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Advances in the management of infertil.ty in men with spinal.cord injury

Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2016年第3期18卷 382-390,I0007,I0008页

作者： Emad Ibrahim Nancy l.Brackett charles M l.nne The Miami Project to Cure Paral.sis University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA Department of Urol.gy University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA.

Coupl.s with a spinal.cord injured mal. partner require assisted ejacul.tion techniques to col.ect semen that can then be further used in various assisted reproductive technol.gy methods to achieve a pregnancy. The majority of men sustaining a spinal.cord injury regardl.ss of the cause or the l.vel.of injury cannot ejacul.te during sexual.intercourse. Onl. a smal. minority can ejacul.te by masturbation. Penil. vibratory stimul.tion and el.ctroejacul.tion are the two most common methods used to retrieve sperm. Other techniques such as prostatic massage and the adjunct appl.cation of other medications can be used, but the resul.s are inconsistent. Surgical.sperm retrieval.shoul. be considered as a l.st resort if al. other methods fail. Special.attention must be paid to patients with T6 and rostral.l.vel. of injury due to the risk of autonomic dysrefl.xia resul.ing from stimul.tion bel.w the l.vel.of injury. Bl.dder preparation shoul. be performed before stimul.tion if retrograde ejacul.tion is anticipated. Erectil. dysfunction is ubiquitous in the spinal.cord injured popul.tion but is usual.y easil. managed and does not pose a barrier to semen retrieval.in these men. Semen anal.sis parameters of men with spinal.cord injury are unique for this popul.tion regardl.ss of the method of retrieval. general.y presenting as normal.sperm concentration but abnormal.y l.w sperm motil.ty and viabil.ty. When sperm retrieval.is desired in this popul.tion, emphasis shoul. be pl.ced on initial.y trying the simpl. methods of penil. vibratory stimul.tion or el.ctroejacul.tion before resorting to more advanced and invasive surgical.procedures.

关键词： assisted reproductive technol.gy ejacul.tion el.ctroejacul.tion mal. infertil.ty parapl.gia penil. vibratory stimul.tion semen sperm spinal.cord injury surgical.sperm retrieval

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Androgen deprivation therapy-associated vasomotor symptoms

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2012年第2期14卷 193-197页

作者： Jason M Jones Manish Kohl. charles l.l.prinzi Department of Medical.Oncol.gy Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 USA

Androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） is widel. used as standard therapy in the treatment of l.cal.y advanced and metastatic prostate cancer. Whil. efficacious, ADT is associated with mul.ipl. side effects, incl.ding decreased l.bido, erectil. dysfunction, diabetes, l.ss of muscl. tone and al.ered body composition, osteoporosis, l.pid changes, memory l.ss, gynecomastia and hot fl.shes. The breadth of l.terature for the treatment of hot fl.shes is much smal.er in men than that in women. Whil. hormonal.therapy of hot fl.shes has been shown to be effective, mul.ipl. non-hormonal.medications and treatment methods have al.o been devel.ped. This articl. reviews current options for the treatment of hot fl.shes in patients taking ADT.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy hot fl.shes vasomotor symptoms

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Anal.zing neural.degeneration of the retina with connectomics

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 113-114页

作者： charles l.Zucker John E.Dowl.ng Department of Mol.cul.r and Cel.ul.r Biol.gy Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

El.ctron microscopy(EM)provides a unique abil.ty to visual.ze structural.detail.with a resol.tion orders of magnitude better than other imaging *** conventional.y,its l.mitation is that each acquired image represents a smal. area with a section thickness significantl. l.ss than 100 ***,techniques have been devel.ped that al.ow thousands of rel.tivel. l.rge serial.sections to be col.ected and efficientl. imaged at ful. EM resol.tion,with the images then being stitched back together to produce a 3D vol.me.

关键词： neural image Appl.ed

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Displ.cement Current in Domain Wal.s of Bismuth Ferrite

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npj Computational.Material. 2018年第1期4卷 597-605页

作者： Sergey Prosandeev Yurong Yang charles Pail.ard l.Bel.aiche Physics Department and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Institute of Physics and Physics Department of Southern Federal UniversityRostov-na-Donu 344090Russia

In 1861,Maxwel. conceived the idea of the displ.cement current,which then made l.ws of el.ctrodynamics more compl.te and al.o resul.ed in the real.zation of devices expl.iting such displ.cement ***,it is presentl. unknown if such displ.cement current can resul. in l.rge intrinsic ac current in ferroic systems possessing domains,despite the fl.rry of recent activities that have been devoted to domains and their corresponding conductivity in these ***,we report firstprincipl.s-based atomistic simul.tions that predict that the transverse(pol.rization-rel.ted)displ.cement currents of 71°and 109°domains in the prototypical.BiFeO_(3) mul.iferroic material.are significant at the wal.s of such domains and in the GHz regime,and,in fact,resul. in currents that are at l.ast of the same order of magnitude than previousl. reported dc currents(that are l.kel. extrinsic in nature and due to el.ctrons).Such l.rge,l.cal.zed and intrinsic ac currents are found to originate from l.w-frequency vibrations at the domain wal.s,and may open the door to the design of novel.devices functioning in the GHz or THz range and in which currents woul. be confined within the domain wal..

关键词： currents regime magnitude

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Contemporary Approaches for Identifying Rare Bone Disease Causing Genes

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Bone Research 2013年第4期1卷 301-310页

作者： charles R.Farber Thomas l.Cl.mens Center for Publ.c Heal.h Genomics University of Virginia Departments of Publ.c Heal.h Sciences and Biochemistry and Mol.cul.r Genetics University of Virginia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Bal.imore Veterans Administration Medical.Center

Recent improvements in the speed and accuracy of DNA sequencing, together with increasingl. sophisti- cated mathematical.approaches for annotating gene networks, have revol.tionized the fiel. of human genetics and made these once time consuming approaches assessabl. to most investigators. In the fiel. of bone research, a particul.rl. active area of gene discovery has occurred in patients with rare bone disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta （OI） that are caused by mutations in singl. genes. In this perspective, we highl.ght some of these technol.gical.advances and describe how they have been used to identify the genetic determinants underl.ing two previousl. unexpl.ined cases of OI. The widespread avail.bil.ty of advanced methods for DNA sequencing and bioinformatics anal.sis can be expected to greatl. facil.tate identification of novel.gene networks that normal.y function to control.bone formation and maintenance.

关键词： exome sequencing genome sequencing bioinformatics osteogenesis imperfect pigment epithel.um-derived factor (PEDF) bone restricted ifitm-l.ke protein (Bril.

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Strain control.of l.yer-resol.ed negative capacitance in superl.ttices

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npj Computational.Material. 2020年第1期6卷 127-130页

作者： Raymond Wal.er Sergey Prosandeev charles Pail.ard l.Bel.aiche Department of Physics and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Department of Mathematical.Sciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Identity Engineering Kinesso LLCConwayAR 72032USA Institute of Physics and Physics Department of Southern Federal.University Rostov-na-Donu 344090Russia l.boratoire Structures Propriétés et Modélisation des SolidesCentraleSupélecUMR CNRS 8580UniversitéParis-Saclay91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

Negative capacitance in BaTiO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) superl.ttices is investigated by Monte Carl. simul.tions in an atomistic effective Hamil.onian model.using fl.ctuation formul.s for responses to the l.cal.macroscopic fiel. that incorporates depol.rizing *** show that epitaxial.strain can tune the negative capacitance of the BaTiO_(3) ferroel.ctric l.yer and the overal. capacitance of the *** addition,we predict and expl.in an original.switching of the negative capacitance from the BaTiO3 l.yer to the SrTiO_(3) l.yer at l.w temperatures for intermediate strains.

关键词： capacitance l.yer resol.ed

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Social.interactions in a sol.tary carnivore

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第4期63卷 357-362页

作者： l. Mark El.ROCH Howard QUIGl.Y Panthera 8 West 40th Street 18th Floor New York NY 10018 USA

In total. 177 of 245 terrestrial.carnivores are described as sol.tary, and much of carnivore ecol.gy is buil. on the assumptions that interactions between adul. sol.tary carnivores are rare. We empl.yed Gl.bal.Positioning System （GPS） technol.gy and motion-triggered cameras to test predictions of l.nd-tenure territorial.ty and the resource dispersion hypothesis in a territorial.carnivore, the puma Puma concol.r. We documented 89 independent GPS interactions, 60% of which occurred at puma kil.s （n=53）, 59 camera interactions, 11 （17%） of which captured courtship behaviors, and 5 other interactions （1 F-F, 3 M-F, and 1 M-M）. Mean minimum weekl. contact rates were 5.5 times higher in winter, the season when el. Cervus el.phus were aggregated at l.wer el.vations and during which puma courtship primaril. occurred. In winter, contacts rates were 0.6_＋ 0.3 （standard devi- ation （SD）） interactions/week vs. 0.1 _＋ 0.1 （SD） interactions/week during summer. The preponder- ance of interactions at food sources supported the resource dispersion hypothesis, which predicts that resource fl.xes can expl.in temporary social.behaviors that do not resul. in any apparent benefits for the individual. invol.ed. Conspecific tol.rance is l.gical.when a prey is so l.rge that the predator that kil.ed it cannot consume it entirel., and thus, the costs of tol.rating a conspecific sharing the kil. are l.ss than the potential.costs associated with defending it and being injured. Puma aggregations at kil.s numbered as high as 9, emphasizing the need for future research on what expl.ins tol.rance among sol.tary carnivores.

关键词： carnivores competition Puma concol.r resource dispersion hypothesis social.interactions tol.rance.

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External.y-induced meditative states： an expl.ratory fMRI study of architects＇ responses to contempl.tive architecture

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Frontiers of Architectural.Research 2017年第2期6卷 123-136页

作者： Jul.o Bermudez David Krizaj David l. l.pschitz charles Eil.ott Buel.r Jadwiga Rogowska Deborah Yurgel.n-Todd Yoshio Nakamura School.of Architecture and Pl.nning The Catholic University of America 620 Michigan Ave. NE Washington DC 20064 USA Department of Ophthal.ol.gy and Visual.Sciences and Department of Neurobiol.gy & Anatomy School of Medicine University of Utah 65 Maria Capecchi Dr. Salt Lake City UT 84132 USA Utah Center for Expl.ring Mind-Body Interactions Pain Research Center Department of Anesthesiology University of Utah 615 Arapeen Drive Suite 200 Salt Lake City UT 84108 USA Cognitive Neuroimaging l.boratory Department of Psychiatry University of Utah 383 Colorow Drive Room 323 Salt Lake City UT 84108 USA

Buil. environments can induce contempl.tive states, but direct evidence for their impact on the brain is l.cking. This expl.ratory work investigated brain correl.tes of internal.states el.cited by architecture designed for contempl.tive experience. Functional.MRI and sel.-reports of 12 architects were assessed to study their responses to photographs of ordinary and contempl.tive architectures. Images of contempl.tive buil.ings：（1） induced attentive, receptive, and absorbing experiences and diminished internal.dial.gue; （2） invol.ed decreased engagement of prefrontal.cortex; and （3） activated the occipital.l.be, precentra[ gyrus, and inferior parietal.l.bul.. They suggest that viewing buil.ings designed for contempl.tion may evoke experiential.and brain signatures that consistentl. differ from those induced by buil.ings that serve everyday functions. The depth of such external.y induced states was inversel. correl.ted with the engagement of the Defaul. Mode Network. Our study points toward a novel.avenue for investigating how contempl.tion can be cul.ivated in the human brain/mind.

关键词： Contempl.tion Meditation Architecture Embodiment Phenomenotogy Neuroscience

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Mannose-binding l.ctin and mal.dies of the bowel.and l.ver

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2006年第40期12卷 6420-6428页

作者： Daniel.l.Worthl.y Peter G Bardy David l.Gordon charles G Mul.ighan Department of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Flinders Medical Centre South Australia Australia Division of Haematol.gy Royal Adelaide Hospital and Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science South Australia Australia Department of Haematology-Oncology The Queen Elizabeth Hospital South Australia Australia Department of Microbiol.gy and Infectious Diseases Flinders Medical Centre South Australia Australia Division of Haematol.gy Royal Adelaide Hospital and Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science South Australia Australia Pathol.gy St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital Memphis Tennessee United States

Mannose-binding l.ctin (MBl. is a pattern-recognition mol.cul. that binds to characteristic carbohydrate mo-tifs present on the surface of many different pathogens. MBl.binding stimul.tes the immune system via the l.ctin pathway of compl.ment activation. In certain cl.nical.situations, often characterized by pre-existing immune compromise, MBl.deficiency increases the risk of infec-tious and other disease-specific compl.cations. Many of the key pathogenic processes inherent to common gastroenterol.gical.diseases, such as infection, immuno-l.gical.damage, and carcinogenesis, have been l.nked to MBl. This editorial.reviews the biol.gy of MBl. outl.nes key disease associations to document the breadth of infl.ence of MBl. and final.y, highl.ghts the rel.vance of MBl.to both gastroenterol.gical.heal.h and disease.

关键词： Mannose-binding l.ctin Col.ectins, Innate immunity Pol.morphism Infection

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Post-transcriptional.regul.tion of vascul.r endothel.al.growth factor: Impl.cations for tumor angiogenesis

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2006年第31期12卷 4937-4942页

作者： Peter S Yoo Abby l.Mul.een charles H Cha Gastrointestinal.Surgery and Surgical.Oncol.gyYal. School.of Medicine New HavenConnecticutUnited States

Vascul.r endothel.al.growth factor （VEGF） is a potent secreted mitogen critical.for physiol.gic and tumor angiogenesis. Regul.tion of VEGF occurs at several.l.vel., incl.ding transcription, mRNA stabil.zation, transl.tion, and differential.cel.ul.r l.cal.zation of various isoforms. Recent advances in our understanding of post-transcriptional.regul.tion of VEGF incl.de identification of the stabil.zing mRNA binding protein, HuR, and the discovery of internal.ribosomal.entry sites in the 5＇UTR of the VEGF mRNA. Monocl.nal.anti-VEGF antibody was recentl. approved for use in humans, but suffers from the need for high systemic doses. RNA interference （RNAi） technol.gy is being used in vitro and in animal.model. with promising resul.s. Here, we review the l.terature on post-transcriptional.regul.tion of VEGF and describe recent progress in targeting these mechanisms for therapeutic benefit.

关键词： Vascul.r endothel.al.growth factor Vascul.r endothel.al.growth hormone Post-transcriptional.regul.tion mRNA stabil.ty HuR El.Vl Internal.ribosomal.entry IRES siRNA RNAi Bevacizumab

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