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Highly crystalline vinylene-linked covalent organic frameworks enhanced solid polycarbonate electrolyte for dendrite-free solid lithium metal batteries

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 8083-8090页

作者： Kaige Zhang chaoqun niu Chengbing Yu Li Zhang Yuxi Xu School of Materials and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 201800China

The development of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)with high ionic conductivity,outstanding electrochemical window,and promising mechanical strength is a key factor in realizing the commercialization of high energy density solid-state lithium metal batteries(LMBs).Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are a functional crystalline material with highly customizable molecular networks and one-dimensional channel structures,thus showing great potential applications in SSEs.Herein,we design flexible COF-poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate)(PVEC)(abbreviated as COF-PVEC)composite electrolyte films with excellent ionic conductivity and high mechanical strength,enabling dendrite-free and long-term running solid-state LMBs.Owing to the lithiumphilic triazine and carbon–carbon double bonds groups in the COF skeleton,the obtained flexible COF-PVEC shows high ionic conductivity up to 1.11×10^(−4)S·cm^(−1)at 40℃,and enlarged electrochemical window up to 4.6 V(vs.Li^(+)/Li)compared with pure PVEC electrolyte.At the same time,the lithium dendrites are efficiently inhibited after discharge–charging cycles,due to the improved Young’s modulus(150 MPa)and ordered channels of COF.Using the various features of COF-PVEC,we assembled a solid-state full battery with LiFePO4 cathode,which showed superior rate capacity(151.8,146.2,139.2,128.1,113.7,and 100.8 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.1,0.2,0.5,1,1.5,and 2 C,respectively)and excellent long-term cycling stability(over 400 cycles at 1 C).We believe that the COF-based composite electrolyte can become one of the most promising high-performance SSEs for solid-state LMBs.

关键词： solid-state electrolytes covalent organic frameworks lithium dendrites solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Tailoring the interaction of covalent organic framework with the polyether matrix toward high-performance solid-state lithium metal batteries

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Carbon Energy 2022年第4期4卷 506-516页

作者： Zhen Hou Shuixin Xia chaoqun niu Yuepeng Pang Hao Sun Zhiqi Li Yuxi Xu Shiyou Zheng School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhouChina

Solid polymer electrolyte is one of the most promising avenues to construct next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density,high safety,and flexibility,yet the low ionic conductivity at room temperature and poor high-voltage tolerance have limited their practical applications.To address the above issues,we design and synthesize a highly crystalline,vinyl-functionalized covalent organic framework(V-COF)rationally grafted with ether-based segments through solvent-free in situ polymerization.V-COF can afford a fast Li+conduction highway along the one-dimensional nanochannels and improve the high-voltage stability of ether-based electrolytes due to the rigid and electrochemically stable networks.The as-formed solid-state electrolyte membranes demonstrate a superior ionic conductivity of 1.1×10^(−4)S cm^(−1)at 40℃,enhanced wide electrochemical window up to 5.0 V,and high Young's modulus of 92 MPa.The Li symmetric cell demonstrates ultralong stable cycling over 600 h at a current density of 0.1 mA cm^(−2)(40℃).The assembled solid-state Li|LiFePO4 cells show a superior initial specific capacity of 136 mAh g^(−1)at 1 C(1 C=170 mA g^(−1))and a high capacity retention rate of 84%after 300 cycles.This study provides a novel and scalable approach toward high-performance solid ether-based lithium metal batteries.

关键词： covalent organic framework energy storage in situ polymerization solid polymer electrolyte

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Sn content gradient GeSn with strain controlled for high performance GeSn mid-infrared photodetectors

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1567-1574页

作者： XIANGQUAN LIU JUN ZHENG chaoqun niu TAORAN LIU QINXING HUANG MINGMING LI DIANDIAN ZHANG YAQING PANG ZHI LIU YUHUA ZUO BUWEN CHENG State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

GeSn detectors have attracted a lot of attention for mid-infrared Si photonics,due to their compatibility with Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology.The GeSn bandgap can be affected by Sn composition and strain,which determines the working wavelength range of detectors.Applying the Sn content gradient GeSn layer structure,the strain of GeSn can be controlled from fully strained to completely relaxed.In this work,the strain evolution of GeSn alloys was investigated,and the effectiveness of gradually increasing Sn composition for the growth of high-Sn-content GeSn alloys was revealed.Relaxed GeSn thick films with Sn composition up to 16.3%were grown,and GeSn photodetectors were fabricated.At 77 K,the photodetectors showed a cutoff wavelength up to 4.2μm and a peak responsivity of 0.35 A/W under 1 V at 2.53μm.These results indicate that GeSn alloys grown on a Sn content gradient GeSn structure have promising application in mid-infrared detection.

关键词： content gradient complementary

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A single nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene causes some of the panda's unique metabolic phenotypes

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National Science Review 2022年第2期9卷 34-42页

作者： Agata M.Rudolf Qi Wu Li Li Jun Wang Yi Huang Jacques Togo Christopher Liechti Min Li chaoqun niu Yonggang Nie Fuwen Wei John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Development Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Centre of Excellence for Animal Ecology and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Metabolic Health Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an iconic bear native to China,famous for eating almost exclusively bamboo.This unusual dietary behavior for a carnivore is enabled by several key adaptations including low physical activity,reduced organ sizes and hypothyroidism leading to lowered energy expenditure.These adaptive phenotypes have been hypothesized to arise from a panda-unique single-nucleotide mutation in the dual-oxidase 2(DUOX2) gene,involved in thyroid hormone synthesis.To test this hypothesis,we created genome-edited mice carrying the same point mutation as the panda and investigated its effect on metabolic phenotype.Homozygous mice were 27% smaller than heterozygous and wild-type ones,had 13 % lower body mass-adjusted food intake,5 5 % decreased physical activity,lower mass of kidneys(11%) and brain(5%),lower serum thyroxine(T4:36%),decreased absolute(12%) and mass-adjusted(5%) daily energy expenditure,and altered gut microbiota.Supplementation with T4 reversed the effects of the mutation.This work uses a state-of-the-art genome editing approach to demonstrate the link between a single-nucleotide mutation in a key endocrine-related gene and profound adaptive changes in the metabolic phenotype,with great importance in ecology and evolution.

关键词： giant panda DUOX2 mutation metabolic rate thyroid hormones DUOX2 mice and microbiota

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Single lithium-ion channel polymer binder for stabilizing sulfur cathodes

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 315-323页

作者： chaoqun niu Jie Liu Tao Qian Xiaowei Shen Jinqiu Zhou Chenglin Yan College of Energy Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University

Lithium–sulfur batteries have great potential for high-performance energy-storage devices, yet the severe diffusion of soluble polysulfide to electrolyte greatly limits their practical applications. To address the above issues, herein we design and synthesize a novel polymer binder with single lithium-ion channels allowing fast lithium-ion transport while blocking the shuttle of unnecessary polysulfide anions. In situ UV–vis spectroscopy measurements reveal that the prepared polymer binder has effective immobilization to polysulfide intermediates. As expected, the resultant sulfur cathode achieves an excellent specific capacity of 1310 mAh g-1at 0.2 C, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% at 0.5 C after 100 cycles and stable cycling performance for 300 cycles at 1 C(1 C = 1675 mA g-1). This study reports a new avenue to assemble a polymer binder with a single lithium-ion channel for solving the serious problem of energy attenuation of lithium–sulfur batteries.

关键词： polymer binders single lithium-ion channels polysulfide intermediates lithium–sulfur batteries

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Monomer-dependent synthesis of secondary amine-linked triazine-based two-dimensional polymers nanosheets

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第7期63卷 966-972页

作者： Ranran Zhao chaoqun niu Mohamed FAly Aboud Imran Shakir Chengbing Yu Yuxi Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 201800China School of Engineering Westlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Sustainable Energy Technologies Center College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Expanding the structural diversity of crystalline two-dimensional polymers(2DPs) is highly desired but remains a considerable challenge. Herein we report the first synthesis of novel crystalline secondary amine-linked triazine-based 2DPs(SAT-2DPs) by using benzidine or 4, 4′′-diamino-p-terphenyl and cyanuric chloride under solvothermal conditions. We find the structures of diamine-based monomers play a crucial role in deciding whether the synthesized material is crystalline 2DPs nanosheets or amorphous nanoparticles, which is unexpected and provides an important understanding of the 2D polymerization mechanism.The obtained SAT-2DPs not only show a lateral size of micrometers and an ultrathin thickness of a few nanometers, but also demonstrate high crystallinity with a unique ABC stacking configuration, excellent solvent dispersibility and superior thermal stability. In addition, the resultant SAT-2DPs are used to guide uniform lithium-ion deposition due to their abundant nitrogen atoms and ordered open channels. The assembled asymmetric coin cells(Li|Cu) with SAT-2DPs realize the average coulombic efficient up to 99.3% during discharge-charge cycles. This work provides valuable insights into the synthesis of new 2DPs for various applications.

关键词： nanosheets,two-dimensional polymers crystalline solution synthesis monomer-dependent

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75 GHz germanium waveguide photodetector with 64 Gbps data rates utilizing an inductive-gain-peaking technique

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Journal of Semiconductors 2023年第1期44卷 79-84页

作者： Xiuli Li Yupeng Zhu Zhi Liu Linzhi Peng Xiangquan Liu chaoqun niu Jun Zheng Yuhua Zuo Buwen Cheng State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

High-performance germanium(Ge)waveguide photodetectors are designed and fabricated utilizing the inductivegain-peaking technique.With the appropriate integrated inductors,the 3-dB bandwidth of photodetectors is significantly improved owing to the inductive-gain-peaking effect without any compromises to the dark current and optical responsivity.Measured 3-dB bandwidth up to 75 GHz is realized and clear open eye diagrams at 64 Gbps are observed.In this work,the relationship between the frequency response and large signal transmission characteristics on the integrated inductors of Ge waveguide photodetectors is investigated,which indicates the high-speed performance of photodetectors using the inductive-gainpeaking technique.

关键词： germanium photodetectors inductive-gain-peaking optical interconnection

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Effects of dietary macronutrients and body composition on glucose homeostasis in mice

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 19-29页

作者： Sumei Hu Jacques Togo Lu Wang Yingga Wu Dengbao Yang Yanchao Xu Li Li Baoguo Li Min Li Jianbo Li Guanlin Wang Xueying Zhang chaoqun niu Mohsen Mazidi Alex Douglas John R.Speakman State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education of China) School of Pharmacy Yantai University School of Basic Medical Sciences University of Dali University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics (CCEAEG)

As a major health issue, obesity is linked with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. However, whether disrupted glucose homeostasis is due to altered body composition alone, or whether dietary macronutrients play an additional role, independent of their impact on body composition, remains unclear. We investigated the associations between macronutrients, body composition, blood hormones and glucose homeostasis. We fed C57BL/6N mice 29 different diets with variable macronutrients for 12 weeks. After 10 weeks,intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests were performed. Generalized linear models were generated to evaluate the impacts of macronutrients, body composition and blood hormones on glucose homeostasis.The area under the glucose curve (AUC) was strongly associated with body fat mass, but not dietary macronutrients. AUC was significantly associated with fasting insulin levels. Six genes from transcriptomic analysis of epididymal white adipose tissue and subcutaneous white adipose tissue were significantly associated with AUC. These genes may encode secreted proteins that play important previously unanticipated roles in glucose homeostasis.

关键词： dietary macronutrients body fat mass fasting blood glucose glucose tolerance mice

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Developmental systems biology flourishing on new technologies

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第10期35卷 577-584页

作者： Jing-Dong J. Han Yi Liu Huiling Xue Kai Xia Hong Yu Shanshan Zhu Zhang Chen Wei Zhang Zheng Huang Chunyu Jin Bo Xian Jing Li Lei Hou Yixing Han chaoqun niu Timothy C. Alcon Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Center for Molecular Systems Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of Machine Perception （Ministry of Education） Peking University Beijing 100871 China Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011-1040 USA

Organism development is a systems level process. It has benefited greatly from the recent technological advances in the field of systems biology. DNA microarray, phenome, interactome and transcriptome mapping, the new generation of deep sequencing technologies, and faster and better computational and modeling approaches have opened new frontiers for both systems biologists and developmental biologists to reexamine the old developmental biology questions, such as pattern formation, and to tackle new problems, such as stem cell reprogramming. As showcased in the International Developmental Systems Biology Symposium organized by Chinese Academy of Sciences, developmental systems biology is flourishing in many perspectives, from the evolution of developmental systems, to the underlying genetic and molecular pathways and networks, to the genomic, epigenomic and noncoding levels, to the computational analysis and modeling. We believe that the field will continue to reap rewards into the future with these new approaches.

关键词： developmental systems biology new technologies symposium

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56 Gbps high-speed Ge electro-absorption modulator

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Photonics Research 2020年第10期8卷 1648-1652页

作者： ZHI LIU XIULI LI chaoqun niu JUN ZHENG CHUNLAI XUE YUHUA ZUO BUWEN CHENG State Key Laboratory on integrated Optoelectronics lnstitute of SermiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeljing 100083China Center of Matenials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering Udniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeljing 100049china Beijing Academy of Quanturm inaformation Sciences Beijing T00193China

A high-speed evanescent-coupled Ge waveguide electro-absorption modulator(EAM)with simple fabrication processes was realized on a silicon-on-insulator platform with a 220 nm top Si layer.Selectively grown Ge with a triangle shape was directly used for Ge waveguides of the EAM.An asymmetric p-i-n junction was designed in the Ge waveguide to provide a strong electric field for Franz-Keldysh effect.The insertion loss of the Ge EAM was 6.2 dB at 1610 nm.The EAM showed the high electro-optic bandwidth of 36 GHz at-1 V.Clear open 56 Gbps eye diagrams were observed at 1610 nm with a dynamic extinction ratio of 2.7 dB and dynamic power consumption of 45 fJ/bit for voltage swing of 3Vpp.

关键词： modulator waveguide absorption

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