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physicochemical Characterisation of Flours from Local Cereals and powder from Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Leaves Varieties Cultivated in the Northern-Cameroon in Order to Supplement Infant Flours

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第8期14卷 2009-2026页

作者： Mathieu Barbi charles Touwang Emmanuel panyoo Akdowa Augustin Goudoum Armand Abdou Bouba Department of Agriculture Livestock and Derivated Products National Advanced School of Engineering University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Institute of Agricultural research for Development (IrAD) Food Technology and Post-Harvest Laboratory of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition National Advanced School of Agro-Process Industries University of Ngaoundr Ngaoundr Cameroon

The aim of the present study was to investigate on the inventory and determination of the nutritional value of cereals flour and cassava leaves powder in order to analyse their use in the production of infant flour. In this paper, a A survey to identify the cereals used in the preparation of infant porridge in the Northern Cameroon was done by using 447 mothers having children between 06 and 59 months from areas (Gbakoungue, Sassa-Mbersi, Sanguere-Ngal and Kotkong-Wouldata) with high rate on malnourished children. Flour was prepared from the most preponderant cereals and Cassava leaves powder from varieties identified by the regional Centre of Agricultural research (CrrA) of Wakwa and local population. Flour and powder samples obtained were subjected to chemical composition analysis. parameters analysed were crude proteins, total carbohydrates, ash, total fats, total phenols, total tannins, total carotenoids, vitamin C or cyanide. Also Iron, calcium and zinc were determined. The results revealed that white maize (62%) was the main cereal used in the preparation of infant porridge followed respectively by red sorghum, white rice and muskwari. Ten cassava varieties were identified: three (03) by CrrA (TME, 96/1/14 and IrAD 4115) and seven (south, gambada, sweet, Benin, six months, M. glaziovii and grouna) by local population. Amongst cereals flour, those from white maize indicated high protein (10.09%), carbohydrates (84.46%) and total fat (7.46%) contents. The powder from 96/14/14 cassava variety showed high amount of iron (11.98 mg/100g), calcium (751.02 g/100g) and low cyanide content (1.21 ppm) amongst all the cassava leaves powder samples. The supplementation of white maize flour by cassava leaves powder from 96/14/14 variety could therefore be recommended for the preparation of infant flours.

关键词： Infant Flour Cereals Flour Cassava Leaves powder Chemical Composition Northern Cameroon

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Factors Associated with Overweight among Workers of the Ministry of Labor and public Service in Benin in 2023

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 299-318页

作者： Lucile T. S. Bedie Toïhen Géraud padonou charles Jérôme Sossa Bayédjè Evrard Koutchoro Sègnon Eurydice Elvire Djossou Coovi Nonwanou Ignace Tokpanoude Badirou Aguemon Ministry of Labor and public Service Cotonou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences (FSS) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin Health promotion Department Regional Institute of Public Health Ouidah Benin

Introduction: The problem of excess weight is pandemic and affects the majority of nations, regardless of their level of development. However, the prevalence of overweight among workers in Benin is very poorly documented. To fill this gap, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with overweight among workers of the Ministry of Labor and public Service (MTFp) in 2023 in Benin. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with analytical purposes carried out from August 16 to December 17, 2023, among MINISTrY OF LABOr AND pUBLIC SErVICE staff. The variables studied were overweight, sociodemographic, occupational and dietary characteristics, lifestyle, anthropometric factors and family history of obesity. An exhaustive recruitment of workers meeting our inclusion criteria and a questionnaire survey was carried out. Data were analyzed using r 4.0.4 software. A bivariate analysis followed by a multivariable analysis made it possible to identify the factors associated with overweight at the p results: In total, 379 workers were included in our study. The average age of the surveyed workers was 44.86 years ± 7.67 years, with 202 (53.30%) workers at least 45 years old. Men predominated with a number of 228 (60.16%). The prevalence of overweight was 63.32% (95% CI: [58.23 - 68.15]) and the associated factors after multivariate analysis were: female sex (Ora = 4.00;95% CI [2.11 - 7.76];p Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight is high among ministry of labor and public service workers. Education and awareness in the professional environment on the prevention and management of risk factors are essential for a long-term impact on a notable regression of this public health phenomenon.

关键词： Overweight Associated Factors Workers-Benin

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In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants:Mg purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polymer coating

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar J.Luňácková M.Jex M.Žaloudková r.Vrbová M.Bartoš p.Klein L.Vištejnová J.Dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda M.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Department of Materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental Medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Department of physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Department of Composites and Carbon Materials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biomedical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Department of pathological physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic research Center for Structural Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

Magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of Mg-based *** low-alloyed Mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term *** pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure Mg,commercially pure Mg,Mg-0.15Zn,Mg-0.4Zn and Mg-1Zn was ***,Mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat *** on the observed Mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated Mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： Magnesium resorbable Mg wire Mg-Zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

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老古玩店

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英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第4期 14-17页

作者： charles Dickens

《老古玩店老古玩店》是英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯18401840-1841年发表的长篇小说表的长篇小说，被誉为“维多利亚时期的忧伤”。老古玩店店主吐伦特和他美丽善良的外孙女小耐儿相依为命吐伦特和他美丽善良的外孙女小耐儿相依为命。吐伦...

《老古玩店老古玩店》是英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯18401840-1841年发表的长篇小说表的长篇小说，被誉为“维多利亚时期的忧伤”。老古玩店店主吐伦特和他美丽善良的外孙女小耐儿相依为命吐伦特和他美丽善良的外孙女小耐儿相依为命。吐伦特想让不满14岁的外孙女过上更好的生活岁的外孙女过上更好的生活，却落入高利贷暴发户丹尼尔尼尔·奎尔普的魔爪。贪得无厌的奎尔普不仅夺走了老古玩店店，还想夺取美丽的小耐儿。祖孙二人被迫逃离伦敦，过着四处乞讨的生活处乞讨的生活。本文节选自全书的第一章。

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海地农民绝境重生

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第5期 6-8,38,39页

作者： Jacqueline charles 不详

旱地再次肥沃,贫农重获生机。卷心菜和南瓜贴地而生,木瓜高挂枝头,工人们在刚翻过的土壤中种下成排的辣椒。年前,如此繁茂的景观对于法兰兹·蒙歇来说根本就是无法想象的事。他从事农业劳动,同时也是七个孩子的父亲,但是之前他甚至连火... 详细信息

旱地再次肥沃,贫农重获生机。卷心菜和南瓜贴地而生,木瓜高挂枝头,工人们在刚翻过的土壤中种下成排的辣椒。年前,如此繁茂的景观对于法兰兹·蒙歇来说根本就是无法想象的事。他从事农业劳动,同时也是七个孩子的父亲,但是之前他甚至连火红的哈瓦那辣椒都种不出来,因为它们总是很快就枯死了。

关键词：木瓜卷心菜辣椒农业劳动南瓜

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混合动力车辆加速工况发动机介入抖动的分析与优化

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清华大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期64卷 552-561页

作者：廉玉波刘云卿 Zhang charles 张荣荣比亚迪汽车工业有限公司深圳518118

混合动力车辆在电池电量较低、城市路况拥堵的情况下行驶时,为保持电池电量,发动机会频繁地启动发电,从而引起整车抖动问题。该文建立了混动总成发动机介入抖动的物理模型,采用仿真和实验相结合的方法,研究了混动车加速过程中发动机介... 详细信息

混合动力车辆在电池电量较低、城市路况拥堵的情况下行驶时,为保持电池电量,发动机会频繁地启动发电,从而引起整车抖动问题。该文建立了混动总成发动机介入抖动的物理模型,采用仿真和实验相结合的方法,研究了混动车加速过程中发动机介入瞬间的抖动产生及路径传递机理。结果表明:发动机介入瞬间的抖动出现在发动机点火之前的集成启动发电一体化发电机(integrated starter generator, ISG)倒拖发动机阶段,其抖动水平由第一循环缸压峰值大小决定;混动总成瞬时刚体模态和传动系扭转模态耦合作用提高了发动机介入抖动水平,并将抖动通过动力总成悬置传递至车身。基于该结论,提出了传动系和动力总成模态解耦原则与优化悬置限位结构2项优化措施,并结合整车测试验证了所提措施有效。

关键词：混合动力发动机介入抖动第一循环缸压模态耦合动力总成悬置

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骨骼干细胞表观遗传调控的新证据（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期 2004-2006页

作者：赵黎明肖骏 charles K.F.Chan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Skeletal stem cells (SSCs) are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration, yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly understood. recent studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of SSCs,highlighting the involvement of ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout life. Skeletal stem cells (SSCs), residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted, serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal homeostasis. Historically categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), SSCs have been differentiated due to MSCs’ recognized heterogeneity, which has generated inconsistencies and controversies in the field [1].

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黄龙病侵染增强沙糖橘对柑橘木虱吸引作用机制的初步研究

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应用昆虫学报 2024年第2期61卷 390-400页

作者：黄克志杨玉枝闫梦梦 George Andrew charles BEATTIE 徐长宝岑伊静华南农业大学柑橘黄龙病研究室绿色农药全国重点实验室广东岭南职业技术学院 School of Science and Health Western Sydney University

【目的】黄龙病是柑橘最严重的传染性病害，柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama是黄龙病的媒介昆虫。与健康橘树相比，感染黄龙病的橘树对木虱的吸引作用显著增强，本研究目的是探明病树挥发物的改变是否与此现象有关。【方法】在前期... 详细信息

【目的】黄龙病是柑橘最严重的传染性病害，柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri Kuwayama是黄龙病的媒介昆虫。与健康橘树相比，感染黄龙病的橘树对木虱的吸引作用显著增强，本研究目的是探明病树挥发物的改变是否与此现象有关。【方法】在前期分析健康和染病沙糖橘Citrus reticulate ***. Shatangju嫩梢挥发物成分变化的基础上，分别在室内外测定部分差异较大的化合物单体标样及其混合物对柑橘木虱的吸引效果。【结果】雌虫对α-蒎烯（1μL/mL）、γ-萜品烯（0.01μL/mL）和芳樟醇（0.1μL/mL）具有显著的正趋性，但对柠檬烯各浓度均未表现出明显的趋性；雄虫对4种单体标样所有浓度均未表现出显著的趋性。将各种化合物按其有效浓度混合后，雌虫对6种混合物均有显著的正趋性，其中，对γ-萜品烯（0.2μL/mL）+α-蒎烯（0.8μL/mL）+芳樟醇（0.3μL/mL）具有极显著正趋向选择；雄虫对4种混合物有显著的正趋性。将化合物单体及其混合物作为诱剂，在九里香Murraya paniculata L.上测定其诱集效果。结果表明，单一物质均无显著效果，但15种混合物中有5种诱到的木虱数量显著多于对照。将其中3种混合物γ-萜品烯（20μL/mL）+α-蒎烯（80μL/mL）+芳樟醇（30μL/mL）、γ-萜品烯（2μL/mL）+α-蒎烯（8μL/mL）+芳樟醇（3μL/mL）和γ-萜品烯（20μL/mL）+芳樟醇（30μL/mL）在橘园进行测试，结果表明，3种诱剂诱到的木虱数量均显著增加。【结论】α-蒎烯、γ-萜品烯含量增加可能是沙糖橘病树对木虱吸引作用增强的部分原因，这些物质有望用于制备柑橘木虱的引诱剂，但其最佳配比还有待进一步研究。

关键词：柑橘木虱黄龙病沙糖橘寄主挥发物引诱剂

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The siphonic energy transfer between hot solar wind and cold martian ionosphere through open magnetic flux rope

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Fundamental research 2024年第4期4卷 882-889页

作者： Xiaojun Xu Lou-Chuang Lee Qi Xu Qing Chang Jing Wang Ming Wang Shaosui Xu Christian Mosti charles J.Farrugia Xing Wang Yudong Ye Zilu Zhou Lei Luo peishan He Shaoguan Cheng State Key Laboratory of Lunar and planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China CNSA Macao Center for Space Exploration and Science Macao 999078China Institute of Earth Science Academia SinicaTaipei 115029China Institute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518000China planetary Environmental and Astrobiological research Laboratory(pEArL) School of Atmospheric SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210000China Space ScienceLaboratory Universityof CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94320USA Space research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesGraz 8010Austria University of New Hampshire NH 03824USA

A mechanism for energy transfer from the solar wind to the Martian ionosphere through open magnetic flux rope is proposed based on the observations by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN(MAVEN).The satellite was located in the dayside magnetosheath at an altitude of about 70o km above the northern *** between the hot solar wind protons and the cold heavy ions/neutrals in the subsolar region can cool the protons and heat the heavy *** a result,the magnetosheath protons are siphoned into the ionosphere due to the thermal pressure gradient of protons and the heated heavy ions escape along the open magnetic field *** direct collisions in the lower-altitude region were not detected,this physical process is demonstrated by MAVEN measurements of enhanced proton density,decreased proton temperature and oppositely directed motions of hot and cool protons within the flux rope,which are very different from the observational features of the flux transfer events near the Earth's *** mechanism could universally exist in many contexts where a collisionless plasma region is connected to a collisional plasma *** reconstructing the magnetic geometry and the cross-section of the flux rope using the Grad-Shafranov technique,the ion loss rates are quantitatively estimated to be on the order of 1023 s-l,which is much higher than previously estimated.

关键词： Mars Flux rope Solarwind Ionosphere Ion loss

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Assessing Community Health Interventions in reducing Infant and Child Mortality in the Southeastern Benin

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Open Journal of preventive Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 17-28页

作者： charles Sossa Jerome Daouda Gbadamassi Lamidhi Salami Colette Azandjeme Clémence Metonnou Moussiliou N. paraiso Health promotion Department Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin National Medical and Sanitary Institute University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Health policy and Systems Department Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin

Background: To reduce infant and child mortality in Benin, a package of high-impact interventions per healthcare level was implemented in 2009. This study aimed to assess the quality of community-based health interventions in reducing infant and child mortality within the municipality of pobè in southeastern Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional evaluative study carried out in November 2021 focused on children aged 0 - 59 months, their mothers, health workers, community facilitators, community health workers and the Town Hall health focal point. Mothers and their children were targeted by cluster sampling, and exhaustive selection was used to recruit all other participants. predetermined scores based on rating criteria were used to assess the quality of community health interventions using the “input, process and outcome” of Donabedian approach. results: Over 300 mother-child couples, 46 community health workers, 7 health agents, 1 community facilitator and 1 health focal point from pobè town hall were surveyed. Intervention quality was judged as “average”, with a score of 73.80%. The “inputs” and “outcomes” components were the weakest links. Conclusion: Improving access to the inputs needed by community health workers can enhance the quality of pIHI interventions.

关键词： Community-Based Interventions Infant and Child Mortality Benin

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