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Hippocampal overexpression of TREM2 ameliorates high fat diet induced cognitive impairment and modulates phenotypic polarization of the microglia

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第2期9卷 401-414页

作者： Min wu Maolin Liao Rongfeng Huang Chunxiu Chen Tian Tian Hongying Wang Jiayu Li Jibin Li Yuxiang Sun chaodong wu Qifu Li Xiaoqiu Xiao Department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016PR China The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016PR China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health and ManagementChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016PR China Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550004PR China Department of Nutrition and Food Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and Alzheimer's disease(AD)share several common pathophysiological *** variants of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)increase the risk of developing AD,suggesting the involvement of TREM2 and innate immunity in AD *** is still unknown whether TREM2 is related to cognitive impairment in ***,we investigated the effects of the hippocampal overexpression of TREM2 on cognitive in long-term high-fat diet(HFD)-fed *** C57BL/6J mice were maintained on HFD for 50 ***2 was overexpressed in the hippocampus 36 weeks after HFD feeding using adeno-associated virus vector(AAV)-mediated gene *** results showed that the HFD feeding induced rapid and persistent weight gain,glucose intolerance and significant impairments in learning and *** with AAV-con,AAV-TREM2 significantly ameliorated cognitive impairment without altering body weight and glucose homeostasis in HFD *** overexpression of TREM2 upregulated the synaptic proteins spinophilin,PSD95 and synaptophysin,suggesting the improvement in synaptic *** complexity and spine density in the CA1 region were rescued after TREM2 ***,TREM2 markedly increased the number of iba-1/Arg-1-positive microglia in the hippocampus,suppressed neuroinflammation and microglial *** sum,hippocampal TREM2 plays an important role in improving HFD-induced cognitive dysfunction and promoting microglial polarization towards the M2 anti-inflammatory *** study also suggests that TREM2 might be a novel target for the intervention of obesity/diabetes-associated cognitive decline.

关键词： Diabetes Microglial polarization Neurodegeneration Neuroinflammation Obesity TREM2

Pyrite morphology and episodic euxinia of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in South China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 102-113页

作者： YE YunTao wu chaodong ZHAI LiNa AN ZhengZe Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Ministry of Education School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Oil & Gas Peking University Beijing 100871 China No. 103 Geological Team Guizhou Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development Tongren 554300 China

The Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation with well-preserved fossil record in South China provides a rare window for our understanding of biological evolution,global carbon cycle,and oceanic redox *** negativeδ^(13)C anomalies(i.e.,the Shuram excursion)in Ediacaran successions worldwide fundamentally challenge the traditional models of isotopic mass ***,conflicting opinions of both oxic and anoxic conditions have been proposed for the deep waters during this ***,we present a detailed study of pyrite morphology and carbonate carbon isotope data documented from drill core samples at Songtao County,northeastern *** aggregates are the dominant pyrite form in black shale and they can transfer to euhedral crystals through continuous growth of the constituent microcrystals.A positive correlation between microcrystal sizes(d)and framboid diameters(D)is observed,while the different D/d ratios of framboids in argillaceous dolostone and black shale reflect different substrate *** microprobe analyses reveal no consistent compositional patterns between framboidal and euhedral *** size distributions of the investigated drill core,in combination with previously published redox data from the intra-shelf Jiulongwan section,shelf margin Zhongling section,and lower slope wuhe section,suggest that three episodes of marine euxinia have been established throughout the deposition of the Doushantuo *** time lag between the uppermost euxinic interval and the Shuram excursion may arise from the depression of sulfate reduction maintained by other oxidants.

关键词： Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation Framboidal pyrite Carbon isotope Ocean anoxia Yangtze Platform

Age and Provenance of Loess deposits on the Northern Flank of Tianshan Mountain

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第3期83卷 648-654页

作者： YUAN Qingdong ZHANG Zhicheng wu chaodong GUO Zhaojie Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution （Peking University） Ministry of Education Beijing 100871 China

The distribution, optically stimulated luminescence dating and granulometric properties suggest that the loess on the northern flank of Tian Shan should be divided into two types. One which is like mantle and is named type A, is located on the windward slopes and dated to about 54.5±5.73 Ka. The other, called type B, lies flatly on the terraces of the rivers or low hills and penetrated 30.8±2.05 Ka ago. Here we study the origin and the age of two types of loess, and a model of loess formation is proposed. The dust was entrained from the Gobi Desert located to the north of Tian Shan by the monsoon from Mongolia, obstructed by the high mountains and deposited on the windward slopes of the mountains. The rivers and flows then transported the aeolian loess to low terraces and piedmont alluvial plains.

关键词： loess optically stimulated luminescence dating granulometric properties North Tianshan

Seismic Imaging of the Sedimentary System of the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Northern Songliao Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第4期30卷 788-798页

作者： wuling Mo chaodong wu Nan Su Shun Zhang Mingzhen Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China PetroChina Exploration and Development Research Institute Langfang 257000China Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Co. Ltd. Daqing 163712China

This paper studied seismic imaging of the sedimentary system of the Nenjiang Formation in the Northern Songliao Basin based on seismic sedimentology. An accurate and detailed depiction and explanation is provided for underground geological bodies within a relative geological period using the stratal slice technology,based on three-order sequence correlations of well logging and seismic data for the purpose of obtaining high-resolution pictures of the sedimentary system. Research results have revealed that the sedimentary system of the Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the Northern Songliao Basin includes meandering streams,anastomosing streams,lake deltas,and sediment gravity flow channels. Based on seismic imaging analysis,the genesis and seismic geomorphology of the sedimentary system of the Nenjiang Formation are explored in order to understand the spatial distribution of typical sedimentary bodies and the evolution of streams in the Nenjiang Formation. According to the research results,the sedimentation of the Nenjiang Formation was subject to the delta system in the east and northeast of the formation. The provenance in the northeastern part played a dominant role during the deposition of the Nenjiang Formation for some time;after the earlier maximum flooding in the second and third members of the Nenjiang Formation,the northeastern system began to decline and was gradually replaced by the eastern system. Stratal slices have revealed that a well-developed gravity flow channel system was developed in the first member of the Nenjiang Formation,and massive slip blocks occurred in the second and third members of the formation. The research results indicated that the large gravity flow channel system in the first member of the Nenjiang Formation was formed by streams that emptied directly into the lake;and the slip blocks in the second and third members were the results of gravity sliding of sediments along steep slopes at the delta front.

关键词： seismic sedimentology stratal slice sedimentary system Nenjiang Formation Songliao Basin

Referential significance of sulfur isotopes and separation of S species in black shales of Southwest China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第17期44卷 1612-1616页

作者： chaodong wu Fangang Zeng Jiajin Lei Rui Zhao Peking Univ Dept Geol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

The states of S species in black shales are very complex, such as organic sulfur, pyrite sulfur and sulphate sulfur. The mineral microtexture, sulfur content and sulfur isotope can indicate the formation conditions and diagenetic processes of the black shales. The S species are separated perfectly and the relation between the content, mineral microtexture and

关键词： S species sulfur isotope black shales anoxic environment.

Geochemistry of Platinum Group and Rare Earth Elements of the Polymetallic Layer in the Lower Cambrian,Weng'an,Guizhou Province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第3期83卷 618-627页

作者： FU Yong wu chaodong GUAN Ping QU Wenjun CHEN Jiafu Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution MOE Peking University Beijing 100871 China National Research Center of Geoanalysis Beijing 100037 China

The black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Weng＇an, on the Yangtze platform of south China, contain voluminous polymetallic sulfide deposits. A comprehensive geochemical investigation of trace, rare earth, and platinum group elements （PGE） has been undertaken in order to discuss its ore genesis and correlation with the tectono-depositional setting. The ore-bearing layers enrich molybdenum （Mo）, nickel （Ni）, vanadium （V）, lead （Pb）, strontium （Sr）, barium （Ba）, uranium （U）, arsenic （As）, and rare earth elements （REE） in abundance. High uranium/ thorium （U/Th） ratios （U/Th〉I） indicated that mineralization was mainly influenced by the hydrothermal process. The 8U value was above 1.9, showing a reducing sedimentary condition. The REE patterns showed high enrichment in light rare earth elements （LREE）（heavy rare earth elements （HREE）（LREE/HREE=5-17）, slightly negative europium （Eu） and cerium （Ce） anomalies （δEu=0.81- 0.93）, and positive Ce anomalies （δCe=0.76-1.12）. PGE abundance was characterized by the PGE-type distribution patterns, enriching platinum （Pt）, palladium （Pd）, ruthenium （Ru） and osmium （Os）. The Pt/Pd ratio was 0.8, which is close to the ratios of seawater and ultramafic rocks. All of these geochemical features suggest that the mineralization was triggered by hydrothermal activity in an extensional setting in the context of break-up of the Rodinian supercontinent.

关键词： geochemistry polymetallic layer hydrothermal activity Lower Cambrian

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基于生成对抗网络的砂岩薄片图像视野外重建

北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2023年第2期59卷 231-241页

作者：周嵘吴朝东张亚楠北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室北京100871

利用生成对抗网络(GAN)模型,对砂岩薄片图像的微观颗粒和孔隙结构进行视野外重建,并对预测图像的语义进行评价。结果表明,模型能够预测2.25倍于原始视野的砂岩微观结构,并且针对不同类型的岩石图像语义均具有良好的性能。模型对不同颗... 详细信息

利用生成对抗网络(GAN)模型,对砂岩薄片图像的微观颗粒和孔隙结构进行视野外重建,并对预测图像的语义进行评价。结果表明,模型能够预测2.25倍于原始视野的砂岩微观结构,并且针对不同类型的岩石图像语义均具有良好的性能。模型对不同颗粒的表面纹理、颗粒形态以及多颗粒间复杂接触关系等语义的图像视野外预测结果与真实图像较为吻合。但是,在微观特殊现象图像的视野外重建任务中,模型缺乏对特殊现象的敏感性。在孔隙结构重建时,模型对微孔面孔率的预测误差大于粒间孔、裂隙和溶蚀孔等孔隙空间。不同孔隙空间重建图像的预测效果可能与孔隙特征(如孔径大小和连通性)有关。

关键词：生成对抗网络(GAN) 岩石薄片图像颗粒结构孔隙结构图像视野外推

Metformin and metabolic diseases： a focus on hepatic aspects

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第2期9卷 173-186页

作者： Juan Zheng Shih-Lung Woo Xiang Hu Rachel Botchlett Lulu Chen Yuqing Huo chaodong wu Department of Nutrition and Food Science Texas A &M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Endocrinology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China Drug Discovery Center Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China

Metformin has been widely used as a diabetes （T2D）. As a drug that primarily targets first-line anti-diabetic medicine for the treatment ot type Z the liver, metformin suppresses hepatic glucose production （HGP）, serving as the main mechanism by which metformin improves hyperglycemia of T2D. BiochemicaUy, metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis. Metformin also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is a pathway that critically contributes to elevated HGP. While generating beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, metformin also improves insulin resistance and corrects dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. These beneficial effects of metformin implicate a role for metformin in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As supported by the results from both human and animal studies, metformin improves hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver inflammation. Mechanistically, the beneficial effects of metformin on hepatic aspects are mediated through both adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways. In addition, metformin is generally safe and may also benefit patients with other chronic liver diseases.

关键词： metformin diabetes hepatic steatosis inflammatory response insulin resistance

Sedimentary filling and sequence structure dominated by T-R cycles of the Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第12期57卷 278-296页

作者： ZHANG ChenChen ZHANG Shun WEI Wei wu chaodong LIANG JiangPing NIU Wen DU JinXia FU XiuLi CUI KunNing WANG Chao WANG Hui School of Earth and Space Science Peking University Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Daqing Oil Field Company

The Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin is a symmetrical sequence of progradation-retrogradation,and is formed in the transgression cycle and regression cycle(T-R cycles)of the base level of *** analyzed the drilling,well logging,core data,and seismic profiles of basin level,and by using the sequence stratigraphy,identified one secondary sequence boundary,two third-order sequence boundaries,and eight fourth-order sequence boundaries in the Nenjiang *** eleven sequence boundaries can be divided into structural unconformity,depositional unconformity,flooding surface,and forced regression *** the Nenjiang Formation can be subdivided into one secondary sequence,three third-order sequences,and ten fourth-order *** have restored the sedimentary filling evolution within the stratigraphic framework of fourth-order sequences in the Nenjiang *** sedimentary period of the first member of the Nenjiang Formation was corresponded to the global transgression period,which is also the development period of transgression cycle(T cycle),when the lake basin had the largest scope and deepest sedimentary water,the SB07(the maximum flooding surface)was formed on the top of strata during this period;covering above the SB07,there developed a set of condensation layer-oil shale,which is distributed in the whole basin and is the important source bed and regional ***,a retrogradation sequence was formed in the T cycle of the first member of the Nenjiang Formation,characterized by the retrograding delta at a low *** delta has a giant front,a small plain,and many underwater distributary ***,large gravity flow channels and sublacustrine fans are developed in the front of the *** the depositional period of the second member of the Nenjiang Formation,the R cycle began to develop due to the compression of the pacific tectonic domain;the source direction rotated 90°along with the eastern uplifting of

关键词： transgressive-regressive cycles sedimentary evolution dynamic mechanism Songliao Basin Nenjiang Formation