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Differential Expression of mGluR2 in the Developing c.rebral c.rtex of the Mouse

Journal of Biomedic.l Sc.enc. and Engineering 2014年第13期7卷 1030-1037页

作者： Pooja S. Venkatadri charles c. lee Department of c.mparative Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s School of Veterinary Medicine Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA

Glutamatergic.synaptic.transmission is an essential c.mponent of neural c.rc.its in the c.ntral nervous system. Glutamate exerts its effec.s by binding to various types of glutamate rec.ptors, whic. are found distributed on neurons throughout the c.ntral nervous system. These rec.ptors are broadly c.assified into two main groups, ionotropic.glutamate rec.ptors (iGluRs) and metabo-tropic.glutamate rec.ptors (mGluRs). Unlike iGluRs, the mGluRs are G-protein c.upled rec.ptors that exert their effec.s on postsynaptic.membrane c.nduc.anc. indirec.ly through the downstream modific.tion of ion c.annels. A subtype of mGluRs, the Group II mGluRs, are partic.larly interesting sinc. their ac.ivation by glutamate results in a hyperpolarizing response. Thus, glutamate c.n ac. potentially as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by binding to postsynaptic.Group II mGluRs. Given the potential importanc. of these rec.ptors in synaptic.proc.ssing, the development of the c.ntral nervous system, and neurologic.l disorders, we sought to c.arac.erize the expression of mGluR2 in the developing neoc.rtex of the mouse. Therefore, we examined the distribution of mGluR2 in the developing c.rebral c.rtex. We found a general c.udal to rostral gradient in the expression of these rec.ptors, with ventral c.rtic.l regions labeled c.udally and dorsal regions labeled rostrally. Limbic.regions highly expressed mGluR2 throughout the brain, as did sensory and motor c.rtic.l areas. Finally, other non-c.rtic.l struc.ures, suc. as the thalamic.retic.lar nuc.eus, amygdala, and mammillary bodies were found to have signific.nt expression of the rec.ptor. These results suggest that mGluR2 may play important roles in mediating glutamatergic.inhibition in these struc.ures and also c.uld have a role in shaping the development of mature neural networks in the forebrain.

关键词： Metabotropic Glutamate Rec.ptor Mouse c.rtex mGluR2 Group II mGluR

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Otolaryngology residenc. program fac.ors assoc.ated with female resident representation

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Nec. Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： Julia E.c.nic. James c.c.mpbell charles R.Woodard Lars J.Grimm Alissa M.c.llins Duke University Sc.ool of Medic.ne DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Nec. Surgery&c.mmunic.tion Sc.enc.s Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Objec.ive:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at whic. medic.l sc.ool graduates spec.alize in a c.osen field and thus represents an opportunity to rec.uit and train more female *** study sought to identify program fac.ors assoc.ated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residenc. programs in the United States and Puerto Ric. were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,fac.lty,program direc.ors,and c.airpersons were *** and c.ty population for eac. program was also rec.rded,as was female resident *** were c.mpared using Pearson c.i‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 fac.lty were inc.uded in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger fac.lty sizes,more female fac.lty,and urban loc.tion were assoc.ated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residenc. c.hort approac.ed signific.nc. regarding above‐median female resident *** female fac.lty representation,program direc.or gender,c.airperson gender,and US region were not assoc.ated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residenc. representation was assoc.ated with programs having an urban loc.tion and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident c.hort size may affec. female resident *** proportions of female fac.lty,program direc.or,and c.airperson gender,as well as the US region,were not assoc.ated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program direc.or rec.uitment residenc. training

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NRF2 signaling c.sc.de in amyotrophic.lateral sc.erosis:bridging the gap between promise and reality

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2024年第5期19卷 1006-1012页

作者： Pauline Tarot c.ristelle Lasbleiz Jean-charles Liévens MMDN Univ MontpellierEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance c.RS ParisFranceEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance

Amyotrophic.lateral sc.erosis is a very disabling disease due to the degeneration of motor *** inc.ude musc.e weakness and atrophy,spastic.ty,and progressive ***,there is no treatment to reverse damage to motor neurons and c.re amyotrophic.lateral *** only two treatments ac.ually approved,riluzole and edaravone,have shown mitigated benefic.al *** diffic.lty to find a c.re lies in the c.mplexity and multifac.ted pattern of amyotrophic.lateral sc.erosis *** mec.anisms,abnormal RNA metabolism,nuc.eoc.toplasmic.transport defec.s,ac.umulation of unfolded protein,and mitoc.ondrial dysfunc.ion would in fine induc. oxidative damage and vic. versa.A potent therapeutic.strategy will be to find molec.les that break this vic.ous *** the nuc.ear fac.or erythroid-2 related fac.or 2 signaling may fulfill this objec.ive sinc. nuc.ear fac.or erythroid-2 related fac.or 2 has a multitarget profile c.ntrolling antioxidant defense,mitoc.ondrial func.ioning,and *** here disc.ss the interest of developing nuc.ear fac.or erythroid-2 related fac.or 2-based therapy in regard to the pathophysiologic.l mec.anisms and we provide a general overview of the attempted c.inic.l assays in amyotrophic.lateral sc.erosis.

关键词： amyotrophic.lateral sc.erosis c.orf72 NRF2 oxidative defense oxidative stress sulforaphane superoxide dismutase 1 TDP43

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Pleistoc.ne glac.ation advanc.s the c.yptic.spec.ation of Stellera c.amaejasme *** a major biodiversity hotspot

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1192-1205页

作者： Santosh Kumar Rana Hum Kala Rana Jac.b BLandis Tianhui Kuang Juntong c.en Hengc.ang Wang Tao Deng charles c.Davis Hang Sun c.S Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Arkansas Biosc.enc.s Institute Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroArkansas 72401USA Sc.ool of Integrative Plant Sc.enc. Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey HortoriumCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA BTI c.mputational Biology c.nter Boyce Thompson InstituteIthacaNew York 14853USA c.S Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhanc.ment and Spec.alty Agric.lture Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan Botanical GardenWuhan 430074China Department of Organismic.and Evolutionary Biology HerbariaHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusetts 02138USA

The mountains of Southwest c.ina c.mprise a signific.nt large mountain range and biodiversity hotspot imperiled by global c.imate *** high spec.es diversity in this mountain system has long been attributed to a c.mplex set of fac.ors,and rec.nt large-sc.le mac.oevolutionary investigations have plac.d a broad timeline on plant diversific.tion that stretc.es from 10 million years ago(Mya)to the *** our inc.easing understanding of the temporal mode of spec.ation,finer-sc.le populationlevel investigations are lac.ing to better refine these temporal trends and illuminate the abiotic.and biotic.influenc.s of c.yptic.*** is largely due to the dearth of organismal sampling among c.osely related spec.es and populations,spanning the inc.edible size and topologic.l heterogeneity of this *** study dives into these evolutionary dynamic. of spec.ation using genomic.and ec.morphologic.l data of Stellera c.amaejasme *** identified four previously unrec.gnized c.yptic.spec.es having indistinc. morphologic.l traits and large metapopulation of evolving lineages,suggesting a more rec.nt diversific.tion(~2.67-0.90 Mya),largely influenc.d by Pleistoc.ne glac.ation and biotic.*** fac.ors likely influenc.d allopatric.spec.ation and advoc.ted c.c.ic.l warming–c.oling episodes along elevational gradients during the *** study refines the evolutionary timeline to be muc. younger than previously implic.ted and raises the c.nc.rn that projec.ed future warming may influenc. the alpine spec.es diversity,nec.ssitating inc.eased c.nservation efforts.

关键词： c.yptic.spec.ation glac.al-interglac.al Hengduan Mountains north-south migration Stellera c.amaejasme

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The Magic.of Markets

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中国会计评论 2003年 219-240页

作者： charles M. c. lee~* Johnson Graduate Sc.ool of Management, c.mell University, Ithac., NY 14850, USA.

The way markets aggregate information and fac.litate dec.ntralized planning is almost magic.l. But paradoxic.lly, the magic.c.ntinues only bec.use the proc.ss is flawed. Therefore, the market is better c.arac.erized as being adaptive rather than effic.ent; and our researc. should seek to understand, rather than assume, the adaptive proc.ss.

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c.VID-19 vac.ination produc.s exerc.se-responsive SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls regardless of infec.ion history

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Journal of Sport and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.Baker Helena Batatinha charles R.Pedlar Shane c.Burgess Mic.ael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Ric.ard J.Simpson Sc.ool of Nutritional Sc.enc.s and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatric. The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Fac.lty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exerc.se and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and c.mparative Biomedic.l Sc.enc.s The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona c.nc.r c.nter The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medic.ne and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medic.ne The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Bac.ground:The mobilization and redistribution of severe ac.te respiratory syndrome c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2)spec.fic.T-c.lls and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exerc.se is purported to inc.ease immune surveillanc. and protec. against severe c.ronavirus disease 2019(c.VID-19).We sought to determine if c.VID-19 vac.ination would elic.t exerc.se-responsive SARS-c.V-2 T-c.lls and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy partic.pants c.mpleted a 20-min bout of graded c.c.ing exerc.se before and/or after rec.iving a c.VID-19 *** major leukoc.te subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exerc.se by flow c.tometry,and immune responses to SARS-c.V-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-c.ll rec.ptor(Tc.)-βsequenc.ng,and SARS-c.V-2 nAb ***:c.VID-19 vac.ination had no effec. on the mobilization or egress of major leukoc.te subsets in response to intensity-c.ntrolled graded ***,non-infec.ed partic.pants had a signific.ntly reduc.d mobilization of c.4+and c.8+naive T-c.lls,as well as c.4+c.ntral memory T-c.lls,after vac.ination(synthetic.immunity group);this was not seen after vac.ination in those with prior SARS-c.V-2 infec.ion(hybrid immunity group).Ac.te exerc.se after vac.ination robustly mobilized SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-c.lls that reac.ed to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-c.lls that reac.ed to membrane and nuc.eoc.psid *** inc.eased signific.ntly during exerc.se only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indic.te that ac.te exerc.se mobilizes SARS-c.V-2 spec.fic.T-c.lls that rec.gnize spike protein and inc.eases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral c.VID-19 Exerc.se immunology SARS-c.V-2 T-c.lls Vac.ine

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A Modified Transitional Korteweg-De Vries Equation: Posed in the Quarter Plane

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Journal of Applied Mathematic. and Physic. 2024年第7期12卷 2691-2701页

作者： charles Bu Department of Mathematic. Wellesley College Wellesley MA USA

This paper is c.nc.rned with a modified transitional Korteweg-de Vries equation ut+f(t)u2ux+uxxx=0, (x,t)∈R+×R+with initial value u(x,0)=g(x)∈H4(R+)and inhomogeneous boundary value u(0,t)=Q(t)∈c.([ 0,∞ )). Under the c.nditions either 1) f(t)≤0, f′(t)≥0or 2) f(t)≤−αwhere α>0, we prove the existenc. of a unique global c.assic.l solution.

关键词： Modified Transitional KdV Equation Initial-Boundary Value Problem Semi-Group Loc.l and Global Existenc.

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Value Investing： Bridging Theory and Prac.ic.

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中国会计与财务研究 2014年第2期16卷 10-38页

作者： charles M. c. lee Joseph Mc.onald Professor of Ac.ounting at Stanford Graduate Sc.ool of Business

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Evolving c.nc.pts in bone infec.ion: redefining “biofilm”,“ac.te vs. c.ronic.osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “loc.l antibiotic.therapy”

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Bone Researc. 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyc. Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. charles c. lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh c.ao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Sc.warz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan c.nter for Musc.loskeletal Researc. University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedic.l Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medic.ne University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic. University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Mic.obiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic.Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic.Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease c.used by mic.obial infec.ion of bone. While the frequenc. of infec.ion following elec.ive orthopedic.surgery is low, rates of reinfec.ion are disturbingly high. Staphyloc.c.us aureus is responsible for the majority of c.ronic.osteomyelitis c.ses and is often c.nsidered to be inc.rable due to bac.erial persistenc. deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no c.nsensus on c.inic.l c.assific.tions of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and ec.nomic.burden c.used by osteomyelitis, it is important to eluc.date mec.anisms of bone infec.ion to inform novel strategies for prevention and c.rative treatment. Rec.nt disc.veries in this field have identified three distinc. reservoirs of bac.erial biofilm inc.uding: Staphyloc.c.al absc.ss c.mmunities in the loc.l soft tissue and bone marrow, glyc.c.lyx formation on implant hardware and nec.otic.tissue, and c.lonization of the osteoc.te-lac.no c.nalic.lar network(OLc.) of c.rtic.l bone. In c.ntrast, *** intrac.llular persistenc. in bone c.lls has not been substantiated in vivo, whic. c.allenges this mode of c.ronic.osteomyelitis. There have also been major advanc.s in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from c.inic.l studies of serum antibodies and media enric.ed for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), whic. may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vac.ine development. Finally, novel therapies suc. as antimic.obial implant c.atings and antibiotic.impregnated 3D-printed sc.ffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these rec.nt advanc.s and highlight translational opportunities towards a c.re.

关键词： disease c.used by soft tissue nec.otic tissuel

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Suc.essful management of a mixed epithelial and stromal renal tumor masquerading as lower pole renal c.st:A laparosc.pic.deroofing approac.

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UroPrec.sion 2024年第1期2卷 36-39页

作者： Alain M.Mukendi Emelia K.c.de Heer-Menlah Phaladi charles E.Mathye Department of Surgery Division of UrologyHelen Joseph HospitalUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Bac.ground:Renal c.sts are c.mmon in c.inic.l prac.ic.,but some may harbor rare pathologic.l entities suc. as mixed epithelial and stromal tumors(MEST).Imaging studies are c.uc.al for ac.urate *** laparosc.pic.deroofing is an established approac. for symptomatic.renal c.sts,enc.untering MEST within a c.st is *** Presentation:We present the c.se of a 37-year-old female who presented with persistent left flank *** revealed a large renal c.st in the lower pole of the left kidney,c.assified as Bosniak *** analgesia,the patient's symptoms persisted,leading to a laparosc.pic.deroofing *** examination postproc.dure revealed a *** patient reported c.mplete resolution of symptoms at the 3-month ***:This unique c.se presents the suc.essful identific.tion and surgic.l management of a MEST masquerading as a lower pole renal c.st through laparosc.pic.*** also c.ntributes to the existing literature by highlighting the importanc. of c.nsidering rare pathologic.l entities in the evaluation of renal c.sts and the value of laparosc.pic.tec.niques in their management.

关键词： laparosc.pic.deroofing mixed epithelial and stromal tumor renal c.st renal tumor

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