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Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer

Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 33-49页

作者： changting meng Chunmei Bai Thomas D. Brown Leroy E. Hood Qiang Tian Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA Department of Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China Swedish Cancer Institute Seattle WA 98104 USA P4 Medicine Institute Seattle WA 98109 USA

Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers） and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

关键词： Inflammation Immune regulation Microbial metabolites Carcinogenesis Traditional ChineseMedicine

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《2019年美国国立综合癌症网络胰腺癌临床实践指南(V2版)》更新要点及临床路径

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临床肝胆病杂志 2019年第7期35卷 1476-1484页

作者：孟长婷(译) 李晓青(审校) 系统生物研究所美国西雅图98109 北京协和医院消化内科北京100730

2018年美国约55 440例患者诊断为胰腺癌,约43 330例患者死于胰腺癌。在美国,胰腺癌在男性和女性肿瘤相关死因中均居于第4位(男性,列于肺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌后;女性,列于肺癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌后)。尽管男性和女性胰腺癌发病率相当... 详细信息

2018年美国约55 440例患者诊断为胰腺癌,约43 330例患者死于胰腺癌。在美国,胰腺癌在男性和女性肿瘤相关死因中均居于第4位(男性,列于肺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌后;女性,列于肺癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌后)。尽管男性和女性胰腺癌发病率相当,但非裔美国人较白种美国人有更高的发病率。1999年-2008年美国胰腺癌发病率的升高可能与肥胖、老龄人口比例增加及其他未知因素有关。

关键词：胰腺肿瘤临床路径美国诊疗准则(主题)

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《2018年美国国立综合癌症网络胰腺癌临床实践指南(V2版)》更新要点及临床路径

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临床肝胆病杂志 2018年第11期34卷 2316-2323页

作者：孟长婷李晓青系统生物研究所美国西雅图98109 北京协和医院消化内科北京100730

2018年,美国约55 440例患者诊断为胰腺癌,约43 330例患者死于胰腺癌。在美国,胰腺癌在肿瘤相关死因中位于第4位,男性列于肺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌后,女性列于肺癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌后。1999年-2008年美国胰腺癌发病率的升高可能与肥... 详细信息

2018年,美国约55 440例患者诊断为胰腺癌,约43 330例患者死于胰腺癌。在美国,胰腺癌在肿瘤相关死因中位于第4位,男性列于肺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌后,女性列于肺癌、乳腺癌和结直肠癌后。1999年-2008年美国胰腺癌发病率的升高可能与肥胖、老龄人口比例增加及其他未知因素有关。现将2018年美国国立综合癌症网络（NCCN）胰腺癌指南中较2017年更新要点及临床路径摘译如下。

关键词：胰腺肿瘤美国诊疗准则

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热敷对降低奥沙利铂化疗致神经毒性反应的效果

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现代临床护理 2013年第9期12卷 37-39页

作者：高向东孙昭孟长婷崔新梅中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院肿瘤内科门诊北京100730 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院妇产科北京100730

目的探讨热敷对降低奥沙利铂化疗致神经毒性反应的效果。方法将120例应用奥沙利铂联合希罗达方案化疗的肿瘤患者随机分为对照组和实验组,每组各60例,对照组按常规方法进行健康指导,实验组在此基础上采取热敷疗法。分别比较化疗完成2、4... 详细信息

目的探讨热敷对降低奥沙利铂化疗致神经毒性反应的效果。方法将120例应用奥沙利铂联合希罗达方案化疗的肿瘤患者随机分为对照组和实验组,每组各60例,对照组按常规方法进行健康指导,实验组在此基础上采取热敷疗法。分别比较化疗完成2、4个疗程后神经毒性反应发生率。结果实验组第2个疗程结束后神经毒性发生率为75.0%,对照组为91.7%;实验组第4个疗程结束后神经毒性发生率为86.7%,对照组为98.3%,两组比较,均P<0.001,差异具有统计学意义。结论热敷能有效减低奥沙利铂化疗过程致神经毒性的发生率。

关键词：奥沙利铂神经毒性反应热敷

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吉西他滨联合替吉奥治疗晚期胰腺癌的疗效分析

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中国医学科学院学报 2017年第4期39卷 562-567页

作者：程月鹃孟长婷邵亚娟李宁宁周娜阎小妍高鑫周建凤白春梅中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院肿瘤内科北京100730 北京大学临床研究所生物统计部北京100191 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院放射科北京100730

目的探讨吉西他滨联合替吉奥治疗局部晚期和转移性胰腺导管腺癌的疗效和不良反应,以及可能影响患者生存的因素。方法回顾性分析北京协和医院肿瘤内科2014年1月至2017年1月病理确诊并接受吉西他滨联合替吉奥方案(第1、8天吉西他滨1000 mg... 详细信息

目的探讨吉西他滨联合替吉奥治疗局部晚期和转移性胰腺导管腺癌的疗效和不良反应,以及可能影响患者生存的因素。方法回顾性分析北京协和医院肿瘤内科2014年1月至2017年1月病理确诊并接受吉西他滨联合替吉奥方案(第1、8天吉西他滨1000 mg/m^2静脉滴注30 min;第1~14天口服替吉奥40~60 mg/次,每日2次,每21天为1个周期)一线治疗的胰腺导管腺癌患者的临床资料,所有患者至少接受2周期化疗、有疗效评估和随访资料。结果 60例晚期胰腺癌患者纳入分析,疾病部分缓解13例(22%),稳定37例(61%),进展10例(17%),总体中位无进展生存期7个月(95%CI=6-10),中位总生存期12个月(95%CI=9-20)。单因素分析和多因素分析均显示原发灶切除对无进展生存期、肺转移对总生存期有显著影响。最常见3~4度不良反应为中性粒细胞减少(27%)、白细胞减少(18%)。结论吉西他滨联合替吉奥方案一线治疗晚期胰腺癌有效率较高,不良反应易于管理。

关键词：晚期胰腺癌吉西他滨替吉奥疗效

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A Novel Ensemble Learning Algorithm Based on D-S Evidence Theory for IoT Security

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第12期57卷 635-652页

作者： changting Shi College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China

In the last decade,IoT has been widely used in smart cities,autonomous driving and Industry 4.0,which lead to improve efficiency,reliability,security and economic ***,with the rapid development of new technologies,such as cognitive communication,cloud computing,quantum computing and big data,the IoT security is being confronted with a series of new threats and *** device identification via Radio Frequency Fingerprinting(RFF)extracting from radio signals is a physical-layer method for IoT *** physical-layer,RFF is a unique characteristic of IoT device themselves,which can difficultly be *** as people’s unique fingerprinting,different IoT devices exhibit different RFF which can be used for identification and *** this paper,the structure of IoT device identification is proposed,the key technologies such as signal detection,RFF extraction,and classification model is ***,based on the random forest and Dempster-Shafer evidence algorithm,a novel ensemble learning algorithm is *** theoretical modeling and experimental verification,the reliability and differentiability of RFF are extracted and verified,the classification result is shown under the real IoT device environments.

关键词： IoT security physical-layer security radio frequency fingerprinting random Forest evidence theory

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Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon nanostructured catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction： From mechanistic insights to structural optimization

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1449-1470页

作者： mengxia Shen changting Wei Kelong Ai Lehui Lu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Accelerating the rate-limiting oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） at the cathode remains the foremost issue for the commercialization of fuel cells. Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon （M-N/C, M = Fe, Co, etc.） nanostructures are the most promising class of non-precious metal catalysts （NPMCs） with satisfactory activities and stabilities in practical fuel cell applications. However, the long-debated nature of the active sites and the elusive structure-performance correlation impede further developments of M-N/C materials. In this review, we present recent endeavors to elucidate the actual structures of active sites by adopting a variety of physicochemical techniques that may provide a profound mechanistic understanding of M-N/C catalysts. Then, we focus on the spectacular progress in structural optimization strategies for M-N/C materials with tailored precursor architectures and modified synthetic routes for controlling the structural uniformity and maximizing the number of active sites in catalytic materials. The recognition of the right active centers and site-specific engineering of the nanostructures provides future directions for designing advantageous M-N/C catalysts.

关键词： oxygen reduction reaction,catalyst,metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N/C M = Fe Co etc.),fuel cell

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First record of abnormal body coloration in a rockfish Sebastes koreanus(Scorpaenoidei:Sebastidae)from coastal water of China based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 640-646页

作者： Ang LI Huan WANG changting AN Shufang LIU Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266071China

The first record of abnormal body coloration in Sebastes koreanus Kim and Lee,1994,from the Yellow Sea of China,was documented based on morphological characteristics and DNA *** two rockfish specimens were collected from the coastal waters of Qingdao,China,and the whole body and all fins of them were *** the two red-colored rockfish,there were tiny deep red spots on each fin,2 red radial stripes behind and below the eyes and 1 large deep red blotch on the opercula,while the similar stripe and spot patterns are also present in the *** specimens with normal body *** countable characteristics of the two specimens are in the range of the morphometry of *** further clarify the species identity and taxonomic status of the two specimens,DNA barcode analysis was carried *** genetic distance between the red-colored rockfish and *** was 0,and the minimum net genetic distances between the red-colored rockfish and other Sebastes species except for *** were 3.0%,which exceeds the threshold of species *** phylogenetic analysis showed that the DNA barcoding sequences of the two red-colored rockfish clustered with the *** *** above results of DNA barcode analysis also support that the two red-colored rockfish could be identified as the species of *** mechanism of color variation in *** is desirable for further research and the species could be an ideal model to study the color-driven speciation of the rockfishes.

关键词： abnormal body coloration Sebastes koreanus coastal water of China Yellow Sea morphological characteristics DNA barcoding

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Middle-late Holocene environment change induced by climate and human based on multi-proxy records from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,eastern China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第7期66卷 1450-1467页

作者： Rui KE Xiayun XIAO changting CHI Aubrey HILLMAN Baoyan JIA &Xiangdong YANG State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at AlbanyState University of New YorkAlbany 12222USA

Our knowledge about the interaction between human activities and the environment in the middle-late Holocene remains *** C1 in Lake Chaohu from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (MLYR),eastern China,provides an opportunity to investigate vegetation and climate changes,human activities,and East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) evolution since 5100 *** *** variables are assessed based on radiocarbon dating,pollen and charcoal records,and magnetic susceptibility (χ_(lf)),median grain size and *** reveal a hiatus in sedimentation between 2080 and 730 *** BP in the western part of Lake Chaohu,which is common in most lakes in the *** and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest retreated gradually after 3650 *** BP,and was replaced by secondary Pinus forest after at least 730 *** *** agricultural activities and vegetation clearance are first detected at 2520 *** *** settlements expanded from the lake front wetlands (during the period 2520–2080 *** BP) to remote high-altitude areas(2080–400 *** BP),and then returned to the lake front to reclaim the wetlands and lake (after 400 *** BP).A gradual trend of recessional EASM strength from 4300 *** BP and centennial-scale variations of EASM during the period5100–3650 *** BP are *** reduction of summer insolation,southward shift of the ITCZ,and El Ni?o Southern Oscillation may control the intensity of EASM and climate on a large regional scale.

关键词： Pollen Environment change Human activity Lake sediment Middle-late Holocene Middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River

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A multipath resource updating approach for distributed controllers in software-defined network.

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第9期59卷 227-236页

作者： Xiaochun WU Chunming WU changting LIN Qiang WU Bin WANG Computer Science College Zhejiang University Institute of Network and Communication Engineering Zhejiang Gongshang University ZTE Central R&D ZTE Corporation

Finding effective ways to collect the usage of network resources in all kinds of applications to ensure a distributed control plane has become a key requirement to improve the controller’s decision making *** paper explores an efficient way in combining dynamic Net View sharing of distributed controllers with the behavior of intra-service resource announcements and processing requirements that occur in distributed controllers, and proposes a rapid multipathing distribution mechanism. Firstly, we establish a resource collecting model and prove that the prisoner’s dilemma problem exists in the distributed resource collecting process in the Software-defined Network(SDN). Secondly, we present a bypass path selection algorithm and a diffluence algorithm based on Q-learning to settle the above dilemma. At last, simulation results are given to prove that the proposed approach is competent to improve the resource collecting efficiency by the mechanism of self-adaptive path transmission ratio of our approach, which can ensure high utilization of the total network we set up.

关键词： multipath Pareto optimal Q-learning

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