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Look into my eyes:What can eye-based measures tell us about the relationship between physical activity and cognitive performance?

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2023年第5期12卷 568-591页

作者： Liye Zou Fabian herold Sebastian Ludyga Keita Kamijo Notger G.Muller Matthew B.Pontifex Matthew heath Ryuta Kuwamizu hideaki Soya charles h.hillman Soichi Ando Brandon L.Alderman Boris Cheval Arthur F.Kramer Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory School of PsychologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases MovementFaculty of Health Sciences BrandenburgUniversity of PotsdamPotsdam 14476Germany Department of Sport Exerciseand HealthUniversity of BaselBasel 4052Switzerland Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences Chukyo UniversityNagoya 466-8666Japan Department of Kinesiology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA School of Kinesiology Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Western OntarioLondon ON N6A 3K7Canada Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging University of Western OntarioLondon ONN6A 3K7Canada Graduate Program in Neuroscience University of Western OntarioLondon ONN6A 3K7Canada Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-0006Japan Sport Neuroscience Division Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance(ARIHHP)Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-0006Japan Center for Cognitive and Brain health Department of PsychologyDepartment of Physical TherapyMovementand Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-CommunicationsTokyo 182-8585Japan Department of Kinesiology and health Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew BrunswickNJ 08854USA Swiss Center for Affective Sciences University of GenevaGeneva 1205Switzerland Laboratory for the Study of Emotion Elicitation and Expression(E3Lab) Department of PsychologyUniversity of GenevaGeneva 1205Switzerland Department of Psychology Center for Cognitive and Brain HealthNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Beckman Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

Background:There is a growing interest to understand the neurobiological mechanisms that drive the positive associations of physical activity and fitness with measures of cognitive *** better understand those mechanisms,several studies have employed eye-based measures(e.g., eye movement measures such as saccades,pupillary measures such as pupil dilation,and vascular measures such as retinal vessel diameter)deemed to be proxies for specific neurobiological ***,there is currently no systematic review providing a comprehensive overview of these studies in the field of exercise-cognition ***,this review aimed to address that gap in the ***:To identify eligible studies,we searched 5 electronic databases on October 23,*** researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise(TESTEX scale,for interventional studies) and the critical appraisal tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute(for cross-sectional studies).Results:Our systematic review(n=35 studies) offers the following main findings:(a) there is insufficient evidence available to draw solid conclusions concerning gaze-fixation-based measures;(b) the evidence that pupillometric measures,which are a proxy for the noradrenergic system,can explain the positive effect of acute exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness on cognitive performance is mixed;(c) physical training-or fitness-related changes of the cerebrovascular system(operationalized via changes in retinal vasculature) are,in general,positively associated with cognitive performance improvements;(d) acute and chronic physical exercises show a positive effect based on an oculomotor-based measure function(operationalized via antisaccade tasks);and(e) the positive association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive performance is partly mediated by the dopaminergic system(operationalized via spo

关键词： Cognition Exercise Fitness Pupil size RetinaTagedAPTARAEnd

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Cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness associations with older adolescent cognitive control

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2021年第1期10卷 82-90,I0001页

作者： Tatsuya T.Shigeta Angus A.Leahy Jordan J.Smith Narelle Eather David R.Lubans charles h.hillman Department of Psychology Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of EducationUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Physical Therapy Movement&Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02131USA

Background:Participation in physical activity supports greater cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF),a correlate of cognitive ***,the relationship between muscular fitness(MF)and cognitive control is less *** present study investigated the differential relationship of CRF and MF with cognitive control in older ***:This cross-sectional study involved students(1517 years old,n=541,43%female)from 20 secondary schools who completed tests of inhibition(modified flanker task),working memory(n-back task),CRF(Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run),and MF(standing long jump and push-up test).Multilevel analyses tested the association between CRF or MF and cognitive outcomes while accounting for the influence of the other fitness variable and relevant demographic ***:CRF predicted response accuracy during incongruent flanker trials,the condition requiring greater *** the working memory task,CRF predicted greater target accuracy and greater d’scores on the 1-back task,requiring lesser amounts of working *** the 2-back task,which requires greater amounts of working memory,CRF also predicted greater target and non-target accuracy and d’***,MF did not predict any cognitive outcomes after adjustment for ***:CRF was selectively related to better performance during task conditions that require greater amounts of inhibition and working *** finding suggests that CRF,but not MF,may benefit cognitive control in older *** selective influence of CRF on older adolescents’cognition highlights the value of aerobic physical activity.

关键词： Adolescence Cognition Physical activity Physical fitness

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Moving fast, thinking fast:The relations of physical activity levels and bouts to neuroelectric indices of inhibitory control in preadolescents

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2019年第4期8卷 301-314页

作者： Dominika M.Pindus Eric S.Drollette Lauren B.Raine Shih-Chun Kao Naiman Khan Daniel R.Westfall Morgan hamill Rebecca Shorin Emily Calobrisi Dinesh John Arthur F.Kramer charles h.hillman Department of Kinesiology and Community health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA School of health and human Sciences University of North Carolina GreensboroGreensboroNC 6170USA Department of Psychology Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of health and Kinesiology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of health Sciences Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Physical Therapy Movement&Rehabilitation SciencesNortheastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

Background:Structured vigorous physical activity(VPA)can improve cognitive control in children,but studies relating daily physical activity(PA)to cognitive control have yielded conflicting *** objectively measured daily PA summarizes all occurrences of PA within a registered period,a minimum duration of continuous PA is required for registration of a PA *** brief bouts of high-intensity PA can account for a large proportion of children’s daily activity-related energy expenditure,this study assessed whether daily and bouted VPA were selectively related to cognitive control in preadolescents relative to other PA ***:A total of 75 children between the ages of 8 and 10 years(49%girls)wore an ActiGraph wGT 3 X+on the hip for 7 *** acceleration signal from the vertical axis was summarized over 1 s,5 s,and 15 s *** and boutecd modercate PA,moderate-to-vigorous PA,and VPA were *** bouts were expressed as the frequency and time spent in 2 different continuous PA bouts,one lasting≥10 s and the other lasting≥30 s at a given *** control was assessed using behavioral responses to a modified flanker task(mean reaction time(RTmean)and accuracy).Attentional resource allocation and co gnitive processing speed were measured using the amplitude and latency of the P3 component of event-related brain potentials,*** between PA,behavioral indices of inhibitory control,P3 amplitude,and latency were assessed using hierarchical regression ***:Daily VPA was not related to RTmean or accuracy on either congruent or incongruent *** contrast,more time spent in VPA bouts lasting≥30 s predicted shorter P3 latency across epochs and flanker congruencies(allβ≤-0.24,all p≤0.04).The associations between shorter P3 latency and the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA bouts lasting≥30 s were less consistent and largely limited to congruent trials(congruent:β(-0.3 1,-0.34)).No significant asso

关键词： Accelerometry Bouts Children ERPs Inhibitory control P3 Physical activity

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Kids gone wild–Alcohol use and patient characteristics in pediatric trauma during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第4期7卷 225-232页

作者： Neesha S Patel Brett h Waibel Bennett J Berning WT hillman Terzian Charity h Evans Angela M hanna Mark E hamill Department of Surgery Division of AcuteCare SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Surgery Division of General and Thoracic Pediatric SugeryChildren’s Hospital and Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Importance:Reported coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic effects on pediatric trauma have been ***:We investigated the characteristics of pediatric trauma including alcohol use during the pandemic at our urban trauma ***:The trauma database of our adult level 1 trauma center was queried for all pediatric(age≤18 years)patients presenting between March 1,2020,and October 30,*** from 2017 to 2019 served as a *** analyzed included demographics,mechanisms,injury severity,hospitalization characteristics,and positive blood ***:Pandemic pediatric trauma volumes increased by 67.5%(330/year vs.197/year).Pandemic patients were younger(median age 13 vs.14 years,P=0.011),but similar in gender,ethnicity,severity,hospital length of stay,mortality,and rates of penetrating *** doubled(79/year vs.34/year)and shifted away from high falls>6 meters(0%vs.7.9%)to moderate falls 1–6 meters(58.2%vs.51.5%)(P=0.028).Transportation injury rates were similar however mechanisms shifted from motor vehicle crashes(−13.5%)towards recreational vehicles including motorcycles(+2.1%),all-terrain vehicles(+8.6%),and bicycles(+3.8%)(P=0.018).Pediatricpositive blood alcohol was significantly higher(11.2%vs.5.1%,Phe COVID-19 pandemic *** patients had more recreational vehicle injuries and higher rates of positive blood *** suggests an increased need for alcohol assessment and targeted interventions in the pediatric population during pandemics or periods of school closures.

关键词： Alcohol COVID-19 Pediatric trauma Pediatrics

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hYDRAULIC ANALYSES FOR A NEW BRIDGE OVER ThE PARANA RIVER, ARGENTINA

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2003年第2期18卷 166-175页

作者： André RODRIGUEZ,Daniel BREA,Daniel Farís,hétor R. BRAVO,Edgar Castelló,Gerardo hillman,Juan WEBER,Mariana PAGOT,Pablo SPALLETTI Universidad Nacional de Códoba Universidad Nacional de La Plata / INA Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Universidad Nacional de Códoba Universidad Nacional de Códoba Universidad Nacional de Códoba Universidad Nacional de Códoba Universidad Nacional de La Plata / INA Argentina Argentina Argentina USA Argentina Argentina Argentina Argentina Argentina

This paper summarizes hydraulic studies carried out as part of the feasibility study for a new bridge over the Parana River in Argentina. The bridge will physically connect the provinces of Santa Fe and Corrientes, currently separated over the length a 200-km river reach. In addition to the hydraulic studies summarized here, the feasibility study includes analyses of the geology and geomorphology of the sites, land surveying, geophysical and hydrologic studies, studies of the navigation channel and fluvial transportation, transportation studies, and environmental impact studies. The main components of the present study were a geomorphologic analysis of the middle reach of the Parana River, and a quantitative hydraulic study. Qualitative and quantitative analyses provided a description of the hydraulic system, and served as a basis for a comparison of alternative bridge locations and the analysis of their vulnerability. The quantitative hydraulic study included the construction, calibration, and operation of one-dimensional (1D) and depth-averaged two-dimensional (2D) flow models. In order to tie the models to the most reliable data the 1D models covered a 450-km long reach, and included the main channel (about 2 km wide) and the flood plain (about 30 km wide). The results of the 1D models played a major role in the selection of the bridge location, and were subsequently used as boundary conditions for 2D modeling. The 2D models were constructed for a 70 km x 30 km modeling domain. This paper presents results of 1D modeling for large floods, both in the natural state and with the proposed bridge, and results of 2D modeling in the natural state. Modeling at this scale requires sound judgment to strike a balance between the desirable level of model detail and the cost of acquiring data for model construction and calibration.

关键词： hydraulic analyses Bridge Parana River Feasibility study

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Collapsibility of the human Upper Airway: Influence of State,Posture and Instrumentation

Collapsibility of the Human Upper Airway: Influence of State...

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中国睡眠研究会第十届全国学术年会

作者： Kathleen J Maddison Jennifer h Walsh Kelly L Shepherd Chrianna Bharat Bradley K Lawther Peter R Platt Peter R Eastwood David R hillman Centre for Sleep Science School of Human SciencesThe University of Western Australia West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute Department of Pulmonary Physiology & Sleep MedicineSir Charles Gairdner Hospital Centre for Applied Statistics The University of Western Australia Department of Research Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Department of Anaesthesia Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital

＜正＞Background. Pharyngeal critical pressure（Pcrit） is a measure of upper airway（UA） collapsibility. Inspiratory flow-limitation is typically identified using oesophageal pressure（Pes） requiring a catheter, th...

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Sotorasib in KRAS p.G12C-Mutated Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

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四川生理科学杂志 2022年第12期44卷 2100-2100页

作者： John h Strickler Duke University Medical Center Durham NC United States Kansai Medical University Shinmachi Hirakata Japan University of Florida Gainesville United States Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York United States Gustave Roussy Cancer Center Université Paris-Saclay Villejuif France huntsman Cancer Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City United States West German Cancer Center University Hospital Essen Essen Germany University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Hillman Cancer Center Pittsburgh United States Fred hutchinson Cancer Center University of Washington Seattle United States Sarah Cannon Research Institute at healthONE Denver United States London Regional Cancer Program London ON Canada St. Marianna University School of Medicine Kawasaki Japan Marseille University hospital Marseille France University hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Cleveland United States Yonsei Cancer Center Seoul South Korea Scientia Clinical Research and Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Massachusetts General Cancer Center Boston United States Amgen Thousand Oaks CA United States University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States

Background:KRAS p.G12C mutation occurs in approximately 1 to 2%of pancreatic *** safety and efficacy of sotorasib,a KRAS G12C inhibitor,in previously treated patients with KRAS p.G12C-mutated pancreatic cancer are ***:We conducted a single-group,phase 1-2 trial to assess the safety and efficacy of sotorasib treatment in patients with KRAS p.G12C-mutated pancreatic cancer who had received at least one previous systemic therapy.

关键词： KRAS cancer Cancer

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清洁能源研究领域科学计量分析(2005-2009) 加拿大-美国的国际合作

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科学观察 2011年第3期6卷 1-31页

作者： Trina Foster Michelle Picard-Aitken Olivier hillman-Beauchesne David Campbell Eric Archambault 朱海峰(翻译) 马建华(审校) Science-Metrix 1335A avenue du Mont-Royal Est Montreal Qudbec H2J 1Y6(Canada) 不详

加拿大清洁能源研发合作推广工作组当前正重新评价加拿大与美国之间的合作伙伴关系,旨在为清洁能源研发长期合作计划筛选出合适的科学领域作为清洁能源对话行动方案框架的一部分。根据该科学计量分析结果,工作组将进一步探索清洁能源研... 详细信息

加拿大清洁能源研发合作推广工作组当前正重新评价加拿大与美国之间的合作伙伴关系,旨在为清洁能源研发长期合作计划筛选出合适的科学领域作为清洁能源对话行动方案框架的一部分。根据该科学计量分析结果,工作组将进一步探索清洁能源研发领域以及三个子领域(新一代生物燃料、清洁能源车辆与绿色建筑)的科学产出与合作前景。科学计量结果表明,2005-2009年间,清洁能源研发及其三个子领域的美加合作科学产出增长迅速。美加两国都是清洁能源研发15强成员,尤其美国更是该领域及三个子领域中的领头羊。科学影响力、质量与专业化指标反映出各强国在三个子领域的表现存在差异,但总体上,瑞典与土耳其的影响力与专业化程度超出世界水平。加拿大、德国、荷兰、美国与英国虽然在影响力的排位上超过世界平均水平,但专业化程度表现低迷。提请注意的是,由于绿色建筑领域内的论文数量较少,不适合作深入的计量指标分析。就合作模式而言,分析结果表明超过60%的被调查对象与科研强国同仁的合作低于预期。在清洁能源研发及三个子领域,加拿大的最大合作伙伴是美国、土耳其、中国。总体而言,合作论文的平均被引频次要高于非合作论文,虽然有些意外,但事实上,这是加拿大在清洁能源研发领域的整体表现。除提供国家层面上的数据外,该文也分析了此领域内美国与加拿大的优秀科研机构。对两国机构层面合作模式的研究表明,加拿大研究机构比美国研究机构更倾向于二者的合作,考虑到科研规模与水平,这个结论并无意外之处。

关键词：清洁能源科学计量分析 15强国家专业化指数平均相对引文平均相对影响因子国际合作加拿大美国

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Mechanism of Infrared Detection and Transduction by Beetle Melanophila Acuminata In memory of Jerry Wolken

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第2期8卷 129-139页

作者： Meir Israelowitz Jeong-Ah Kwon Syed W. h. Rizvi Christoph Gille herb P. von Schroeder Biomimetics Technologies Inc. 191 Ellis Avenue Toronto Ontario M6S 2X4 Canada hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion Floor 2 2.35 5117 Centre Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Institute of Biochemistry CharitO Universiaitsmedizin Monbijourstr. 2 10117 Berlin Germany University of Toronto 399 Bathurst Street 2E Tolvnto ON M5T2SS Canada

The Melanophila acuminata beetle is attracted to forest fires via a pair of infrared sensory organs composed of sensilla. Our histological work showed that each sensillum contains lipid layers surrounding a protein layer and a unique polysaccharide base that is associated with a neuron to each sensillum. Infrared microscopy showed that the protein region maximally absorbs infrared radiation at 3 ~tm wavelength and at 10 ~tm, which corresponds to the known radiation produced by forest fires at 3 ~tm. Mathematical calculations showed that the physical properties of the sensilla are such that the expected temperature rise is insufficient for transduction of the infrared signal through mechanical means or as a thermal receptor as previously thought; hence the protein plays the pivotal role in perception of single photons and transmission of the signal within the sensilla.

关键词： sensory organs sensillum insect radiation fire

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Recent Advances in the Development of Polymer-supported Phosphines

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2005年第5期44卷 833-834页

作者： Patrick h. Toy helen Song he Cathy Kar-Wing Deparment of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaDeparment of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaDeparment of Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaKwong

Recent years have seen a growing use of polymer-supported reagents by organic chemists in traditional so lution-phase synthesis. Of the many reagents supported by polymers available, variations of triphenylphosphine are among the most broadly used. This is because triphenylphosphine is not only a reagent in a wide range of organic reactions[1], but it also serves as a ligand in many organometallic reagents[2]. Most importantly, poly mer-supported triphenylphosphine affords the great advantage that the byproduct of most reactions involving it, triphenylphosphine oxide, can be easily removed.

关键词：聚合体磷化氢 Baylis-hillman反应有机化学合成方法

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