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Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection on the Hematology of Ducks and Chickens

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 113-121页

作者： chekwube paul eze John Osita Arinze Okoye Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Wilfred Sunday ezema Didacus Chukwuemeka eze Emmanuel Chukwudi Okwor Christian Okorie-Kanu Kalu Idika Idika Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

The hematological lesions consequent upon velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection were investigated in 6-week-old ducks and chickens. Following intramuscular inoculation, the results indicated significantly lower (p < 0.05) packed cell volume (PCV) in infected chickens (IC) on days 3 - 9 post inoculation (PI) and in infected ducks (ID) on days 3 - 15 PI. The hemoglobin concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in IC on days 3, 6 and 15 PI while in the ID, they were significantly lower (p < 0.05) on days 3, 9 and 15 PI. The total erythrocyte counts were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in IC on days 3, 9 and 15 PI and in ID, they were significantly lower (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 9 PI. The mean corpuscular values indicated macrocytic hypochromic anemia in IC and macrocytic normochromic anemia in ID. The leucogram showed leucopenia in IC and initial leucopenia followed by leucocytosis in ID. The hematological pictures of the velogenic NDV in this experiment indicate less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. The severity of this virus infection in chickens and the mild clinical signs and lesions presented by ducks showed that ducks are far less susceptible than chickens.

关键词： Velogenic Newcastle Disease Experimental Infection Hematology Ducks Chickens

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Comparison of the Serum Proteins and Immune Responses of Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infected Chickens and Ducks

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第6期4卷 122-128页

作者： chekwube paul eze Vincent S. O. Shoyinka John Osita Arinze Okoye Wilfred Sunday ezema Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Didacus Chukwuemeka eze Emmanuel Chukwudi Okwor Ogbu Kenneth Ikejiofor Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Nigeria

The effect of velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) on the immune responses and serum proteins was investigated in six-week-old ducks and chickens. Results showed that weight loss was markedly significant (p < 0.05) from days 3 - 21 (PI) in chickens and mild (p < 0.05) on days 3 and 15 PI in ducks. The antibody response obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in infected chickens (IC) than those of the infected ducks (ID). While the total serum protein and serum globulin increased significantly (p < 0.05) in IC on days 7 and 14 PI, they decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in ID only on day 21 PI. The immune responses and serum protein values in this experiment X-ray showed less susceptibility of ducks when compared with the chickens. This may be related to marked anorexia and severe dehydration observed in the latter consequent upon serum concentration. Ducks could be maintaining the endemicity of Newcastle disease (ND) as reservoir host.

关键词： Velogenic Newcastle Disease Experimental Infection Immune Response Serum Proteins Ducks Chickens

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Optimization and kinetics of glucose production via enzymatic hydrolysis of mixed peels

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2020年第4期5卷 283-290页

作者： Michael U.Ude Ike Oluka paul C.eze Engineering Research Development and Production Projects Development Institute(PRODA)EmeneEnugu StateNigeria Department of Agricultural and Bioresource Engineering Enugu State University of Science and Technology(ESUT)Enugu StateNigeria

The optimization and kinetics of glucose production via enzymatic hydrolysis of mixed peels were carried *** substrate was characterized using proximate analysis and *** process was optimized using response surface methodology while the kinetics of the hydrolysis was studied using Michealis-menten *** results obtained showed that the mixed peels have high hemicellulose content,hydrolysable carbohydrate and *** optimum conditions for glucose yield of 79%by enzymatic hydrolysis are temperature of 36℃,time of five days,pH of 4.55 and enzyme dosage of 0.428 g/50 *** hydrolysis obeyed Michealis-Menten kinetic model with spontaneous and feasible ***,the results have proved that mixed peels(cassava and potato peels)is a good substrate for glucose production and study of other waste peels as feed-stock is recommended.

关键词： Enzymatic hydrolysis Optimization Glucose Cassava and potato peels

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Modeling the Nigerian Bonny Light Crude Oil Price: The Power of Fuzzy Time Series

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Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2021年第4期9卷 370-3900页

作者： Desmond chekwube Bartholomew Ukamaka Cynthia Orumie Chukwudi paul Obite Blessing Iheoma Duru Felix Chikereuba Akanno Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Several authors have used different classical statistical models to fit the Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil price but the application of machine learning models and Fuzzy Time Series model on the crude oil price has been grossly understudied. Therefore, in this study, a classical statistical model—Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), two machine learning models—Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Random Forest (RF) and Fuzzy Time Series (FTS) Model were compared in modeling the Nigerian Bonny Light crude oil price data for the periods from January, 2006 to December, 2020. The monthly secondary data were collected from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and Reuters website and divided into train (70%) and test (30%) sets. The train set was used in building the models and the models were validated using the test set. The performance measures used for the comparison include: The modified Diebold-Mariano test, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values. Based on the performance measures, ANN (4, 1, 1) and RF performed better than ARIMA (1, 1, 0) model but FTS model using Chen’s algorithm outperformed every other model. The results recommend the use of FTS model for forecasting future values of the Nigerian Bonny Light Crude oil. However, a hybrid model of ARIMA-ANN or ARIMA-RF should be built and compared with Chen’s algorithm FTS model for the same data set to further

关键词： ARIMA Artificial Neural Network Chen’s Algorithm Fuzzy Time Series Random Forest

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A Cox Proportional Hazard Model Approach to Age at First Sexual Intercourse in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Statistics 2020年第2期10卷 252-260页

作者： Chukwudi paul Obite Desmond chekwube Bartholomew Iheoma Blessing Duru Joan Ismaila-Cosmos Chidiebere Chukwuemeka Department of Statistics Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Early age at first sexual intercourse comes with many negative sexual outcomes namely: having unprotected sex on first sexual intercourse, condom misuse, high rate of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), teenage pregnancy, increased number of sexual partners, etc. In this paper, we considered some socio-demographic and cultural factors and their relationship with age at first sexual intercourse so as to reduce the numerous negative sexual outcomes of early age at first sexual intercourse using the 2018 Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey data. The analysis was made using the Cox proportional hazard model and the Kaplan-Meier plot. The result shows that some respondents started having their first sexual intercourse at the age of 8 years and about 54.4% of the respondents had their first sexual intercourse before age 17 years. The median age of first sexual intercourse is 16 years which implies that about 50% of the respondents had their first sexual intercourse on or before their 16th birthday. Education, religion, region and residence significantly affects the age of first sexual intercourse while circumcision has no significant effect.

关键词： Sexual Intercourse Socio-Demographic and Cultural Factors Hazard Rate Cox Proportional Hazard Model

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Direct passive hemagglutination test for rapid quantification of plasma load of the <i>Human Immunodeficiency Virus</i>

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Health 2013年第9期5卷 1351-1354页

作者： Maduike C. O. ezeibe Augustine A. Ngene Ifeanyichukwu Anene Bridget Amechi Peter Olowoniyi James I. eze paul C. Animoke Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Federal Medical Centre Umuahia Nigeria

An inexpensive and rapid test for determining titers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in plasmas was developed. Washed sheep red blood cells were applied onto HIV positive plasmas, in V-bottomed microtiter plates, to complement the HIV antigens and antibodies present in plasmas. The setup was incubated for 30 minutes at 37℃. Reciprocal of the highest dilution of each plasma which gave passive agglutination of the RBCs was read as its HIV titer. Mean HIV load of five samples, was ≥ 4096.00 ± 0.00 after one day of storage at 4℃ but it reduced to 256.00 ± 70.10, 28.80 ± 3.20, 7.20 ± 0.80 and 1.60 ± 0.98 on days 2, 3, 4 and 7, respectively. HIV antibodies were still detectable, by ELISA, in plasma dilutions that were tested negative with the new test. It was concluded that when HIV antibodies have been confirmed, or added to plasmas, passive hemagglutination test can be applied to assess their viral loads.

关键词： HIV Antibodies Antigens Plasma Sheep Red Blood Cells

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Socio-Demographic Determinant of Yellow Fever Patient: A Retrospective Study (2020), Federal Medical Center, Asaba

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第12期10卷 225-238页

作者： Ngozi Esther Ezunu Joy Ifeyinwa Egeonu Ajiri Henry Osihro Uyi-Oghosa Onyemushani Said Abdulkareem Omole Clementina Oyakhire Onyema Edith Wayemeru Chidera Olivia Okey-Ezufo Chikadibia eze-Otulaka Faith Inegbejie Clever Ajiri Oghale Diana Chinenye Ofomata Grace Nnenna Onubogu Orhomuromo paul Okpomo Eguolo Unique Okorhi Onobhase Theresa Agbele Anastacia Okwudili Ojimba Adesuwa Queen Aigbokhaode Francis Chinedu Ugoeze Victor Azubike Osiatuma Emmanuel Okechukwu Ezunu Obianuju Nkemjika Jisieike Erhinyaye Omoyibo Efe Department of Nursing Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria CCDRC Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Radiology Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Health Information Management Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria Department of Pediatrics Federal Medical Centre Asaba Nigeria

Background: Yellow fever is transmitted primarily to humans and non-human primates through the bite of an infected female mosquito Aedes Spp. It is prevented mainly by vaccination. Method: This retrospective observational study at the Center for Communicable Disease Control and Research (CCDCR) Federal Medical Center Asaba (F.M.C) was conducted on all patients diagnosed and managed with yellow fever in the year 2020. We studied a total number of 57 patients’ case files seen within the period. A chi-square test was done to test the null and alternative hypotheses. Result: About 48 (84.2%) males and female 9 (15.8%) females were mostly affected and gender was significant with a chi-squared value of 26.6 and p-value of 0.00. Conclusion: To eradicate this virus, vaccination and health promotions should be encouraged by the health care workers supported by the government. This is to ensure that a greater proportion of the affected community can be immunized.

关键词： Yellow Fever Socio-Demograpic Determinants Asaba

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