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Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry traces the geographical source of Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskali,involved in schistosomiasis transmission

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 98-99页

作者： Papa Mouhamadou Gaye eI Hadj Ibrahima Ndiaye Souleymane Doucoure Doudou Sow Mapenda Gaye Ndiaw Goumballa Carole Cassagne Coralie L'Ollivier Oleg Medianikov cheikh sokhna.stepha.e ra.que Aix-Marseille University IRD AP-HM SSA VITROME Marseille France VITROMe International IRD-UCAD Campus Dakar Senegal Hospital-University Institut (IHU) Mediterranée Infection Marseille France Departement of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Parasitology-Mycology UFR Sciences de la Santé Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal

Background Freshwater snails of the genera Bulinus spp.,Biomphalaria spp.,and Oncomelania *** the main intermediate hosts of human and animal *** of these snails has long been based on mor-phological and/or genomic criteria,which have their *** limitations include a lack of precision for the morphological tool and cost and time for the DNA-based ***,Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorp-tion/lonization Time-Of-Flight(MALDI-TOF)mass spectrometry,a new tool used which is routinely in clinical microbi-ology,has emerged in the field of malacology for the identification of freshwater *** study aimed to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS to identify Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Bulinus forskali snail populations according to their *** This study was conducted on 101 *** and 81 *** snails collected in three distinct geo-graphical areas of Senegal(the North-east,South-east and central part of the country),and supplemented with wild and laboratory *** which had previously been morphologically described were identified by MALDl-TOF MS[identification log score values(LSV)≥1.7],after an initial blind test using the pre-existing *** DNA-based identification,new reference spectra of ***(n=10)and ***(n=5)from the geographical areas were added to the MALDI-TOF spectral *** final blind test against this updated database was per-formed to assess identification at the geographic source *** MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified 92.1%of 101 *** snails and 98.8%of 81 *** *** the final blind test,88%of 166 specimens were correctly identified according to both their species and sampling site,with LSVs ranging from 1.74 to *** geographical source was adequately identified in 90.1%of 91 *** and 85.3%of 75 *** *** Our findings demonstrate that MALDI-TOF MS can identify and differe

关键词： Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry Snail Intermediate host Biomphalaria pfeifferi Bulinus forskali Schistosomiasis Senegal

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Infiltration,runoff,and slope stability behaviors of infinite slope with macropores based on an improved Green–Ampt model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2220-2235页

作者： LI Shanghui WU Guoxiong que Yun JIANG Zhenliang CHeNG Gaoyun College of Intelligent Construction Fuzhou University of International Studies and TradeFuzhou 350202China College of Civil engineering Chongqing Jiao Tong UniversityChongqing 400074China Chongqing Vocational College of Architectural engineering Chongqing 400072China College of Civil engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350000China Department of Civil and environmental engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China T.Y.Lin International engineering Consulting(China)Co.Ltd Chongqing 401120China

Infiltration–runoff–slope instability mechanism of macropore slope under heavy rainfall is *** paper studied its instability mechanism with an improved Green–Ampt(GA)model considering the dual-porosity(i.e.,matrix and macropore)and ponding condition,and proposed the infiltration equations,infiltration–runoff coupled model,and safety factor calculation *** show that the infiltration processes of macropore slope can be divided into three stages,and the proposed model is rational by a comparative *** wetting front depth of the traditional unsaturated slope is 17.2%larger than that of the macropore slope in the early rainfall stage and 27%smaller than that of the macropore slope in the late rainfall ***,macropores benefit the slope stability in the early rainfall but not in the *** flow does not occur initially but becomes pronounced with increasing rainfall *** equal depth of the wetting front in the two domains is regarded as the onset criteria of macropore *** analysis shows that macropore flow is delayed by increasing proportion of macropore domain(ω_(f)),whereas promoted by increasing ratio of saturated permeability coefficients between the two domains(μ).The increasing trend of ponding depth is sharp at first and then grows ***,when rainfall duration is less than 3 h,ωf andμhave no significant effect on the safety factor,whereas it decreases with increasingωf and increases with increasingμunder longer duration(≥3 h).With the increase ofω_(f),the slope maximum instability time advances by 10.5 h,and with the increase ofμ,the slope maximum instability time delays by 3.1 h.

关键词： Macropore slope Green–Ampt infiltration model equivalent wetting front Ponding response time Slope stability

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Identification of Antioxidant Additives in Food Products Sold in Dakar Markets

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Alé Kane Papa Amadou Diakhaté sokhna Ndao Modou Dieng Mady Cisse Amadou Diop Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology Laboratory University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

The use of food additives in industrial production has the advantage of improving sensory properties, technological quality and extending the shelf life of foods. Among the most widely used additives are antioxidants, which prevent oxidation, browning and rancidity reactions in foods. However, the strong presence of these additives on the market is not without risks for human health, and should be controlled to guarantee food safety. Analysis of the risks associated with consumption of foods containing these additives requires, among other things, information on the frequency of use of these additives in various consumer products. The aim of this study is therefore to identify the antioxidants present in industrial food products distributed in Dakar. The methodology adopted consists of a qualitative analysis based on the identification of additives from food labels. Investigations were carried out in 9 stores, 4 superettes and 2 supermarkets located in different districts of Dakar. The results revealed the presence of 12 antioxidant additives, dominated by citric acid (53%) and ascorbic acid (29%). These studies have also highlighted the simultaneous use of several antioxidants in the same food product. Moreover, for some artificial antioxidants identified antioxydant such as BHA and BHT, health risks are associated with their consumption. The results of this study open up prospects for the development of information databases on food additives.

关键词： Additives Antioxidant Food Products Market Risk

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From Fostering to Delusional Disorder of Filiation

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 283-286页

作者： Momar Camara Wissem Masmoudi el Hadji Makhtar Ba sokhna Seck Maïmouna Dieye Aïda Sylla Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Thiaroye National Psychiatric Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Fann National University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Albert Royer Childrens Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Fostering is a widespread practice in West Africa. It played an essential role in the circulation of children. The failure of its community regulation, not compensated by a legal framework, has made its practice precarious. Observation: A case study was conducted on Dior, who was hospitalised in a psychiatric ward for a delusional disorder of filiation. Dior was entrusted to her maternal grandmother and aunt at ages 2 and 9. During these fosterings, the place of the symbolic father was not substituted, causing a void that challenged her imagination. The outcome was an inscription in a genealogy where she had found herself with prestigious parents. Discussion: Fostering has strongly disrupted the family dynamics in Dior’s case. One of her options was to assume the paternal function, the use of which was perceived as a defiance or even a transgression. This same function would be a starting point of a psychosis whose filial character would only be an attempt at rectification where reality and imagination collide. Conclusion: Our study reveals the importance of stable parental figures at stake in fostering contexts, which constitute a risk factor for the development of a subsequent psychosis.

关键词： Delusional Disorder of Filiation Psychopathology Interactions Fostering Family

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experimental design of paraffin/methylated melamine-formaldehyde microencapsulated composite phase change material and the application in battery thermal management system

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 124-136页

作者： que Huang Silong Wang Jichun He Dengji Xu Safaa NAbdou Mohamed MIbrahim Shiqi Sun Yanjun Chen Handong Li Ben Bin Xu Changcheng Liu Zeinhom M.el-Bahy Zhanhu Guo School of environment and Safety engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Institute of Advanced energy Materials and Systems North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Resources and Safety engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410010China School of Medical and BioInformation engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Chemistry Khurmah University CollegeTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif 21944Saudi Arabia Mechanical and Construction engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE18STUK College of Materials Science and engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt

In order to maintain the optimal operating temperature of the battery surface and meet the demand for thermal storage technology,battery thermal management system based on phase change materials has attracted increasing *** this work,a kind of core-shell structured microcapsule was synthesized by an in-situ polymerization,where paraffin was used as the core,while methanol was applied to mod-ify the melamine-formaldehyde shell to reduce toxicity and improve thermal ***,three different types of heat conductive fillers with the same content of 10 wt.%,i.e.,nano-Al_(2)O_(3),nano-ZnO and carbon nanotubes were added,generating *** microcapsules were uniform,and were not affected by the thermal fillers,which were evenly dispersed *** composite sample with carbon nanotubes(10 wt.%)showed the highest thermal conductivity of 0.50 W/(m K)and latent heat of 139.64 J/***,according to the leakage testing and battery charge/discharge experiments,compared with Al_(2)O_(3)and ZnO,the addition of carbon nanotubes remarkably enhances the heat storage ability as latent heat from 126.98 J/g for the prepared sample with Al_(2)O_(3)and 125.86 J/g for the one with ZnO,then to 139.64 J/g,as well as dissipation performance as a cooling effect by decreasing the sur-face temperature of battery from 2%to 12%of microcapsule,composite sample with carbon nanotubes presents a broad application prospect in battery thermal management system and energy storage field.

关键词： Microcapsule Phase change material Battery Carbon nanotube Safety

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Contribution of Garcinia kola to the Productivity and economic Profitability of the Community Agricultural Area of Kedougou: Financial and Comparative Analysis of Production Factors

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and environment 2024年第1期13卷 54-66页

作者： cheikh Sarr Ngor Ndour Abdoulaye Badji Ousmane Ndiaye Hamet Diadhiou Laboratory of Agroforestry and Plant Production Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal enda eCOPOP/Tambacounda Regional Office Tambacounda Senegal Laboratory of Agriculture and environmental Sciences National High School of Agriculture Thies Senegal Senegalese Institute of Agriculture Research Oceanographic Research Center of Dakar Thiaroye Dakar Senegal

Inland fishing predominates in the Kedougou region, which has no coastline. This type of fishing does not yet meet the local population’s demand for fish products. In response to this concern, a Community Agricultural estate housing an integrated fish farm was set up in the commune of Bandafassi, in the village of Itato. Since its creation, this production unit has been faced with the problem of sourcing high-quality, low-cost, monosex male Oreochromis niloticus fry. In order to overcome this constraint, the present research focuses on the contribution of Garcinia kola to the productivity and economic profitability of the Itato farm. The aim of the research is to assess fish production in the experimental set-up and the production costs of tilapia in a controlled environment. The comparative study of the various production factors shows disparities only in the input factor, where scenarios 2 and 3 use additional products. These are 17-α-methytestosterone for scenario 2 and Garcinia kola for scenario 3. These products significantly interfere with fish production, with a fairly high mortality rate for scenario 2 (25% for two production cycles/ cohort2 (B5, B6, B7 and B8) treated with 17-α-methytestosterone). As for scenarios 1 and 3, mortalities are 5% with or without recourse to additional products (G. kola). In addition, average fish production for the three (03) scenarios is estimated at 28687.5 kg/2 cycles. It varies from one scenario to another, i.e. 30937.5 kg/2 cycles for scenarios 1 and 3 and 24187.5 kg/2 cycles for scenario 2. It is therefore higher in scenarios 1 and 3 than in scenario 2. This difference is due to the fairly large losses of individuals in scenario 2. Furthermore, the analysis of the profit and loss accounts for tilapia production varies from one scenario to another depending on the type of farm: 476 Franc CFA for scenario 1, 610 Franc CFA for scenario 2 and 472 Franc CFA for scenario 3 (F CFA = franc of the French Colonies of Africa). The Av

关键词： Farm Typology economic Profitability 17-α-Methytestosterone Garcinia kola Fish Farming Tilapia

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High critical current density in Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12) electrolyte via interfacial engineering with complex hydride

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rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 692-701页

作者： Ying-Tong Lv Teng-Fei Zhang Zhao-Tong Hu Guang-Lin Xia Ze-Ya Huang Zhen-Hua Liu Li-Hua que Cai-Ting Yuan Fang-Qin Guo Takayuki Ichikawa Xue-Bin Yu College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Centre for Hydrogenergy College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China Department of Materials Science Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Graduate School of Advanced Science and engineering Hiroshima University1-4-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima739-8527Japan

Garnet-type solid-state batteries(SSBs)are considered to be one of the most promising candidates to realize next-generation lithium metal batteries with high energy density and ***,the dendrite-induced short-circuit and the poor interfacial contact impeded the practical ***,interface engineering to achieve low interfacial resistance without high temperature calcination was developed,which Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO)was simply coated with complex hydride(Li_(4)(BH_(4))_(3)I(3L1L))in various mass ratios n(Li_(4)(BH_(4))_(3)I)-(100−n)LLZTO(10≤n≤40).The interfacial conductivity increases by more than three orders of magnitude from 8.29×10^(−6)S·cm^(−1)to 1.10×10^(−2)S·cm^(−1).Symmetric Li cells exhibit a high critical current density(CCD)of 4.0 mA·cm^(−2) and an excellent cycling stability for 200 h at 4.0 mA·cm^(−2).SSBs with polymeric sulfur-polyacrylonitrile(SPAN)cathode achieve a high discharge capacity of 1149 mAh·g^(−1) with a capacity retention of 91%after 100 cycles(0.2 C).This attempt guides a simple yet efficient strategy for obtaining a stable Li/LLZTO interface,which would promote the development of solid-state batteries.

关键词： Hydrides Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO) Critical current density Solid-state electrolytes(SSes) Lithium-sulfur batteries

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ON A UNIVeRSAL INeQUALITY FOR APPROXIMATe PHASe ISOMeTRIeS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第3期44卷 823-838页

作者：戴端旭阙海新孙龙发郑本拓 School of Science Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and energy Technology School of Mathematics and PhysicsNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding071003China Department of Mathematical Sciences University of MemphisMemphisTN38152USA

Let X and Y be two normed *** U be a non-principal ultrafilter on *** g:X→Y be a standard ε-phase isometry for someε≥ 0,i.e.,g(0)=0,and for all u.v ∈ X,||‖g(u)+g(v)‖±‖g(u)-g(v)‖|-|‖u+v‖±‖u-v‖| |≤ε.The mapping g is said to be a phase isometry provided that ε=*** this paper,we show the following universal inequality of g:for each u^(*) ∈ w^(*)-exp ‖u^(*)‖B_(x^(*)),there exist a phase function σ_(u^(*)):X→{-1,1} and φ ∈ Y^(*) with ‖φ‖=‖u^(*)‖≡α satisfying that|(u^(*),u)-σ_(u^(*))(u))|≤5/2εα,for all u ∈ *** particular,let X be a smooth Banach *** we show the following:(1) the universal inequality holds for all u^(*) ∈ X^(*);(2) the constant 5/2 can be reduced to 3/2 provided that Y~*is strictly convex;(3) the existence of such a g implies the existence of a phase isometryΘ:X→Y such that■ provided that Y^(**) has the w^(*)-Kadec-Klee property(for example,Y is both reflexive and locally uniformly convex).

关键词： ε-phase isometry phase isometry Banach space

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Phytochemical Screening and Assays of Phenolic Compounds in Senna occidentalis L. Leaf and Seed extracts

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 499-508页

作者： edmond Antoine Badock Lahat Niang Abdoulaye Dramé Célestine Nkounkou-Loumpangou Omar Touré Omar sokhna Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Mady Cissé ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Laboratoire Eau Energie Environnement et Procds Industriels (LE3PI) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal ecole Suprieure Polytechnique Centre dEtudes sur la Scurit Alimentaire et les Molcules Fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal Laboratoire de Valorisation des Produits de la Biomasse Dpartement de Chimie Universit Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sngal Unit de Chimie du Vgtal et de la Vie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bio-Organique Dpartement de Chimie Facult des Sciences et Techniques/UCAD Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal

Phytochemical screening and assay of secondary metabolites, crude extracts with distilled water, aqueous methanol, aqueous acetone and aqueous ethanol of leaves and seeds of Senna occidentalis L. were studied in this work. The aim was to verify the distribution of secondary metabolites according to S. occidentalis organs. Four leaf samples from four different localities (South, east, West and Central Senegal) and a mixed sample of seeds were used. Functional molecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins were then assessed in the leaves and seeds using various standard methods. The results show that Senna occidentalis L. leaf and seed samples display an identical and homogeneous profile, regardless of locality. They contain secondary metabolites and the polyphenol content of extracts from southern, eastern, western and central leaves is: 0.620 - 0.539 - 0.811 - 0.573 g GAe/100 g DM;flavonoids: 0.064 - 0.074 - 0.130 - 0.101 g Ce/100 g DM and tannins: 0.326 - 0.264 - 0.269 - 0.494 g TAe/100 g DM. The efficacy of S. occidentalis L. infusions in therapy is thus justified by the presence of these metabolites, whose biological properties are well known. It is then possible to explore isolation of active principles of Senna occidentalis L. leaves and even seeds for producing medicines.

关键词： Senna occidentalis L. Total Polyphenols Flavonoids Tannins

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法国教育数字化转型的动因、路径与挑战——基于《2023—2027年教育数字化战略》的分析

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电化教育研究 2024年第2期45卷 121-128页

作者：凌鹊王艳厦门大学教育研究院福建厦门361005

随着新一代数字技术在教育领域的广泛应用,数字化转型已成为全球教育发展潮流。为提升数字化全球影响力、满足数字化人才的需要及契合教育内生发展需求,法国国民教育和青年部于2023年1月颁布《2023—2027年教育数字化战略》。研究旨在... 详细信息

随着新一代数字技术在教育领域的广泛应用,数字化转型已成为全球教育发展潮流。为提升数字化全球影响力、满足数字化人才的需要及契合教育内生发展需求,法国国民教育和青年部于2023年1月颁布《2023—2027年教育数字化战略》。研究旨在通过对法国教育数字化战略、相关政策文件和学术文献的系统深入分析,阐明法国教育数字化转型的推进路径、实现策略与现实挑战。该战略提出四大行动举措:完善教育生态系统、设立教育数据中心项目、搭建数字社区、配齐个人设备。整体而言,该战略呈现重理念、重教学、重合作的显著特点。但是政策在推行过程中仍面临一系列挑战:教育数字平台操作方式烦琐,用户体验感下降;教师教学能力与数字技能割裂,技术应用薄弱;教育生态系统参与者协调困难,机制运行受阻等。法国教育数字化转型的行动逻辑与改革路向为实现我国教育数字化转型提供了有益参考。

关键词：法国教育数字化数字化转型教育变革战略行动

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