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Journal of Bi.resources and Bi.products 2024年第1期9卷 27-42页

作者： charles Mi.hael Albert Kang Chi.ng Li.w Faculty of Tropi.al Forestry Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Kota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia

Due to thei. durabi.i.y,versati.i.y,and aestheti. value,wood and wood-based composi.es are wi.ely used as bui.di.g *** fact that these materi.ls are flammable,however,rai.es a major worry si.ce they mi.ht cause fi.e hazards and si.ni.i.ant loss of li.e and *** arti.le i.vesti.ates the vari.bles that affect fi.e performance as well as the vari.us fi.e-retardant treatments and thei. *** current developments and challenges i. i.provi.g the fi.e performance of wood and wood-based composi.es treated wi.h fi.e-retardant materi.ls are summari.ed i. thi. ***,organi. chemi.als,and densi.i.ati.n are some recent developments i. fi.e-retardant treatments that are also *** poi.ts from the revi.w are summari.ed,along wi.h potenti.l areas for further research and development.

关键词： Fi.e performance Fi.e-retardant materi.ls Wood Wood-based composi.e Nanoparti.les coati.g Surface charri.g Bi.-based fi.e retardant Densi.i.ati.n

Hi.tori.,pre-stock enhancement,demographi. condi.i.ns of exploi.ed populati.ns of dusky flathead,Platycephalus fuscus,i. eastern Australi.

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Aquaculture and Fi.heri.s 2024年第2期9卷 314-323页

作者： charles A.Gray Wi.dFi.h Research Grays PointSydney2232Australia

Responsi.le stock enhancement i.i.i.ti.es requi.e baseli.e data of wi.d populati.n demographi. condi.i.ns that can be used i. testi.g management *** study provi.es the fi.st fi.hery-i.dependent assessment of length-and age-based bi.logi.al characteri.ti.s of exploi.ed populati.ns of Platycephalus fuscus i. eastern Australi. pri.r to stock *** was conducted over seven estuari.s spanni.g seven degrees of lati.ude and the geographi.al range of proposed stock *** i. all estuari.s showed evi.ence of length and age truncati.n,especi.lly those subject to commerci.l fi.heri.s where young i.di.i.uals of both sexes domi.ated *** longevi.i.s were 12 and 11 years for females and males respecti.ely,but few females>5 years and males>3 years were generally *** domi.ated populati.ns,and on average,the mean lengths and ages of females were greater than males wi.hi. each estuary and across all age *** di.orphi. vari.ti.n i. growth was evi.ent across all estuari.s,wi.h females attai.i.g greater maxi.um lengths than ***-speci.i. di.ferences i. i.di.i.ual growth were not *** average,over 50%of females sampled i. each estuary were>the mi.i.um legal length(MLL),but the opposi.e was evi.ent for *** contrast,over 25%of males i. each estuary were>the mean length at maturi.y(L50),whereas i. all but one estuarythe *** male and female *** should recrui. to the fi.hery i. 2 and 3 years,and contri.ute to the spawni.g stock i. 1.5 and 4.5 years,*** study provi.es i.portant hi.tori.al baseli.e data that can contri.ute to testi.g stock enhancement outcomes on populati.ns.

关键词： Baseli.e data Fi.hery enhancement Management evaluati.n Platycephali.ae Recreati.nal fi.hi.g Restocki.g Stock assessment

NRF2 si.nali.g cascade i. amyotrophi. lateral sclerosi.:bri.gi.g the gap between promi.e and reali.y

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2024年第5期19卷 1006-1012页

作者： Pauli.e Tarot Chri.telle Lasblei. Jean-charles Li.vens MMDN Univ MontpellierEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance CNRS ParisFranceEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance

Amyotrophi. lateral sclerosi. i. a very di.abli.g di.ease due to the degenerati.n of motor *** i.clude muscle weakness and atrophy,spasti.i.y,and progressi.e ***,there i. no treatment to reverse damage to motor neurons and cure amyotrophi. lateral *** only two treatments actually approved,ri.uzole and edaravone,have shown mi.i.ated benefi.i.l *** di.fi.ulty to fi.d a cure li.s i. the complexi.y and multi.aceted pattern of amyotrophi. lateral sclerosi. *** mechani.ms,abnormal RNA metaboli.m,nucleocytoplasmi. transport defects,accumulati.n of unfolded protei.,and mi.ochondri.l dysfuncti.n would i. fi.e i.duce oxi.ati.e damage and vi.e versa.A potent therapeuti. strategy wi.l be to fi.d molecules that break thi. vi.i.us *** the nuclear factor erythroi.-2 related factor 2 si.nali.g may fulfi.l thi. objecti.e si.ce nuclear factor erythroi.-2 related factor 2 has a multi.arget profi.e controlli.g anti.xi.ant defense,mi.ochondri.l functi.ni.g,and *** here di.cuss the i.terest of developi.g nuclear factor erythroi.-2 related factor 2-based therapy i. regard to the pathophysi.logi.al mechani.ms and we provi.e a general overvi.w of the attempted cli.i.al assays i. amyotrophi. lateral sclerosi..

关键词： amyotrophi. lateral sclerosi. C9orf72 NRF2 oxi.ati.e defense oxi.ati.e stress sulforaphane superoxi.e di.mutase 1 TDP43

Functi.n and dysfuncti.n of GEMi.5:understandi.g a novel neurodevelopmental di.order

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： charles H.Nelson Udai.B.Pandey Department of Pedi.tri.s Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Chi.dren’s Neurosci.nce i.sti.ute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent i.enti.i.ati.n of a neurodevelopmental di.order wi.h cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfuncti.n(NEDCAM)has resulted i. an i.creased i.terest i. GEMi.5,a multi.uncti.n RNA-bi.di.g *** the largest member of the survi.al motor neuron complex,GEMi.5 plays a key role i. the bi.genesi. of small nuclear ri.onucleoprotei.s whi.e also exhi.i.i.g translati.nal regulatory functi.ns as an i.dependent *** many questi.ns remai. regardi.g both the pathogenesi. and pathophysi.logy of thi. new di.order,consi.erable progress has been made i. the bri.f ti.e si.ce i.s *** thi. revi.w,we exami.e GEMi.5 wi.hi. the context of NEDCAM,focusi.g on the structure,functi.n,and expressi.n of the protei. speci.i.ally i. regard to the di.order ***,we explore the current ani.al models of NEDCAM,as well as potenti.l molecular pathways for treatment and future di.ecti.ns of *** revi.w provi.es a comprehensi.e overvi.w of recent advances i. our understandi.g of thi. uni.ue member of the survi.al motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMi.5 neurodevelopmental di.order neurologi.al di.ease SMN complex

Endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress,autophagy,neuroi.flammati.n,and si.ma 1 receptors as contri.utors to depressi.n and i.s treatment

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chi.a Fuji. charles F.Zorumski.Yuki.oshi.i.umi Department of Psychi.try Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Fami.y i.sti.ute for i.novati.e Psychi.tri. Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The eti.logi.al factors contri.uti.g to depressi.n and other neuropsychi.tri. di.orders are largely undefi.ed. Endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defi.ed mechani.ms that play cri.i.al functi.ns i. recogni.i.g and resolvi.g cellular stress and are possi.le targets for the pathophysi.logy and treatment of psychi.tri. and neurologi. i.lnesses. An i.creasi.g number of studi.s i.di.ate the i.volvement of endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress and autophagy i. the control of neuroi.flammati.n, a contri.uti.g factor to multi.le neuropsychi.tri. i.lnesses. i.i.i.l i.flammatory tri.gers i.duce endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress, leadi.g to neuroi.flammatory responses. Subsequently, i.ducti.n of autophagy by neurosteroi.s and other si.nali.g pathways that converge on autophagy i.ducti.n are thought to parti.i.ate i. resolvi.g neuroi.flammati.n. The ai. of thi. revi.w i. to summari.e our current understandi.g of the molecular mechani.ms governi.g the i.ducti.n of endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress, autophagy, and neuroi.flammati.n i. the central nervous system. Studi.s focused on i.nate i.mune factors, i.cludi.g neurosteroi.s wi.h anti.i.flammatory roles wi.l be revi.wed. i. the context of depressi.n, ani.al models that led to our current understandi.g of molecular mechani.ms underlyi.g depressi.n wi.l be hi.hli.hted, i.cludi.g the roles of si.ma 1 receptors and pharmacologi.al agents that dampen endoplasmi. reti.ulum stress and associ.ted neuroi.flammati.n.

关键词： allopregnanolone fluvoxami.e ketami.e neurosteroi.s postpartum depressi.n querceti.

Evoluti.n of the rare earth trade network:A perspecti.e of dependency and competi.i.n

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Geosci.nce Fronti.rs 2024年第3期15卷 183-191页

作者： Ji.an Xu Ji.hao Li.Vi.cent charles Xi. Zhao School of Urban and Regi.nal Sci.nce Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China School of Busi.ess East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Management University of BradfordBradford BD71DPUnited Kingdom School of Stati.ti.s and Appli.d Mathemati.s Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu 233030China

As a global strategi. reserve resource,rare earth has been wi.ely used i. i.portant i.dustri.s,such as mi.i.ary equi.ment and ***,exi.ti.g analyses based solely on the total volume of rare earth trade fai. to uncover the underlyi.g competi.i.n and dependency *** address thi. gap,thi. paper employs the pri.ci.les of trade preference and i.port si.i.ari.y to construct dependency and competi.i.n *** network analysi. i. then employed to study the evoluti.n of the global rare earth trade network from 2002 to *** mai. conclusi.ns are as *** global rare earth trade follows the Pareto pri.ci.le,and the trade network shows a scale-free *** has emerged as the world’s largest i.porter and exporter of rare earth si.ce *** the dependency network,Chi.a has become the most dependent country si.ce *** result of communi.y di.i.i.n shows that Chi.a has separated from the Ameri.an communi.y and formed new communi.i.s wi.h the Associ.ti.n of Southeast Asi.n Nati.ns(ASEAN)*** Uni.ed States of Ameri.a has formed a super-strong communi.y wi.h European and Asi.n *** the competi.i.n network,the di.tri.uti.n of competi.i.n i.tensi.y follows a scale-free *** countri.s face low-i.tensi.y competi.i.n,but there are numerous competi.g *** competi.i.n related to Chi.a has i.creased ***,the competi.i.n source for the Uni.ed States of Ameri.a has shi.ted from Mexi.o to Chi.a,resulti.g i. Chi.a,the USA,and Japan becomi.g the core parti.i.ants i. the competi.i.n network.

关键词： Rare earth Trade network Dependency Competi.i.n Complex network analysi.

Three-di.ensi.nal numeri.al analysi. of plant-soi. hydrauli. i.teracti.ns on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under di.ferent rai.fall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechani.s and Geotechni.al Engi.eeri.g 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： Haowen Guo charles Wang Wai.Ng Qi.Zhang Department of Ci.i. and Envi.onmental Engi.eeri.g The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understandi.g the pore water pressure di.tri.uti.n i. unsaturated soi. i. cruci.l i. predi.ti.g shallow landsli.es tri.gered by rai.fall,mai.ly when deali.g wi.h di.ferent temporal patterns of rai.fall ***,the hydrologi.al response of vegetated slopes,especi.lly three-di.ensi.nal(3D)slopes covered wi.h shrubs,under di.ferent rai.fall patterns remai.s unclear and requi.es further *** address thi. i.sue,thi. study adopts a novel 3D numeri.al model for si.ulati.g hydrauli. i.teracti.ns between the root system of the shrub and the surroundi.g *** seri.s of numeri.al parametri. studi.s are conducted to i.vesti.ate the i.fluences of slope i.cli.ati.n,rai.fall pattern and rai.fall *** rai.fall patterns(advanced,bi.odal,delayed,and uni.orm)and two rai.fall durati.ns(4-h i.tense and 168-h mi.d rai.fall)are consi.ered to study the hydrologi.al response of the *** computed results show that 17%hi.her transpi.ati.n-i.duced sucti.n i. found for a steeper slope,whi.h remai.s even after a short,i.tense rai.fall wi.h a 100-year return *** extreme rai.falls wi.h advanced(PA),bi.odal(PB)and uni.orm(PU)rai.fall patterns need to be consi.ered for the short rai.fall durati.n(4 h),whi.e the delayed(PD)and uni.orm(PU)rai.fall patterns are hi.hly recommended for long rai.fall durati.ns(168 h).The presence of plants can i.prove slope stabi.i.y markedly under extreme rai.fall wi.h a short durati.n(4 h).For the long durati.n(168 h),the benefi. of the plant i. preservi.g pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stabi.i.y may not be suffi.i.nt.

关键词： Root-soi. i.teracti.ns Rai.fall patterns Slope stabi.i.y Three-di.ensi.nal(3D)

Metaboli. reprogrammi.g of the i.flammatory response i. the nervous system:the crossover between i.flammati.n and metaboli.m

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus Amo-Apari.i. charles A.Di.arello Ruben Lopez-Vales Department of Medi.i.e University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA i.sti.ute of Neurosci.nces and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro de i.vesti.aci.n Bi.médi.a en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerati.as(Ci.ERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metaboli.m i. a fundamental process by whi.h bi.chemi.als are broken down to produce energy(cataboli.m) or used to bui.d macromolecules(anaboli.m). Metaboli.m has recei.ed renewed attenti.n as a mechani.m that generates molecules that modulate multi.le cellular responses. Thi. was fi.st i.enti.i.d i. cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but i. i. also present i. i.munocompetent cells. Studi.s have revealed a bi.i.ecti.nal i.fluence of cellular metaboli.m and i.mune cell functi.n, hi.hli.hti.g the si.ni.i.ance of metaboli. reprogrammi.g i. i.mune cell acti.ati.n and effector functi.ns. Metaboli. processes such as glycolysi., oxi.ati.e phosphorylati.n, and fatty aci. oxi.ati.n have been shown to undergo dynami. changes duri.g i.mune cell response, faci.i.ati.g the energeti. and bi.syntheti. demands. Thi. revi.w ai.s to provi.e a better understandi.g of the metaboli. reprogrammi.g that occurs i. di.ferent i.mune cells upon acti.ati.n, wi.h a speci.l focus on central nervous system di.orders. Understandi.g the metaboli. changes of the i.mune response not only provi.es i.si.hts i.to the fundamental mechani.ms that regulate i.mune cell functi.n but also opens new approaches for therapeuti. strategi.s ai.ed at mani.ulati.g the i.mune system.

关键词： central nervous system fatty aci. oxi.ati.n glycolysi. i.flammati.n macrophage metaboli.m mi.rogli. neurodegenerati.n oxi.ati.e phosphorylati.n

Glyphosate as a di.ect or i.di.ect acti.ator of pro-i.flammatory si.nali.g and cogni.i.e i.pai.ment

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yuki.oshi.i.umi.Kazuko A.O'Dell charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychi.try Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Fami.y i.sti.ute for i.novati.e Psychi.tri. Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbi.i.es are wi.ely used around the world, maki.g i. li.ely that most humans have si.ni.i.ant exposure. Because of habi.ual exposure, there are concerns about toxi.i.y i.cludi.g neurotoxi.i.y that could result i. neurologi.al, psychi.tri., or cogni.i.e i.pai.ment. We recently found that a si.gle i.jecti.n of glyphosate i.hi.i.s long-term potenti.ti.n, a cellular model of learni.g and memory, i. rat hi.pocampal sli.es di.sected 1 day after i.jecti.n, i.di.ati.g that glyphosate-based herbi.i.es can alter cogni.i.e functi.n. Glyphosate-based herbi.i.es could adversely affect cogni.i.e functi.n ei.her i.di.ectly and/or di.ectly. i.di.ectly, glyphosate could affect gut mi.robi.ta, and i. dysbi.si. results i. endotoxemi.(leaky gut), i.fi.trated bacteri.l by-products such as li.opolysacchari.es could acti.ate pro-i.flammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also di.ectly tri.ger pro-i.flammatory cascades. i.deed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure i.hi.i.s long-term potenti.ti.n i. rat hi.pocampal sli.es. i.teresti.gly, di.ect i.hi.i.i.n of long-term potenti.ti.n by glyphosate appears to be si.i.ar to that of li.opolysacchari.es. There are several possi.le measures to control dysbi.si. and neuroi.flammati.n caused by glyphosate. Di.tary i.take of polyphenols, such as querceti., whi.h overcome the i.hi.i.ory effect of glyphosate on long-term potenti.ti.n, could be one effecti.e strategy. The ai. of thi. narrati.e revi.w i. to di.cuss possi.le mechani.ms underlyi.g neurotoxi.i.y followi.g glyphosate exposure as a means to i.enti.y potenti.l treatments.

关键词： cogni.i.e i.pai.ment glyphosate mi.rogli. neuroi.flammati.n roundup toll-li.e receptor 4 zi.c chelati.n

Plant grafti.g:Molecular mechani.ms and appli.ati.ns

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 75-91页

作者： Mi.g Feng Frauke Augstei. abdul Kareem charles W.Melnyk Department of Plant Bi.logy Linnean Center for Plant BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlmas allé575651 UppsalaSweden

People have grafted plants si.ce anti.ui.y for propagati.n,to i.crease yi.lds,and to i.prove stress *** cutti.g and joi.i.g of ti.sues acti.ates an i.credi.le regenerati.e abi.i.y as di.ferent plants fuse and grow as *** over a hundred years,people have studi.d the sci.nti.i. basi. for how plants ***,new techni.ues and a deepeni.g knowledge of the molecular basi. for graft formati.n have allowed a range of previ.usly ungraftable combi.ati.ns to ***,we revi.w recent developments i. our understandi.g of graft formati.n,i.cludi.g the attachment and vascular formati.n *** analyze why plants graft and how bi.ti. and abi.ti. factors i.fluence successful *** also di.cuss the abi.i.y and i.abi.i.y of plants to graft,and how grafti.g has transformed both horti.ulture and fundamental plant *** our knowledge about plant grafti.g i.proves,new combi.ati.ns and techni.ues wi.l emerge to allow an expanded use of grafti.g for horti.ultural appli.ati.ns and to address fundamental research questi.ns.

关键词： plant grafti.g regenerati.n mobi.e molecules ti.sue adhesi.n vascular di.ferenti.ti.n stress tolerance