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Serum insulin, insulin resistance, p-cell dysfunction, and gallstone disease among type 2 diabetics in Chinese population: A community-based study in Kinmen, Taiwan

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第45期11卷 7159-7164页

作者： Chi-Ming Liu Tao-Hsin Tung shih-Tzer Tsai Jorn-Hon Liu Yeh-Kuang Tsai Victor Tze-Kai Chen Tseng-Nip Tam Hsu-feng Lu Kuang-Kuo Wang Chung-Te Hsu Hui-Chuan shih De-Chuan Chan Pesus Chou Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health National Yang-MingUniversity Cheng Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan China Department of medicine Veterans GeneralHospital Taipei Taiwan China Cheng Hsin General Hospital Faculty ofMedicine School of Medicine National Yang-Ming UniversityTaipei Taiwan China University of California San Francisco SanFrancisco CA United States Cardinal Tien Hospital College ofMedicine Fu-Jen Catholic University National Defence MedicineCenter Taipei Taiwan China Cheng Hsin General Hospital Taipei Taiwan China Department of Nursing Kaohsiung MilitaryGeneral Hospital Kaohsing Taipei Taiwan China Division of General Surgery Tri-ServiceGeneral Hospital National Defence Medical Center TaipeiTaiwan China Community Medicine Research Center and Instituteof Public Health National Yang-Ming University Taipei TaiwanChina

AIM: To explore the association of serum insulin, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction with gallstone disease (GSD) in type 2 diabetics. METHODS: We used a community-based study conducted between 1991 and 1993 in Kinmen, Taiwan to identify type 2 diabetics. A screening program for GSD was performed in 2001 by a panel of specialists who employed real-time ultrasound sonography to examine the abdominal region after the patient had fasted for at least 8 h. Screening was conducted in 2001 on 848 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The HOMA method was used to compare the profile differences for insulin resistance (HOMA IR) and β-cell dysfunction (HOMA β-cell). RESULTS: We studied 440 type 2 diabetics who attended sonography check-ups. After excluding eight insulin-treated diabetics, the prevalence of GSD among the remaining 432 was 13.9% (26/187) among males and 14.7% (36/245) among females. After adjustment for other GSD-associated risk factors in addition to age and obesity, GSD risk increased among females with levels of serum insulin [4th vs 1st quartile odds ratios (OR) = 4.46 (95%CI: 1.71-11.66)] and HOMA IR [4th vs 1st quartile OR = 4.46 (95%CI: 1.71-11.66)]. Better HOMA β-cell function was significantly related to decreased risk of GSD [4th vs 1st quartile OR = 0.16 (95%CI: 0.03-1.70)]. Among males, age and central obesity were the most significant risk factors for GSD. No association of GSD with serum insulin, HOMA IR, and HOMA β-cell was observed among males. CONCLUSION: Serum insulin, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction are risk factors for GSD in females, but not males with type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Gallstone disease Insulinresistance β-cell dysfunction Community-based study

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Algal removal from cyanobacteria-rich waters by preoxidation-assisted coagulation-flotation: Effect of algogenic organic matter release on algal removal and trihalomethane formation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 147-155页

作者： Jr-Lin Lin Lap-Cuong Hua shih Kai Hung Chihpin Huang Department of Environmental Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Institute of Environmental Engineering National Chiao Tung University

The cyanobacteria-bloom in raw waters frequently causes an unpredictable chemical dosing of preoxidation and coagulation for an effective removal of algal cells in water treatment plants. This study investigated the effects of preoxidation with NaOCl and ClO_2 on the coagulation-flotation effectiveness in the removal of two commonly blooming cyanobacteria species, Microcystis aeruginosa（MA） and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii（CR）, and their corresponding trihalomethane（THM） formation potential. The results showed that dual dosing with NaOCl plus ClO_2 was more effective in enhancing the deformation of cyanobacterial cells compared to single dosing with Na OCl, especially for CR-rich *** preoxidation approaches for CR-rich water effectively reduced the CR cell count with less remained dissolved organic carbon（DOC）, which benefited subsequent coagulation–flotation. However, preoxidation led to an adverse release of algogenic organic matter（AOM） in the case of MA-rich water. The release of AOM resulted in a poor removal in MA cells and a large amount of THM formation after oxidation-assisted coagulation-flotation process. The reduction in THM formation potential of CR-rich waters is responsible for effective algae and DOC removal by alum coagulation. It is concluded that the species-specific characteristic of cyanobacteria and their AOM released during chlorination significantly influences the performance of coagulation–flotation for AOM removal and corresponding THM formation.

关键词： Algogenic organic matter Preoxidation Coagulation-flotation Disinfection-by-products

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Numerical modeling of scour and deposition around permeable cylindrical structures

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2020年第3期35卷 278-286页

作者： Jiajia Pan Zhiguo He Wurong shih Niansheng Cheng Ocean College Zhejiang University Civil and Environmental Engineering.Lehigh University

Flow past wall-mounted cylindrical structures is commonly encountered in natural rivers where piers of bridge crossings or vegetation stalks are common within *** the current study,the influence of cylindrical structures on flow/bathymetric alterations for three different permeabilities is explored via two-dimensional numerical *** model construction processes,the structure permeability is varied with the surface void ratio along the perimeter of the cylinder,*** density of emergent and submerged solid elements is used to delineate the cylinder *** validation of this model is guaranteed through careful comparison with experimental data obtained for similar hydrodynamic conditions and cylinder *** validated model then is applied to investigate flow properties and scour and deposition patterns with structure permeabilities of 0.0,0.38,and *** results show that a permeable structure has less impeding effects on flow than a solid *** wake velocity reduction decreases 38% with a 63% increase in the structure permeability due to increasing intensity of the bleeding flow through surface voids,causing less flow contraction and diversion,lower turbulent kinetic energy,and lower lee-side scour around the permeable structure and less deposition downstream under live-bed conditions.

关键词： Structure permeability Scour and deposition Numerical modeling Flow characteristics

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Reliable evaluation method of quality control for compressive strength of concrete

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第8期6卷 836-843页

作者： CHEN Kuen-suan SUNG Wen-pei shih Ming-hsiang Department of lndustrial Engineering and Management National Chin-Yi Institute of Technologv Taiping Taichung Taiwan 41111 China Department of Landscape Design and Management National Chin-Yi Institute of Technologv Taiping Taichung Taiwan 41111 China Department of Construction Engineering National Kaoshiang First University of Science and Technology Kaoshiang Taiwan 824 China

Concrete in reinforced concrete structure (RC) is generally under significant compressive stress load. To guarantee required quality and ductility, various tests have to be conducted to measure the concrete’s compressive strength based on ACI (American Concrete Institute) code. Investigations of recent devastating collapses of structures around the world showed that some of the collapses directly resulted from the poor quality of the concrete. The lesson learned from these tragedies is that guaranteeing high quality of concrete is one of the most important factors ensuring the safety of the reinforced concrete structure. In order to ensure high quality of concrete, a new method for analyzing and evaluating the concrete production process is called for. In this paper, the indices of fit and stable degree are proposed as basis to evaluate the fitness and stability of concrete’s compressive strength. These two indices are combined to define and evaluate the quality index of the compressive strength of concrete. Prin-ciples of statistics are used to derive the best estimators of these indices. Based on the outcome of the study, a concrete compres-sive strength quality control chart is proposed as a tool to help the evaluation process. Finally, a new evaluation procedure to assess the quality control capability of the individual concrete manufacturer is also proposed.

关键词： Quality index of concrete The best estimators Quality control chart Evaluation criteria Fit degree of compressive strength of concrete Stable degree of compressive degree of concrete

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Development of micro milling force model and cutting parameter optimization

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 851-858页

作者： shih-ming WANG Da-fun CHEN Min-chang JANG Shambaljamts TSOOJ Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University

Taking the minimum chip thickness effect,cutter deflection,and spindle run-out into account,a micro milling force model and a method to determine the optimal micro milling parameters were *** micro milling force model was derived as a function of the cutting coefficients and the instantaneous projected cutting area that was determined based on the machining parameters and the rotation trajectory of the cutter *** an allowable micro cutter deflection is defined,the maximum allowable cutting force can be *** optimal machining parameters can then be computed based on the cutting force model for better machining efficiency and *** verify the proposed cutting force model and the method to determine the optimal cutting parameters,micro-milling experiments were conducted,and the results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the model and method.

关键词： micro-milling cutting force spindle run out cutter deflection optimal parameter

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Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy,Environment,and Biomedicine

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第3期15卷 48-97页

作者： Fanghua Li Yiwei Li KSNovoselov feng Liang Jiashen Meng shih‑Hsin Ho Tong Zhao Hui Zhou Awais Ahmad Yinlong Zhu Liangxing Hu Dongxiao Ji Litao Jia Rui Liu Seeram Ramakrishna Xingcai Zhang Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology National University of SingaporeSingapore 119260Singapore State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090People’s Republic of China School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics–Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074People’s Republic of China Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of SingaporeSingapore 117546Singapore School of Physics and Astronomy The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Anesthesia Critical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Departamento de Quimica Organica Universidad de CordobaEdificio Marie Curie(C‑3)Ctra Nnal IV‑AKm 39614014 CordobaSpain Department of Chemical Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

We conceptualize bioresource upgrade for sustainable energy,environment,and biomedicine with a focus on circular economy,sustainability,and carbon neutrality using high availability and low utilization biomass(HALUB).We acme energy-efficient technologies for sustainable energy and material recovery and *** technologies of thermochemical conversion(TC),biochemical conversion(BC),electrochemical conversion(EC),and photochemical conversion(PTC)are summarized for *** biomass could contribute to a biofuel HHV of 35.72 MJ Kg^(-1)and total benefit of 749$/ton biomass via *** surface area of biochar reached 3000 m^(2)g^(-1)via pyrolytic carbonization of waste bean *** biomass can be effectively converted into bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via BC with a high conversion efficiency of more than 90%.Besides,lignocellulosic biomass can contribute to a current density of 672 mA m^(-2)via *** can be 100%selectively synthesized via electrocatalysis through EC and *** learning,techno-economic analysis,and life cycle analysis are essential to various upgrading approaches of *** biomaterials,sustainable living materials and technologies for biomedical and multifunctional applications like nano-catalysis,microfluidic and micro/nanomotors beyond are also *** techniques and systems for the complete conversion and utilization of HALUB for new energy and materials are further discussed.

关键词： High availability low utilization biomass(HALUB) Circular economy Machine learning Energy-efficient conversion Nano-catalysis

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Arbitrary amplitude femtosecond pulse shaping via a digital micromirror device

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2019年第1期12卷 14-21页

作者： Chenglin Gu Dapeng Zhang Yina Chang shih-Chi Chen State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P.R.China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinN.T.Hong Kong SARP.R.China

An ultrafast spectrum programmable femtosecond laser may enhance the performance of a wide variety of scientific applications,e.g.,multi-photon *** this paper,we report a digital micromirror device(DMD)-based ultrafast pulse shaper,i.e.,DUPS,for femtosecond laser arbitrary amplitude shaping-the first time a programmable binary device reported to shape the amplitudes of ultrafast pulses spectrum at up to 32 kHz rate over a broad wavelength *** DUPS is highly effcient,compact,and low cost based on the use of a DMD in combination with a transmission *** and temporal dispersion introduced by the DUPS is compensated by a quasi-4-f setup and a grating pair,*** pulses with arbitrary spectrum shapes,including rectangular,sawtooth,triangular,double-pulse,and exponential profile,have been demonstrated in our experiments.A feedback operation process is implemented in the DUPS to ensure a robust and repeatable shaping *** total effciency of the DUPS for amplitude shaping is measured to be 27%.

关键词： Spectrum shaping ultrafast laser digital micromirror device

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The reliability of ultrasonographic measurements for testicular volume assessment: comparison of three common formulas with true testicular volume

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第2期11卷 261-265页

作者： Ming-Li Hsieh shih-Tsung Huang Hsin-Chieh Huang Yu Chen Yu-chao Hsu Division of Urology Department of SurgeryChang Gung Memorial HospitalChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan 333TaiwanChina

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of ultrasonographic estimates of testicular volume with true testicular volume and to compare the accuracy and precision of the three most commonly utilized formulas.A total of 15 patients underwent high-resolution ultrasonography(US)analysis for testicular volume before *** volume was calculated using three common formulas:(1)length(L)×width(W)×height(H)×0.52;(2)the empirical formula of Lambert:L×W×H×0.71;and(3)L×W^(2)×*** actual volume of each removed testis was estimated directly by a water displacement ***,four volume measurements were obtained for each of the 30 *** obtained data were analyzed by paired t-test and linear regression *** three US formula measurements significantly underestimated the true testicular *** largest mean biases were observed with US formula 1,which underestimated the true volume by 3.3 mL(31%).US formula 2 had a smaller mean difference from the true volume,with an underestimation of only 0.6 mL(6%).Regression analysis showed that formulas 1 and 2 had better R^(2) values than formula ***,all three US formulas displayed a strong linear relationship with the true volume(R^(2)=0.872−0.977;P<0.001).Among the commonly used US formulas,the empirical formula of Lambert(L×W×H×0.71)provided better accuracy than the other two formulas evaluated,and better precision than formula ***,the formula of Lambert is the optimal choice in clinical practice.

关键词： testicular volume testis ultrasonography

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Region-specific microRNA signatures in the human epididymis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 539-544页

作者： James A Browne shih-Hsing Leir Scott E Eggener Ann Harris Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Human Molecular Genetics Program Lurie Children＇s Research CenterChicagoIL 60614USA Department of Pediatrics Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Section of Urology University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60611USA.

The epithelium of the human epididymis maintains an appropriate luminal environment for sperm maturation that is essential for male fertility. Regional expression of small noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs contributes to segment-specific gene expression and differentiated functions. MicroRNA profiles were reported in human epididymal tissues but not specifically in the epithelial cells derived from those regions. Here, we reveal miRNA signatures of primary cultures of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis epithelial cells and of the tissues from which they were derived. We identify 324 epithelial cell-derived microRNAs and 259 tissue-derived microRNAs in the epididymis, some of which displayed regionalized expression patterns in cells and/or tissues. Caput cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-573 and miR-155. Cauda cell-enriched miRNAs included miR-1204 and miR-770. Next, we determined the gene ontology pathways associated with in silico predicted target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs. The effect of androgen receptor stimulation on miRNA expression was also investigated. These data show novel epithelial cell-derived miRNAs that may regulate the expression of important gene networks that are responsible for the regionalized gene expression and function of the epididymis.

关键词： caput cauda corpus human epididymis microRNA

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Droplet digital microfluidic system for screening filamentous fungi based on enzymatic activity

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 97-112页

作者： Kenza Samlali Chiara Leal Alves Mara Jezernik Steve C.C.shih Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada Centre for Applied Synthetic Biology Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Department of Biology Concordia UniversityMontréalQCCanada

Fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes have great utility in the agricultural and food *** cell-wall-degrading enzymes are known to have functions that can help defend against pathogenic *** existing methods used to discover these enzymes are not well adapted to fungi culture and morphology,which prevents the proper evaluation of these *** report the first droplet-based microfluidic method capable of long-term incubation and low-voltage conditions to sort filamentous fungi inside nanoliter-sized *** new method was characterized and validated in solid-phase media based on colloidal chitin such that the incubation of single spores in droplets was possible over multiple days(2–4 days)and could be sorted without droplet *** long-term culture,we examined the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by fungi during solid-state droplet fermentation using three highly sensitive fluorescein-based *** also used the low-voltage droplet sorter to select clones with highly active cell-wall-degrading enzymes,such as chitinases,β-glucanases,and β-Nacetylgalactosaminidases,from a filamentous fungi droplet library that had been incubated for>4 *** new system is portable,affordable for any laboratory,and user-friendly compared to classical droplet-based microfluidic *** propose that this system will be useful for the growing number of scientists interested in fungal microbiology who are seeking high-throughput methods to incubate and sort a large library of fungal cells.

关键词： system fluid culture

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