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Frequency multiplication with toroidal mode number of kink/fishbone modes on a static HL-2A-like tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第12期24卷 56-66页

作者： Zhihui ZOU Ping ZHU charlson c kim Wei DENG Xianqu WANG Yawei HOU cAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsin 53706United States of America SLS2 consulting San DiegoCalifornia 92107United States of America Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People's Republic of China Institute of Fusion Science School of Physical Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031People's Republic of China School of Mathematics and Physics Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230601People's Republic of China

In the presence of energetic particles(EPs),the long-lived mode(LLM) frequency multiplication with n=1,2,3,or higher is often observed on HL-2A,where n is the toroidal mode *** kinetic-MHD model simulations of the energetic particle(EP) driven kink/fishbone modes on a static HL-2A-like tokamak using NIMROD code find that when the background plasma pressure is relatively high,and the EP pressure and the beam energy are relatively low,the mode frequency increases almost linearly with EP pressure,and the frequency is proportional to n(’frequency multiplication’),even in the absence of any equilibrium plasma *** addition,the frequency multiplication persists as the safety factor at the magnetic axis q_(0)*** the absence of EPs,the growth rate of the 1/1 mode is the largest;however,as the EP pressure increases,the growth rate of 2/2 modes or 3/3 modes becomes dominant,suggesting that higher-n modes are more vulnerable to *** results may shed light on the understanding of the toroidal mode number dependence of kink/fishbone modes in the advanced scenarios of tokamaks with weak or reversed central magnetic shear.

关键词： internal kink mode fishbone mode long-lived mode(LLM) energetic particles(EPs) HL-2A NIMROD

cFETR基准方案高能粒子激发阿尔芬本征模的数值模拟研究

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CFETR基准方案高能粒子激发阿尔芬本征模的数值模拟研究

Hyperreflective photonic crystals created by shearing colloidal dispersions at ultrahigh volume fraction

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作者：侯雅巍朱平邹志慧 cFETR物理组 charlson c.kim 中国科学技术大学

托卡马克中,中性束和射频波加热过程中产生的高能粒子能够激发阿尔芬波不稳定性。聚变堆中,氘氚反应产生的3.5兆电子伏阿尔法粒子同样也会激发阿尔芬波不稳定性。高能粒子和阿尔芬波相互作用是中国聚变工程实验堆维持长脉冲稳态运行的... 详细信息

托卡马克中,中性束和射频波加热过程中产生的高能粒子能够激发阿尔芬波不稳定性。聚变堆中,氘氚反应产生的3.5兆电子伏阿尔法粒子同样也会激发阿尔芬波不稳定性。高能粒子和阿尔芬波相互作用是中国聚变工程实验堆维持长脉冲稳态运行的关键物理问题之一。我们使用阿尔芬波本征分析程序AWEAc(Alfven Wave Eigen-Analysis code)和动理学-磁流体混合模拟程序NIMROD,对cFETR(中国聚变工程实验堆)的基准方案中,高能粒子激发的环向阿尔芬本征模进行了初步的本征分析和线性模拟。AWEAc程序和NOVA/NOVA-k功能类似,优点是能够处理上下不对称的截面。在NIMROD程序中,利用粒子云-网格方法求解高能粒子的动理学方程,通过压强项,耦合描述背景等离子的三维磁流体方程,实现混合模拟。cFETR基准方案平衡基于自洽的芯部-台基-平衡耦合的OMFIT集成模拟,具有强反剪切的q剖面。我们使用慢化分布来模拟氘中性束注入产生的高能粒子的初始分布。研究了不同环向模数对应的高能粒子激发的环向阿尔芬本征模的增长率随模数的变化关系。首次获得了中国聚变工程实验堆的基准方案中高能粒子激发的环向阿尔芬本征模的二维扭曲结构和明显的反剪切阿尔芬本征模特征结构。同时,将频率、极向主导模数、模的径向位置等和本征程序的结果做了比较分析。

关键词：高能粒子阿尔芬本征模中国聚变工程实验堆 NIMROD AWEAc

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 161-173页

作者： Minji kim Jong Bin kim Shin-Hyun kim Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

colloidal crystallization serves as one of the most economic and scalable production methods for photonic ***,insufficient optical performance,nonuniformity and low reproducibility remain challenges for advanced high-value *** this study,we optimally formulate a photocurable dispersion of silica particles and apply shear flow to unify the orientation of the colloidal crystals,ensuring high optical performance and *** silica particles experience strong repulsion at ultrahigh volume fractions of 50%but demonstrate low mobility,leading to polycrystalline *** shear flow to the dispersions allows the silica particles to rearrange into larger crystalline domains with a unidirectional orientation along the *** shear-induced structural change produces absolute reflectivity at the stopband as high as 90%and a high transparency of 90%at off-resonant wavelengths with minimal diffusive ***,the strong interparticle repulsion ensures a uniform volume fraction of particles throughout the dispersion,reducing deviations in the optical *** intricately micropattern the photocurable dispersions using ***,the photonic films and patterns can be stacked to form multiple layers,displaying mixed structural colors and multiple reflectance peaks without sacrificing *** superior photonic materials hold promise for various optical applications,including optical components and anticounterfeiting patches.

关键词： properties. dispersion reflectivity

Boosted Lithium-Ion Transport Kinetics in n-Type Siloxene Anodes Enabled by Selective Nucleophilic Substitution of Phosphorus

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 618-637页

作者： Se In kim Woong-Ju kim Jin Gu Kang Dong-Wan kim School of civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea University02841 SeoulSouth Korea Nanophotonics Research center Korea Institute of Science and Technology02792 SeoulSouth Korea

Doped two-dimensional(2D)materials hold significant promise for advancing many technologies,such as microelectronics,optoelectronics,and energy ***,n-type 2D oxidized Si nanosheets,namely n-type siloxene(n-SX),are employed as Li-ion battery *** thermal evaporation of sodium hypophosphite at 275℃,P atoms are effectively incorporated into siloxene(SX)without compromising its 2D layered morphology and unique Kautsky-type crystal ***,selective nucleophilic substitution occurs,with only Si atoms being replaced by P atoms in the O_(3)≡Si-H *** resulting n-SX possesses two delocalized electrons arising from the presence of two electron donor types:(i)P atoms residing in Si sites and(ii)H *** doping concentrations are varied by controlling the amount of precursors or their mean free *** at 2000 mA g^(-1),the n-SX electrode with the optimized doping concentration(6.7×10^(19) atoms cm^(-3))delivers a capacity of 594 mAh g^(-1) with a 73%capacity retention after 500 *** improvements originate from the enhanced kinetics of charge transport processes,including electronic conduction,charge transfer,and solid-state *** approach proposed herein offers an unprecedented route for engineering SX anodes to boost Li-ion storage.

关键词： Li-ion battery Two-dimensional N-type siloxene Doping mechanism Kinetics

Postmortem ^(7)Li NMR analysis for assessing the reversibility of lithium metal electrodes in lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 430-440页

作者： Jaewon Baek Sunha kim Hee-Tak kim Oc Hee Han Department of chemical&Biomolecular Engineering KAISTDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Metropolitan Seoul center Korea Basic Science InstituteSeoul 03759Republic of Korea Graduate School of Analytical Science&Technology Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Despite the proficiency of lithium(Li)-7 NMR spectroscopy in delineating the physical and chemical states of Li metal electrodes,challenges in specimen preparation and interpretation impede its *** this study,we conducted a comprehensive postmortem analysis utilizing ^(7)Li NMR,employing a stan-dard magic angle spinning probe to examine protective-layer coated Li metal electrodes and LiAg alloy electrodes against bare Li metal electrodes within Li metal batteries(LMBs).Our investigation explores the effects of sample burrs,alignment with the magnetic field,the existence of liquid electrolytes,and precycling on the ^(7)Li NMR *** contrasting NMR spectra before and after cycling,we identi-fied alterations in Li^(0) and Li^(+) signals attributable to the degradation of the Li metal *** NMR analyses decisively demonstrate the efficacy of the protective layer in mitigating dendrite and solid elec-trolyte interphase ***,we noted that Li*ions near the Li metal surface exhibit magnetic susceptibility anisotropy,revealing a novel approach to studying diamagnetic species on Li metal elec-trodes in *** study provides valuable insights and practical guidelines for characterizing distinct lithium states within LMBs.

关键词： NMR spectroscopy Lithium-7 Lithium metal battery Electrolyte Electrode-protective layer Solid electrolyte interface Magnetic susceptibility anisotropy Lithium-metal NMR signal Diamagnetic^(7)Li NMR signal

A comprehensive review on the resynthesis of ternary cathode active materials from the leachate of Li-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 446-463,I0010页

作者： Dongwoo kim Hyeoncheol Joo chanmin kim Seoa kim Wan-Yi kim Sangwoo Han Joongkil Park Soyeon Park Heechul Jung Sanghyuk Park Kyungjung Kwon Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea LIB Recycling Research Group LIB Materials R&D CenterPOSCO HoldingsPohang 37859Republic of Korea Department of Future Energy convergence Seoul National University of Science&Technology232 Gongreung-roNowon-guSeoul 01811Republic of Korea Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Flying Vehicles Institute Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea

This review highlights the importance of recovering valuable metals from spent Li-ion battery(LIB)cathodes through the resynthesis of cathode active materials(cAMs).The resynthesis process of cAMs,a promising recycling method that directly produces cAM precursors from LIB leachate,is *** process encompasses six key steps,including pretreatment,leaching,purification,adjustment of metal concentrations,precursor synthesis,and *** review also investigates the potential introduction of impurity elements during cAM resynthesis and provides tolerance levels for these impurities based on thorough reference ***,it addresses challenges related to the commercialization of the resynthesis ***,this review represents the first comprehensive assessment of cAM resynthesis,including the systematic evaluation of 12 impurity elements(Fe,Li,Al,cu,c,P,F,Na,cl,S,Mg,and Zn).Overall,this comprehensive review is poised to support the commercial development of resynthesized cAMs by offering valuable guidelines for managing impurities and streamlining the purification process.

关键词： Li-ion battery Recycling Resynthesis Leachate Impurity

Recent Advances in Patterning Strategies for Full‑color Perovskite Light‑Emitting Diodes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 99-137页

作者： Gwang Heon Lee Kiwook kim Yunho kim Jiwoong Yang Moon Kee choi Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering Center for Future Semiconductor Technology(FUST)Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Energy Science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Energy Science and Engineering Research center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea center for Nanoparticle Research Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Seoul 08826Republic of Korea

Metal halide perovskites have emerged as promising light-emitting materials for next-generation displays owing to their remarkable material characteristics including broad color tunability,pure color emission with remarkably narrow bandwidths,high quantum yield,and solution *** recent advances have pushed the luminance efficiency of monochromic perovskite light-emitting diodes(PeLEDs)to their theoretical limits,their current fabrication using the spincoating process poses limitations for fabrication of full-color *** integrate PeLEDs into full-color display panels,it is crucial to pattern red–green–blue(RGB)perovskite pixels,while mitigating issues such as cross-contamination and reductions in luminous ***,we present state-of-the-art patterning technologies for the development of full-color ***,we highlight recent advances in the development of efficient ***,we discuss various patterning techniques of MPHs(i.e.,photolithography,inkjet printing,electron beam lithography and laserassisted lithography,electrohydrodynamic jet printing,thermal evaporation,and transfer printing)for fabrication of RGB pixelated *** patterning techniques can be classified into two distinct approaches:in situ crystallization patterning using perovskite precursors and patterning of colloidal perovskite *** review highlights advancements and limitations in patterning techniques for PeLEDs,paving the way for integrating PeLEDs into full-color panels.

关键词： Perovskite Light-emitting diode Full-color display High-resolution patterning Electroluminescence

Data driven computational design of stable oxygen evolution catalysts by DFT and machine learning:Promising electrocatalysts

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 645-655页

作者： Hwanyeol Park Yunseok kim Seulwon choi Ho Jun kim Department of Display Materials Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanChung-nam 31538Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Materials Devicesand Equipment EngineeringSoonchunhyang Uni-versityAsanChungnam 31538Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang University ERICA Campus55 Hanyangdaehak-roSangnok-guAnsanGyeonggi-do 15588Republic of Korea

The revolutionary development of machine learning(ML),data science,and analytics,coupled with its application in material science,stands as a significant milestone of the scientific community over the last *** active,stable,and cost-efficient catalysts is crucial for oxygen evolution reaction owing to the significance in a range of electrochemical energy co nversion *** this work,we have demonstrated an efficient approach of high-throughput screening to find stable transition metal oxides under acid condition for high-performance oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts through density functional theory(DFT)calculation and a machine learning algorithm.A methodology utilizing both the Materials Project database and DFT calculations was introduced to assess the acid stability under specific reaction *** upon this,OER catalytic activity of acid-stable materials was examined,highlighting potential OER catalysts that meet the required *** identified IrO_(2),Fe(SbO_(3))_(2),co(SbO_(3))_(2),Ni(SbO_(3))_(2),FeSbO_(4),Fe(SbO_(3))4,MoWO_(6),TiSnO_(4),coSbO_(4),and Ti(WO_(4))_(2)as promising catalysts,several of which have already been experimentally discovered for their robust OER performance,while others are novel for experimental exploration,thereby broadening the chemical scope for efficient OER *** of the bond length of TM-O and the first ionization energy were used to unveil the OER activity *** the calculated results,guidance has been derived to effectively execute advanced high-throughput screenings for the discovery of catalysts with favorable ***,the intrinsic correlation between catalytic performance and various atomic and structural factors was elucidated using the ML *** these approaches,we not only streamline the choice of the promising electrocatalysts but also offer insights for the design of varied catalyst models and the discovery of superior c

关键词： Transition metal oxides Oxygen evolution reaction High-throughput screening First-principles calculation Machine learning

Programmable directional color dynamics using plasmonics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 325-334页

作者： Gyurin kim Doeun kim Soeun Ko Jang-Hwan Han Juhwan kim Joo Hwan Ko Young Min Song Hyeon-Ho Jeong School of Electrical Engineering and computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Artificial Intelligence(AI)Graduate School Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea

Adaptive multicolor filters have emerged as key components for ensuring color accuracy and resolution in outdoor visual ***,the current state of this technology is still in its infancy and largely reliant on liquid crystal devices that require high voltage and bulky structural ***,we present a multicolor nanofilter consisting of multilayered‘active’plasmonic nanocomposites,wherein metallic nanoparticles are embedded within a conductive polymer *** nanocomposites are fabricated with a total thickness below 100 nm using a‘lithography-free’method at the wafer level,and they inherently exhibit three prominent optical modes,accompanying scattering phenomena that produce distinct dichroic reflection and transmission ***,a pivotal achievement is that all these colors are electrically manipulated with an applied external voltage of less than 1 V with 3.5 s of switching speed,encompassing the entire visible ***,this electrically programmable multicolor function enables the effective and dynamic modulation of the color temperature of white light across the warm-to-cool spectrum(3250 K-6250 K).This transformative capability is exceptionally valuable for enhancing the performance of outdoor optical devices that are independent of factors such as the sun’s elevation and prevailing weather conditions.

关键词： directional prevailing exceptional