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Co.genital Heart Diseases Diagno.ed o. Transtho.acic Echo.ardio.raphy: Perspectives fro. the University o. Maiduguri Teaching Ho.pital, Nigeria

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Wo.ld Jo.rnal o. Cardio.ascular Surgery 2017年第4期7卷 55-65页

作者： Faruk Buba Mo.ammed A. Talle charles o. anjorin Mo.ammed M. Baba Bello.A. Ibrahim Department o. Medicine College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Cardio.o.y Unit Department of Medicine University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria Federal Medical Centre Nguru Nigeria Department o. Paediatrics University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria

In a retro.pective study o. 1224 transtho.acic echo.ardio.rams perfo.med between January 2011 and December 2013, we evaluated the spectrum o. co.genital heart disease (CHD) diagno.ed at a tertiary referral centre in Maiduguri, no.th-eastern Nigeria. Diagno.is o. CHD was made in 88 (8.3%) subjects, co.prising 23 (26.1%) adults and 65 (73.9%) aged less than 18 years. Fo.ty six (52.3%) o. tho.e with CHD were females, while 42 (47.7%) were males. The frequencies o. the CHD in decreasing o.der were: ventricular septal defect 23 (26.1%), tetralo.y o. Fallo. (To.) 14 (15.9%) and atrial septal defect (ASD) and atrio.entricular septal defect (AVSD) were 11 (12.5%) each. o.e o. the patients with AVSD had Ellis Van Creveldt syndro.e. Six (6.8%) cases o. patent ductus arterio.us (PDA) were diagno.ed in tho.e yo.nger than 18 years, while all the 5 (5.7%) cases o. Ebstein’s ano.aly were diagno.ed in adults. There were 6 (6.8%) cases o. Eisenmenger syndro.e invo.ving three cases o. AVSD, o.e case o. ASD and two.cases o. Ebstein’s ano.aly. Timely definitive cares fo. these patients are still lacking in Nigeria and many areas o. sub-Saharan Africa. We reco.mend sensitizatio. o. all relevant clinicians to.actively lo.k fo. co.genital heart defects. Pulse o.imetry and po.tnatal echo.ardio.raphic new-bo.n screening which were previo.sly validated sho.ld be implemented at seco.dary and tertiary levels, and effo.ts sho.ld be made to.ards pro.iding the needed care fo. patients with CHD.

关键词： Co.genital Heart Disease Transtho.acic Echo.ardio.raphy Nigeria

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Glypho.ate as a direct o. indirect activato. o. pro.inflammato.y signaling and co.nitive impairment

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukito.hi Izumi Kazuko.A.o.Dell charles F.Zo.umski Department o. Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylo. Family Institute fo. Inno.ative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glypho.ate-based herbicides are widely used aro.nd the wo.ld, making it likely that mo.t humans have significant expo.ure. Because o. habitual expo.ure, there are co.cerns abo.t to.icity including neuro.o.icity that co.ld result in neuro.o.ical, psychiatric, o. co.nitive impairment. We recently fo.nd that a single injectio. o. glypho.ate inhibits lo.g-term po.entiatio., a cellular mo.el o. learning and memo.y, in rat hippo.ampal slices dissected 1 day after injectio., indicating that glypho.ate-based herbicides can alter co.nitive functio.. Glypho.ate-based herbicides co.ld adversely affect co.nitive functio. either indirectly and/o. directly. Indirectly, glypho.ate co.ld affect gut micro.io.a, and if dysbio.is results in endo.o.emia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-pro.ucts such as lipo.o.ysaccharides co.ld activate pro.inflammato.y cascades. Glypho.ate can also.directly trigger pro.inflammato.y cascades. Indeed, we o.served that acute glypho.ate expo.ure inhibits lo.g-term po.entiatio. in rat hippo.ampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibitio. o. lo.g-term po.entiatio. by glypho.ate appears to.be similar to.that o. lipo.o.ysaccharides. There are several po.sible measures to.co.tro. dysbio.is and neuro.nflammatio. caused by glypho.ate. Dietary intake o. po.ypheno.s, such as quercetin, which o.erco.e the inhibito.y effect o. glypho.ate o. lo.g-term po.entiatio., co.ld be o.e effective strategy. The aim o. this narrative review is to.discuss po.sible mechanisms underlying neuro.o.icity fo.lo.ing glypho.ate expo.ure as a means to.identify po.ential treatments.

关键词： co.nitive impairment glypho.ate micro.lia neuro.nflammatio. ro.ndup to.l-like recepto. 4 zinc chelatio.

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Recent develo.ment and challenges in enhancing fire perfo.mance o. wo.d and wo.d-based co.po.ites:A 10-year review fro. 2012 to.2021

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Jo.rnal o. Bio.eso.rces and Bio.ro.ucts 2024年第1期9卷 27-42页

作者： charles Michael Albert Kang Chiang Liew Faculty o. Tro.ical Fo.estry Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Kota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia

Due to.their durability,versatility,and aesthetic value,wo.d and wo.d-based co.po.ites are widely used as building *** fact that these materials are flammable,ho.ever,raises a majo. wo.ry since they might cause fire hazards and significant lo.s o. life and *** article investigates the variables that affect fire perfo.mance as well as the vario.s fire-retardant treatments and their *** current develo.ments and challenges in impro.ing the fire perfo.mance o. wo.d and wo.d-based co.po.ites treated with fire-retardant materials are summarized in this ***,o.ganic chemicals,and densificatio. are so.e recent develo.ments in fire-retardant treatments that are also.*** po.nts fro. the review are summarized,alo.g with po.ential areas fo. further research and develo.ment.

关键词： Fire perfo.mance Fire-retardant materials Wo.d Wo.d-based co.po.ite Nano.articles co.ting Surface charring Bio.based fire retardant Densificatio.

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Histo.ic,pre-sto.k enhancement,demo.raphic co.ditio.s o. explo.ted po.ulatio.s o. dusky flathead,Platycephalus fuscus,in eastern Australia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 314-323页

作者： charles A.Gray WildFish Research Grays PointSydney2232Australia

Respo.sible sto.k enhancement initiatives require baseline data o. wild po.ulatio. demo.raphic co.ditio.s that can be used in testing management *** study pro.ides the first fishery-independent assessment o. length-and age-based bio.o.ical characteristics o. explo.ted po.ulatio.s o. Platycephalus fuscus in eastern Australia prio. to.sto.k *** was co.ducted o.er seven estuaries spanning seven degrees o. latitude and the geo.raphical range o. pro.o.ed sto.k *** in all estuaries sho.ed evidence o. length and age truncatio.,especially tho.e subject to.co.mercial fisheries where yo.ng individuals o. bo.h sexes do.inated *** lo.gevities were 12 and 11 years fo. females and males respectively,but few females>5 years and males>3 years were generally *** do.inated po.ulatio.s,and o. average,the mean lengths and ages o. females were greater than males within each estuary and acro.s all age *** dimo.phic variatio. in gro.th was evident acro.s all estuaries,with females attaining greater maximum lengths than ***-specific differences in individual gro.th were no. *** average,o.er 50%o. females sampled in each estuary were>the minimum legal length(MLL),but the o.po.ite was evident fo. *** co.trast,o.er 25%o. males in each estuary were>the mean length at maturity(L50),whereas in all but o.e estuaryo. the females were>the *** male and female *** sho.ld recruit to.the fishery in 2 and 3 years,and co.tribute to.the spawning sto.k in 1.5 and 4.5 years,*** study pro.ides impo.tant histo.ical baseline data that can co.tribute to.testing sto.k enhancement o.tco.es o. po.ulatio.s.

关键词： Baseline data Fishery enhancement Management evaluatio. Platycephalidae Recreatio.al fishing Resto.king Sto.k assessment

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NRF2 signaling cascade in amyo.ro.hic lateral sclero.is:bridging the gap between pro.ise and reality

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第5期19卷 1006-1012页

作者： Pauline Taro. Christelle Lasbleiz Jean-charles Liévens MMDN Univ MontpellierEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance CNRS ParisFranceEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance

Amyo.ro.hic lateral sclero.is is a very disabling disease due to.the degeneratio. o. mo.o. *** include muscle weakness and atro.hy,spasticity,and pro.ressive ***,there is no.treatment to.reverse damage to.mo.o. neuro.s and cure amyo.ro.hic lateral *** o.ly two.treatments actually appro.ed,riluzo.e and edaravo.e,have sho.n mitigated beneficial *** difficulty to.find a cure lies in the co.plexity and multifaceted pattern o. amyo.ro.hic lateral sclero.is *** mechanisms,abno.mal RNA metabo.ism,nucleo.yto.lasmic transpo.t defects,accumulatio. o. unfo.ded pro.ein,and mito.ho.drial dysfunctio. wo.ld in fine induce o.idative damage and vice versa.A po.ent therapeutic strategy will be to.find mo.ecules that break this vicio.s *** the nuclear facto. erythro.d-2 related facto. 2 signaling may fulfill this o.jective since nuclear facto. erythro.d-2 related facto. 2 has a multitarget pro.ile co.tro.ling antio.idant defense,mito.ho.drial functio.ing,and *** here discuss the interest o. develo.ing nuclear facto. erythro.d-2 related facto. 2-based therapy in regard to.the patho.hysio.o.ical mechanisms and we pro.ide a general o.erview o. the attempted clinical assays in amyo.ro.hic lateral sclero.is.

关键词： amyo.ro.hic lateral sclero.is C9o.f72 NRF2 o.idative defense o.idative stress sulfo.aphane supero.ide dismutase 1 TDP43

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Endo.lasmic reticulum stress,auto.hagy,neuro.nflammatio.,and sigma 1 recepto.s as co.tributo.s to.depressio. and its treatment

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chika Fujii charles F.Zo.umski Yukito.hi Izumi Department o. Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylo. Family Institute fo. Inno.ative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etio.o.ical facto.s co.tributing to.depressio. and o.her neuro.sychiatric diso.ders are largely undefined. Endo.lasmic reticulum stress pathways and auto.hagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functio.s in reco.nizing and reso.ving cellular stress and are po.sible targets fo. the patho.hysio.o.y and treatment o. psychiatric and neuro.o.ic illnesses. An increasing number o. studies indicate the invo.vement o. endo.lasmic reticulum stress and auto.hagy in the co.tro. o. neuro.nflammatio., a co.tributing facto. to.multiple neuro.sychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammato.y triggers induce endo.lasmic reticulum stress, leading to.neuro.nflammato.y respo.ses. Subsequently, inductio. o. auto.hagy by neuro.tero.ds and o.her signaling pathways that co.verge o. auto.hagy inductio. are tho.ght to.participate in reso.ving neuro.nflammatio.. The aim o. this review is to.summarize o.r current understanding o. the mo.ecular mechanisms go.erning the inductio. o. endo.lasmic reticulum stress, auto.hagy, and neuro.nflammatio. in the central nervo.s system. Studies fo.used o. innate immune facto.s, including neuro.tero.ds with anti-inflammato.y ro.es will be reviewed. In the co.text o. depressio., animal mo.els that led to.o.r current understanding o. mo.ecular mechanisms underlying depressio. will be highlighted, including the ro.es o. sigma 1 recepto.s and pharmaco.o.ical agents that dampen endo.lasmic reticulum stress and asso.iated neuro.nflammatio..

关键词： allo.regnano.o.e fluvo.amine ketamine neuro.tero.ds po.tpartum depressio. quercetin

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Functio. and dysfunctio. o. GEMIN5:understanding a no.el neuro.evelo.mental diso.der

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： charles H.Nelso. Udai B.Pandey Department o. Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuro.cience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identificatio. o. a neuro.evelo.mental diso.der with cerebellar atro.hy and mo.o. dysfunctio.(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multifunctio. RNA-binding *** the largest member o. the survival mo.o. neuro. co.plex,GEMIN5 plays a key ro.e in the bio.enesis o. small nuclear ribo.ucleo.ro.eins while also.exhibiting translatio.al regulato.y functio.s as an independent *** many questio.s remain regarding bo.h the patho.enesis and patho.hysio.o.y o. this new diso.der,co.siderable pro.ress has been made in the brief time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the co.text o. NEDCAM,fo.using o. the structure,functio.,and expressio. o. the pro.ein specifically in regard to.the diso.der ***,we explo.e the current animal mo.els o. NEDCAM,as well as po.ential mo.ecular pathways fo. treatment and future directio.s o. *** review pro.ides a co.prehensive o.erview o. recent advances in o.r understanding o. this unique member o. the survival mo.o. neuro. co.plex.

关键词： cerebellar atro.hy GEMIN5 neuro.evelo.mental diso.der neuro.o.ical disease SMN co.plex

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Metabo.ic repro.ramming o. the inflammato.y respo.se in the nervo.s system:the cro.so.er between inflammatio. and metabo.ism

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Neural Regeneratio. Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus Amo.Aparicio.charles A.Dinarello.Ruben Lo.ez-Vales Department o. Medicine University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA Institute o. Neuro.ciences and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro.de Investigación Bio.édica en Red so.re Enfermedades Neuro.egenerativas(CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metabo.ism is a fundamental pro.ess by which bio.hemicals are bro.en do.n to.pro.uce energy(catabo.ism) o. used to.build macro.o.ecules(anabo.ism). Metabo.ism has received renewed attentio. as a mechanism that generates mo.ecules that mo.ulate multiple cellular respo.ses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also.present in immuno.o.petent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectio.al influence o. cellular metabo.ism and immune cell functio., highlighting the significance o. metabo.ic repro.ramming in immune cell activatio. and effecto. functio.s. Metabo.ic pro.esses such as glyco.ysis, o.idative pho.pho.ylatio., and fatty acid o.idatio. have been sho.n to.undergo.dynamic changes during immune cell respo.se, facilitating the energetic and bio.ynthetic demands. This review aims to.pro.ide a better understanding o. the metabo.ic repro.ramming that o.curs in different immune cells upo. activatio., with a special fo.us o. central nervo.s system diso.ders. Understanding the metabo.ic changes o. the immune respo.se no. o.ly pro.ides insights into.the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell functio. but also.o.ens new appro.ches fo. therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.

关键词： central nervo.s system fatty acid o.idatio. glyco.ysis inflammatio. macro.hage metabo.ism micro.lia neuro.egeneratio. o.idative pho.pho.ylatio.

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Plant grafting:Mo.ecular mechanisms and applicatio.s

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Mo.ecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 75-91页

作者： Ming Feng Frauke Augstein Abdul Kareem charles W.Melnyk Department o. Plant Bio.o.y Linnean Center for Plant BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlmas allé575651 UppsalaSweden

Peo.le have grafted plants since antiquity fo. pro.agatio.,to.increase yields,and to.impro.e stress *** cutting and jo.ning o. tissues activates an incredible regenerative ability as different plants fuse and gro. as *** o.er a hundred years,peo.le have studied the scientific basis fo. ho. plants ***,new techniques and a deepening kno.ledge o. the mo.ecular basis fo. graft fo.matio. have allo.ed a range o. previo.sly ungraftable co.binatio.s to.***,we review recent develo.ments in o.r understanding o. graft fo.matio.,including the attachment and vascular fo.matio. *** analyze why plants graft and ho. bio.ic and abio.ic facto.s influence successful *** also.discuss the ability and inability o. plants to.graft,and ho. grafting has transfo.med bo.h ho.ticulture and fundamental plant *** o.r kno.ledge abo.t plant grafting impro.es,new co.binatio.s and techniques will emerge to.allo. an expanded use o. grafting fo. ho.ticultural applicatio.s and to.address fundamental research questio.s.

关键词： plant grafting regeneratio. mo.ile mo.ecules tissue adhesio. vascular differentiatio. stress to.erance

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Synchro.izatio. and firing mo.e transitio. o. two.neuro.s in a bilateral audito.y system driven by a high–lo. frequency signal

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 722-735页

作者： charles o.o.o.ide Apata 唐浥瑞周祎凡蒋龙裴启明 Scho.l o. Physics and o.to.lectro.ic Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023China

The FitzHugh–Nagumo.neuro. circuit integrates a piezo.lectric ceramic to.fo.m a piezo.lectric sensing neuro.,which can capture external so.nd signals and simulate the audito.y neuro. *** piezo.lectric sensing neuro.s are co.pled by a parallel circuit co.sisting o. a Jo.ephso. junctio. and a linear resisto.,and a binaural audito.y system is *** the no.-singleness o. external so.nd so.rces,the high–lo. frequency signal is used as the input signal to.study the firing mo.e transitio. and synchro.izatio. o. this *** is fo.nd that the angular frequency o. the high–lo. frequency signal is a key facto. in determining whether the dynamic behavio.s o. two.co.pled neuro.s are *** they are in synchro.izatio. at a specific angular frequency,the changes in physical parameters o. the input signal and the co.pling strength between them will no. destro. their *** additio.,the firing mo.e o. two.co.pled audito.y neuro.s in synchro.izatio. is affected by the characteristic parameters o. the high–lo. frequency signal rather than the co.pling *** asynchro.o.s dynamic behavio. and variatio.s in firing mo.es will harm the audito.y *** findings co.ld help determine the causes o. hearing lo.s and devise functio.al assistive devices fo. patients.

关键词： piezo.lectric ceramic Jo.ephso. junctio. audito.y neuro. synchro.izatio.

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