGF-induced an increase of proliferative and migrative ability in ARPE-19 cells and clearly suppressed EGF-induced EGFR/AKT proteins phosphorylation and decreased expression of N-cadherin,α-SMA,and vimentin ***,EGFR inhibition by EGFR siRNA significantly affected EGF-induced an increase of cell proliferation,viability,and migration,phosphorylation of EGFR/AKT proteins,and up-regulation of N-cadherin,α-SMA,and vimentin ***:Erlotinib and EGFR-knockdown suppress EGF-induced cell viability,proliferation,and migration via EGFR/AKT pathway in RPE *** inhibition may be a possible therapeutic approach for proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR).

关键词： erlotinib epidermal growth factor receptor protein kinase B epithelial-mesenchymal transition retinal pigment epithelium cell

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circRNAs deregulation in exosomes derived from BEAS-2B cells is associated with vascular stiffness induced by PM_(2.5)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 527-539页

作者： Qingping Liu Yaling Zhang Bin Han Mengruo Wang Huaifang Hu Jie Ning Wentao Hu Meiyu chen Yaxian Pang Yuanyuan chen Lei Bao Yujie niu Rong Zhang Department of Toxicology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China State Key Laboratory of Environment Health(Incubation) Key Laboratory of Environment and HealthMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory of Environment and Health(Wuhan)Ministry of Environmental ProtectionSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of Environmental HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100021China Occupational Health and Environmental Health Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China

As an environmental pollutant,ambient fine particulate matter (PM_(2.5)) was linked to cardiovascular *** molecular mechanisms underlying PM_(2.5)-induced extrapulmonary disease has not been elucidated *** this study the ambient PM_(2.5)exposure mice model we established was to explore adverse effects of vessel and potential ***-term PM_(2.5)exposure caused reduced lung function and vascular stiffness in *** chronic PM_(2.5)induced migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype in BEAS-2B *** PM_(2.5)treatment,the circRNAs and mRNAs levels of exosomes released by BEAS-2B cells were detected by competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) array,which contained 1664 differentially expressed circRNAs (DE-circRNAs) and 308 differentially expressed m RNAs (DE-mRNAs).By bioinformatics analysis on host genes of DE-circRNAs,vascular diseases and some pathways related to vascular diseases including focal adhesion,tight junction and adherens junction were ***,ceRNA network was constructed,and DE-mRNAs in ceRNA network were conducted functional enrichment analysis by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis,which indicated that hsa_circ_0012627,hsa_circ_0053261and hsa_circ_0052810 were related to vascular endothelial ***,it was verified experimentally that Exo^(PM2.5)could induce endothelial dysfunction by increased endothelial permeability and decreased relaxation in *** present study,we investigated in-depth knowledge into the molecule events related to PM_(2.5) toxicity and pathogenesis of vascular diseases.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Vascular stiffness Exosome ceRNA microarray Endothelial dysfunction

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A novel flow electrode capacitive deionization device with spindle-shaped desalting chamber

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 1-4页

作者： Yunke Li Junjun Ma chenxu Yang Jianrui niu Yonghuan Bian Ruicheng chen Puming Zhang Jing Zhang Chun Liu College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang 050018China

Flow-electrode capacitive deionization(FCDI)is an innovative technology in which an intermediate chamber plays an important role in the desalination ***,relatively few studies have been conducted on the structures of these intermediate *** this study,we propose a novel flow-electrode capacitive deionization device with a spindle-shaped inlet chamber(S-FCDI).The desalination rate of the S-FCDI under optimal operating conditions was 36%higher than that of the FCDI device with a conventional rectangular chamber(R-FCDI).The spindle-shaped chamber transferred 1.2μmol more ions than the rectangular chamber,based on energy per ***,we performed a detailed analysis of different inlet chamber shapes using computational fluid dynamics *** concluded that S-FCDI has a relatively low flow resistance and almost no stagnation *** provides unique insights into the development of intermediate *** study may contribute to the improvement of the desalination performance in industrial applications of FCDI.

关键词： Spindle-shaped chamber Desalination performance Flow electrode capacitive deionization

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Theoretical understanding of correlation between magnetic phase transition and the superconducting dome in high-Tc cuprates

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 167-173页

作者： chen Zhang Cai-Xin Zhang Su-Huai Wei Haiqing Lin hui-Xiong Deng State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193China

Many issues concerning the origin of high-temperature superconductivity(HTS)are still under *** example,how the magnetic order varies with doping and its relationship with the superconducting temperature(Tc);and why Tcalways peaks near the quantum critical *** this paper,taking hole-doped La_(2)CuO_(4)as a classical example,we employ the first-principles band structure and total energy calculations with Monte Carlo simulations to explore how the symmetry-breaking magnetic ground state evolves with hole doping and the origin of a dome-shaped superconductivity region in the phase *** demonstrate that the local antiferromagnetic order and doping play key roles in determining the electron-phonon coupling,thus ***,the La_(2)CuO_(4)possesses a checkerboard local antiferromagnetic ground *** the hole doping increases,Tcincreases with the enhanced electron-phonon coupling *** as the doping increases further,the strength of the antiferromagnetic interaction weakens and spin fluctuation *** the critical doping level,a magnetic phase transition occurs that reduces the local antiferromagnetism-assisted electron-phonon coupling,thus diminishing the *** superconductivity disappears in the heavily overdoped region when the ferromagnetic order *** observations could account for why cuprates have a dome-shaped superconductivity region in the phase *** study,thus,contributes to a fundamental understanding of the correlation between doping,local magnetic order,and superconductivity of HTS.

关键词： high-temperature superconductivity antiferromagnetic order electron-phonon coupling doping effect cuprates

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