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Impact of Local Climate Zones on the Urban Heat and Dry Islands in Beijing:Spatial Heterogeneity and Relative Contributions

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 126-137页

作者： Zuofang ZHENG fu LUO Nana LI hua GAO Yuanjian YANG Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089 School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 Key Laboratory of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089

Based on the building height and density data on a 100-m resolution,hourly 2-m temperature and humidity data at83 automatic weather stations,and gridded local climate zone(LCZ)data on a 120-m resolution in urban Beijing in2020,this study first employs the semivariogram combined with building parameters to calculate spatial correlations and has identified an LCZ grid resolution of 500 m suitable for best usage of the available observation ***,how the spatially heterogeneous LCZs affect and contribute to the canopy urban heat island intensity(UHII)and urban dry island intensity(UDII)are quantitatively *** is found that UHII is high in winter and low in summer with a unimodal diurnal variation while UDI is low in winter but high in summer with a bimodal diurnal *** LCZ with compact mid-rise(open high-rise)buildings exhibits the highest UHII(UDII),followed by the compact high-rise(compact low-rise),while the LCZ of scattered trees presents both the lowest UHII and the lowest *** most significant difference in the UHII(UDII)among the nine LCZ types in the urban area of Beijing is2.62℃(1.1 g kg^(-1)).Area-weighted averaging analysis reveals that the open mid-rise LCZ is the most significant contributor to the UHII(UDII),immediately followed by compact mid-rise(open low-rise),with the least contribution from bare rock or paved(scattered trees).The results also indicate that beyond the intrinsic physical properties of the LCZs of a city,their area proportions cannot be overlooked in evaluating their impact on the UHI and *** quantitatively findings could help urban planners to create a livable urban climate and environment by adjusting the relevant land use.

关键词： local climate zone(LCZ) urban heat island(UHI) urban dry island(UDI) distribution pattern contribution rate Beijing

PVP/PAN-derived porous carbon fiber for zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3066-3073页

作者： Shu-hua Yang Wen-Qing fu Yan-Wei Cui Bing-Qiang Cao Materials Center for Energy and Photoelectrochemical Conversion School of Material Science and EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China

Porous carbon fibers are promising cathodes for zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSs)owing to their abundant active sites,great conductivity,and stable physical and chemical ***,designing a proper preparation technique to regulate the microstructure of carbon fibers still remains a great ***,a poly vinylpyrrolidone/po-lyacry lonitrile(PVP/PAN)-derived porous carbon fiber is developed via the PVP/PAN blend electrospinning and hydrothermal selective PVP removal *** hydrothermal selective PVP removal strategy can effectively avoid a cross-linking between PVP and PAN during the traditional stabilization at air *** PVP/PAN-derived porous carbon fiber,the sufficient micropores provide abundant space for the Zn^(2+)storage,whereas the proper mesopores contribute to the fast ion *** hierarchical porous structures endow ZHSs with high specific capacity and high-rate *** ZHS assembled with the optimal PVP/PAN-derived porous carbon fiber(PVP-PANC-0.8)displays an outstanding specific capacity of 208 mAh·g^(-1),high rate capability(49.5%)from 0.5 to 5 A·g^(-1),and 72.25%capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 0.5 A·g^(-1).

关键词： Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors Porous carbon fibers Hierarchical porous structures Electrospinning

Central environmental protection inspection and carbon emission reduction: A tripartite evolutionary game model from the perspective of carbon neutrality

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2139-2153页

作者： Zhen-hua Zhang Dan Ling Qin-Xin Yang Yan-chao Feng Jing Xiu School of Economics Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina Institute of Green Finance Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina School of Management Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina School of Business Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001HenanChina Institute of Economics Jilin Academy of Social SciencesChangchun130033JilinChina

Since the carbon neutrality target was proposed,many countries have been facing severe challenges to carbon emission reduction *** study is conducted using a tripartite evolutionary game model to explore the impact of the central environmental protection inspection(CEPI)on driving carbon emission reduction,and to study what factors influence the strategic choices of each party and how they interact with each *** research results suggest that local governments and manufacturing enterprises would choose strategies that are beneficial to carbon reduction when CEPI *** the initial willingness of all parties increases 20%,50%—80%,the time spent for the whole system to achieve stability decreases from 100%,60%—30%.The evolutionary result of“thorough inspection,regulation implementation,low-carbon management”is the best strategy for the tripartite evolutionary ***,the smaller the cost and the larger the benefit,the greater the likelihood of the three-party game stability strategy *** study has important guiding significance for other developing countries to promote carbon emission reduction by environmental policy.

关键词： Central environmental protection inspection Local government Manufacturing enterprise Tripartite evolutionary game Carbon emission reduction

Testing the first law of black hole mechanics with gravitational waves

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 76-82页

作者： chao-Wan-Zhen Wang Jin-Bao Zhu Guo-Qing huang fu-Wen Shu Department of Physics Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Center for Relativistic Astrophysics and High Energy Physics Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China GCAP-CASPER Physics DepartmentBaylor UniversityWaco 76798-7316USA

The successful observation of gravitational waves has provided humanity with an additional method to explore the universe,particularly black *** this study,we utilize data from LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave observations to test the first law of black hole mechanics,employing two different *** consider the secondary compact object as a perturbation to the primary black hole before the merger,and the remnant black hole as a stationary black hole after the *** the pre-merger and post-merger analysis,our results demonstrate consistency with the first law,with an error level of approximate 25%at a68%credibility level for *** the full inspiral-merger-ringdown analysis,our results show consistency with the first law of black hole mechanics,with an error level of about 6%at a 68%credibility level and 10%at a 95%credibility level for ***,we observe that the higher the mass ratio of the gravitational wave source,the more consistent our results are with the first law of black hole ***,our study sheds light on the nature of compact binary coalescence and their implications for black hole mechanics.

关键词： gravitational waves black hole mechanics data analysis ringdown

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Effect of Platelet-rich Plasma in Stimulating Macrophage Transformation into M2 Type under AMPK Signaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 85-92页

作者： ZHONG Chang-rui fu Chun-hua Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of fujian Medical University The Second Hospital of Longyan

Objective: To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma(RPR) in stimulating the transformation of pro-inflammatory(M1) macrophages into antiinflammatory(M2) under the adenosine-monophosphate-dependent protein kinase(AMPK) signaling pathway. Methods: Rat peritoneal macrophages(RAW264.7) were cultured and randomly divided into 8 groups: blank control group, LPS group, RPR group A, RPR group B, LPS+RPR(12 h) group, LPS+RPR(24 h) group A, LPS+RPR(24 h)group B, LPS+RPR(24 h) group C. RPR was prepared based on blood donors. The expressions of AMPK signaling pathway-related proteins(AMPK, ULK1, m TOR) and macrophage markers(i NOS, Arg-1) in the blank control group, LPS group, LPS+RPR(12 h)group and LPS+RPR(24 h) group were observed and compared. The expressions of macrophage markers in LPS+RPR(24 h) B and C groups were compared, and the expressions of AMPK and TGF-β in RPR A and B groups were compared. Results: The gray values of AMPK and ULK1 in LPS cells decreased significantly, while those in LPS+RPR(12 h) and LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells increased significantly. The gray values of AMPK and ULK1 in LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells were higher than those in LPS+RPR(12 h)cells(P<0.05). The m TOR gray value of LPS cells was significantly higher than that of LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells, and the m TOR gray value of LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells was significantly lower than that of LPS+RPR(12 h) cells(P<0.05). The expression of i NOS in LPS cells was significantly decreased, the expression of i NOS in LPS+RPR(12 h) and LPS+RPR(24 h) cells was significantly increased, and the expression of i NOS in LPS+RPR(24 h) cells was higher than that in LPS+RPR(12 h) cells(P<0.05). The expression of Arg-1 in LPS cells was significantly decreased, the expression of Arg-1 in LPS+RPR(12 h) and LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells was significantly increased, and the expression of Arg-1 in LPS+RPR(24 h) A cells was higher than that in LPS+RPR(12 h)cells(P<0.05). The i NOS expression level of LPS+PRP(24 h) C cells was significantly higher

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One-Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of Different fused Multicyclic Iminosugars Based on the Iminium-lon Intermediate

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 142-150页

作者： Song Xie Jilai Wu Likai Zhou chao Wei Xiaoliu Li hua Chen Key Laboratoryof Chemical Biology of Hebei Province College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHebei UniversityBaodingHebei 071002China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xingtai UniversityXingtaiHebei 054001China

Different novel fused multicyclic iminosugars were synthesized from D-ribose tosylate,aniline and vinyl ethyl ether by one-pot three-component stereoselective[4+2]reaction at different *** iminium-ion is the key intermediate for the *** a result,several complex fused iminosugars 3a were obtained by aza-Diels-Alder mechanism at 60℃,while a series of aza-C-glycosides 5a were prepared by Mannich reaction at room temperature accompanied by another tetrahydroquinoline-fused iminosugars 4a(tricyclic derivatives)through aza-Diels-Alder *** strategy will help to construct structurally diverse and bioactive iminosugar analogues.

关键词： fused multicyclic iminosugar Aza-Diels-Alder cycloaddition Mannich reaction Tetrahydroquinoline Multicomponent reactions Enantioselectivity Cyclization

Linear paired electrolysis of furfural to furoic acid at both anode and cathode in a multiple redox mediated system

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第1期9卷 104-113页

作者： Xinxin Li Linchuan Cong Haibo Lin Fangbing Liu Xiangxue fu Hai-chao Xu Nan Lin State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Implementing a new energy-saving electrochemical synthesis system with high commercial value is a strategy of the sustainable development for upgrading the bulk chemicals preparation technology in the ***,we report a multiple redox-mediated linear paired electrolysis system,combining the hydrogen peroxide mediated cathode process with the I2 mediated anode process,and realize the conversion of furfural to furoic acid in both side of the dividedﬂow cell *** reasonably controlling the cathode potential,the undesired water splitting reaction and furfural reduction side reactions are *** the galvanostatic electrolysis,the two-mediated electrode processes have good compatibility,which reduce the energy consumption by about 22%while improving the electronic efﬁciency by about 125%.This system provides a green electrochemical synthesis route with commercial prospects.

关键词： Multiple redox mediated system Linear paired electrolysis furfural furoic acid

Deep learning CNN-APSO-LSSVM hybrid fusion model for feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2329-2344页

作者： Jiu-Qiang Yang Nian-Tian Lin Kai Zhang Yan Cui chao fu Dong Zhang College of Earth Sciences and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Transportation Institute of Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology Ministry of Natural Resources

Conventional machine learning(CML) methods have been successfully applied for gas reservoir prediction. Their prediction accuracy largely depends on the quality of the sample data; therefore, feature optimization of the input samples is particularly important. Commonly used feature optimization methods increase the interpretability of gas reservoirs; however, their steps are cumbersome, and the selected features cannot sufficiently guide CML models to mine the intrinsic features of sample data efficiently. In contrast to CML methods, deep learning(DL) methods can directly extract the important features of targets from raw data. Therefore, this study proposes a feature optimization and gas-bearing prediction method based on a hybrid fusion model that combines a convolutional neural network(CNN)and an adaptive particle swarm optimization-least squares support vector machine(APSO-LSSVM). This model adopts an end-to-end algorithm structure to directly extract features from sensitive multicomponent seismic attributes, considerably simplifying the feature optimization. A CNN was used for feature optimization to highlight sensitive gas reservoir information. APSO-LSSVM was used to fully learn the relationship between the features extracted by the CNN to obtain the prediction results. The constructed hybrid fusion model improves gas-bearing prediction accuracy through two processes of feature optimization and intelligent prediction, giving full play to the advantages of DL and CML methods. The prediction results obtained are better than those of a single CNN model or APSO-LSSVM model. In the feature optimization process of multicomponent seismic attribute data, CNN has demonstrated better gas reservoir feature extraction capabilities than commonly used attribute optimization methods. In the prediction process, the APSO-LSSVM model can learn the gas reservoir characteristics better than the LSSVM model and has a higher prediction accuracy. The constructed CNN-APSO-LSSVM mode

关键词： Multicomponent seismic data Deep learning Adaptive particle swarm optimization Convolutional neural network Least squares support vector machine Feature optimization Gas-bearing distribution prediction

Generic attacks on small-state stream cipher constructions in the multi-user setting

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Cybersecurity 2024年第3期7卷 69-79页

作者： Jianfu huang Ye Luo Qinggan fu Yincen Chen chao Wang Ling Song College of Cyber Security Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China National Joint Engineering Research Center of Network Security Detection and Protection Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Small-state stream ciphers(SSCs),which violate the principle that the state size should exceed the key size by a factor of two,still demonstrate robust security properties while maintaining a lightweight *** ciphers can be clas-sifed into several constructions and their basic security requirement is to resist generic attacks,ie.,the time-mem-ory-data tradeoff(TMDTO)*** this paper,we investigate the security of small-state constructions in the multi-user *** on it,the TMDTO distinguishing attack and the TMDTO key recovery attack are developed for such a *** is shown that SSCs which continuously use the key can not resist the TMDTO distinguishing ***,SSCs based on the continuous-IV-key-use construction cannot withstand the TMDTO key recovery attack when the key length is shorter than the IV length,no matter whether the keystream length is limited or ***,We apply these two generic attacks to TinyJAMBU and DRACO in the multi-user *** TMDTO distinguish-ing attack on TinyJAMBU with a 128-bit key can be mounted with time,memory,and data complexities of 264,248,and 232,*** attack is comparable with a recent work on ToSC 2022,where partial key bits of TinyJAMBU are recovered with more than 250 users(or keys).As DRACO's IV length is smaller than its key length,itis vulnerable to the TMDTO key recovery *** resulting attack has a time and memory complexity of both 2112,which means DRACO does not provide 128-bit security in the multi-user setting.

关键词： Small-state stream ciphers TMDTO attacks Multi-user setting