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How do Plant Morphological Characteristics, SpeciesComposition and Richness Regulate Eco-hydrological Function?

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第12期52卷 1086-1099页

作者： Zhen-Hong Wang chang-qun duan College of Life Sciences Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources Yangling 712100 China College of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China

Although considerable research has focused on the relationship between ecosystem structure and function, interactions of plant morphological characteristics, species composition and richness with eco-hydrological functions remain unclear. We measured water adherence （i.e. the capacity of a plant species to retain water）, documented plant surface morphology and observed surface runoff at three sites in China. The adhering water ratios for each plant species differed, ranging from 17.1% to 151.5% in leaves, and from 14.4% to 41.1% in branches. Small, light-weight, soft, non-cuticularized leaves that were densely situated on small branches showed good water adherence. The next best adherence was found by branches with intermediately coarse surfaces. The plant species with high standing biomass also showed good water adherence, and the contribution of a species to total adherence was dependent upon its aboveground standing biomass. Vegetation parameters strongly affected water adherence, whereas the effect of species richness was not significant. Conversely, species richness showed a significant influence on surface runoff. The effect of plant morphological characteristics and composition constitutes a basic process in the regulation of eco-hydrological function, and vegetation parameters play somewhat different roles in that regulation. The key roles must therefore be considered from a management perspective.

关键词： Plants Planting Species Branches Runoff Branching Regulations Leaves Measurement Water

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A comprehensive research on wear resistance of GH4169 superalloy in longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration side milling with tool wear and surface quality

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 556-573页

作者： Baoqi chang Zhaoxi YI Fen ZHANG Lian duan Ji-an duan School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex Manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Physics and Electronics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

To improve the service and machining performance of the workpiece, the tool wear mechanisms, surface machining quality, and wear resistance in conventional side milling(CSM)and longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration side milling(LTUVSM) of GH4169 superalloy at different cutting lengths are investigated systematically. Tool wear mechanisms are revealed and the correlation between machined surface quality with tool wear is analyzed correspondingly. Tool wear patterns mainly include adhesive wear, diffusion wear, abrasive wear, and chipping *** surface quality is achieved in LTUVSM due to a maximum reduction of flank wear bandwidth and wear rate by 71.9% and 71.5%, respectively, compared to CSM. The friction coefficient,initial wear stage time, and wear volume of dry sliding wear were measured to evaluate the workpiece wear resistance. The maximum reductions in friction coefficient and wear volume in LTUVSM are 18.2% and 15.8% compared to CSM. The regular ultrasonic vibration textures suppress the friction and the growth of contact nodes in the contact area, decreasing the degree of surface wear, which is demonstrated by a 38.8% increase in initial wear stage time compared to *** conclusion, the workpiece in LTUVSM exhibits higher wear resistance because of the improvement of tool wear and the guarantee of surface quality.

关键词： Dry sliding wear Surface quality Tool wear Ultrasonic vibration Wear resistance

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Scattering-based hybrid network for facial attribute classification

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第3期18卷 105-116页

作者： Na LIU Fan ZHANG Liang chang Fuqing duan School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Face attribute classification(FAC)is a high-profile problem in biometric verification and face *** recent research has been devoted to extracting more delicate image attribute features and exploiting the inter-attribute correlations,significant challenges still *** scattering transform(WST)is a promising non-learned feature *** has been shown to yield more discriminative representations and outperforms the learned representations in certain *** to the image classification task,WST can enhance subtle image texture information and create local deformation *** paper designs a scattering-based hybrid block,to incorporate frequency-domain(WST)and image-domain features in a channel attention manner(Squeezeand-Excitation,SE),termed WS-SE *** with CNN,WS-SE achieves a more efficient FAC performance and compensates for the model sensitivity of the small-scale affine *** addition,to further exploit the relationships among the attribute labels,we propose a learning strategy from a causal *** cause attributes defined using the causalityrelated information can be utilized to infer the effect attributes with a high confidence *** analysis experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our model,and our hybrid model obtains state-of-the-art results in two public datasets.

关键词： wavelet scattering transform causality-related learning facial attribute classification

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Environmental arsenic(As)and its potential relationship with endemic disease in southwestern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 46-59页

作者： Donglin Li Hucai Zhang Fengqin chang Lizeng duan Yang Zhang Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming 650500China

Many cases of an unknown disease exhibiting the clinical features of limb gangrene,blisters,ulceration,and exfoliation have been reported in Daping village(DV)in southwestern ***,the pathogenesis is unknown and has puzzled doctors for many years.A preliminary study on heavy metals and symptoms indicated that arsenic might pose the greatest threat to the health of local ***,to explore the sources of and factors influencing arsenic enrichment in DV,whose residents exhibit signs of arsenic poisoning,the As contents in soil,water,and plants were systematically *** results indicated high As contents in plant and soil samples obtained from the area,and the source of As may be linked to the weathering of black shale *** of soil and consumption of plants were the two main As exposure pathways among children and adults,respectively,and children exhibited a higher health risk than *** presume and emphasize that when extreme drought events occur,humans might face unusual risks resulting from exposure to toxic elements and the direct consumption of highly polluted *** study provides a new perspective and sheds light on the environmental geochemistry and health links of this disease.

关键词： Endemic disease Arsenic(As) Risk assessment Black shale Climate change

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Gapless Genome Assembly of ZH8015 and Preliminary Multi-Omics Analysis to Investigate ZH8015's Responses Against Brown Planthopper Infestation

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 317-327,I0042-I0045页

作者： LI Dian duan Wenjing LIU qun’en WU Weixun ZHAN Xiaodeng SUN Lianping ZHANG Yingxin CHENG Shihua State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Accurate genomic information is essential for advancing genetic breeding research in specific rice *** study presented a gapless genome assembly of the indica rice cultivar Zhonghui 8015(ZH8015)using Pac Bio HiFi,Hi-C,and ONT(Oxford Nanopore Technologies)ultra-long sequencing technologies,annotating 43037 gene ***,utilizing this genome along with transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques,we explored ZH8015's response to brown planthopper(BPH)*** transcriptomic sampling indicated significant changes in gene expression levels around 48 h after BPH *** analysis revealed particularly significant alterations in genes related to reactive oxygen species scavenging and cell wall *** results demonstrated marked increases in levels of several monosaccharides,which are components of the cell wall and dramatic changes in flavonoid *** association analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with key metabolites,shedding light on ZH8015's response to BPH *** summary,this study constructed a reliable genome sequence resource for ZH8015,and the preliminary multi-omics results will guide future insect-resistant breeding research.

关键词： brown planthopper gapless genome genome assembly multi-omics Nilaparvata lugens rice

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A justice and innovative way ahead of consumption-based emission accounting approach

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2999-3010页

作者： qun SHEN Hongbo duan Yun TANG Linbing TANG Li SHANG Xinyu DOU Wei WEI Weiqiang CHEN Zhu LIU State Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science &EngineeringShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of Economics & Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua Univesity

Carbon emission accounting is an important basis for global climate governance. Based on the consumption-based accounting(CBA) method, the characteristics of carbon flow between national, regional, and product processes could be more clearly reflected. Therefore, CBA is more conducive to clarifying the attribution of responsibilities between producers and consumers, with the principles of fairness and justice. By accounting for carbon emissions in typical countries from 1990 to 2019, we found that the CBA emissions are higher than the production-based accounting(PBA) emissions in major developed countries, while the results are reversed for developing countries. In the past 30 years, the CBA emissions in targeted developed countries generally have shown a downward trend, while in developing countries, they have shown an upward trend. CBA emissions in China have shown a continuous growth trend from 1990 to 2019, but the pace has slowed down significantly over the last decade. Meanwhile, the embodied carbon intensity of China's exports continues to decline, indicating that China is providing more green and low-carbon products to the world. Taking the PV industry as an example, this study further reveals the contribution of specific product industries to the country's carbon transfer through product carbon footprint analysis. In order to provide a scientific basis for global mitigation and climate governance, it is urgent to innovate a scientific, practical, and standardized CBA technology system.

关键词： Consumption-based accounting Production-based accounting Carbon transfer Carbon footprint

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Large-Area Gravure-Printed AgNWs Electrode on Water/Oxygen Barrier Substrate for Long-Term Stable Large-Area Flexible Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 478-484页

作者： Hao Wang Yaqin Pan Yunfei Han Zhuo Chen Tianyu Liu Lianping Zhang qun Luo chang-Qi Ma Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)SuzhouJiangsu215123 China Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China166 Ren Ai RoadSEID SIPSuzhouJiangsu215123 China

Large-area AgNWs electrodes(25 cm×10 cm)were fabricated through roll-to-roll printing on the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)modified water and oxygen barrier *** modification of the barrier film with PVA improved the wettability of silver nanowires on the barrier films and led to the formation of homogenous large-area AgNWs *** mechanical flexibility,especially the adhesion force between the silver electrode and the barrier film substrate was dramatically improved through PVA *** efficiency of 13.51%for the flexible OSCs with an area of 0.64 cm2 was achieved based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs *** long-term stability showed the flexible OSCs based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode have a significantly improved stability relative to the device on PET/AgNWs electrode,and comparable air stability as the rigid device with glass/ITO *** unencapsulated devices maintained nearly 50%of the original efficiency after storage for 600 h in *** a simple top encapsulation,the flexible devices remained at 60%of the initial efficiency after 2000 h in the ***,the flexible AgNWs electrode based on the barrier film would have the potential to improve the air storage stability of organic flexible solar cells.

关键词： Flexible organic solar cell AgNWs electrode Air storage stability Barrier films substrate Energy conversion Flexible electronics Interface

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Oxidation behavior of 4774DD1 Ni-based single-crystal superalloy at 980℃ in air

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 116-124页

作者： Yu Fang Ya-zhou Li Qiang Yang qun-gong He Xiu-fang Gong Qian duan Hai-yang Song Fu Wang Qiong-yuan Zhang Hong Zeng State Key Laboratory of Long-Life High Temperature Materials Dongfang Turbine Co.Ltd.Deyang 618000SichuanChina State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

The oxidation behavior of a novel Ni-based single-crystal 4774DD1 superalloy for industrial gas turbine applications was investigated by the isothermal oxidation at 980℃ and discontinuous oxidation weight gain *** phase constitution and morphology of surface oxides and the characteristics of the crosssection oxide film were analyzed by XRD,SEM and *** show that the oxidation kinetics of the 4774DD1 superalloy follows the cubic law,indicating its weak oxidation resistance at this *** the oxidation time increases,the composition of the oxide film evolves as following:One layer consisting of a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer after oxidized for 25 ***,two layers composed of an outermost small NiO discontinuous grain layer and an internal layer for 75 *** internal layer is consisted of the bottom Al_(2)O_(3)sublayer,an intermediate narrow CrTaO_(4)sublayer,and an upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture *** two layers comprising an outermost relative continuous NiO layer with large grain size and an internal layer as the oxidation time increases to 125 *** internal layer is composed of the upper(Al_(2)O_(3)+NiO)mixture sublayer,an intermediate continuous(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture sublayer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)***,three layers consisting of an outermost(NiAl2O_(4)+NiCr2O_(4))mixture layer,an intermediate(CrTaO_(4)+NiWO_(4))mixture layer,and a bottom Al_(2)O_(3)layer for 200 h.

关键词： nickel-base single crystal superalloy oxidation kinetics oxide film microstructure mechanism

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Efficient continuous synthesis of 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole in a millimeter scale photoreactor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 399-403页

作者： Zhixiang Li Zhirong Yang chang Yao Bin Wu Gang Qian Xuezhi duan Xinggui Zhou Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

2-Hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole are important chemicals with extensive applications in optoelectronic materials and pharmaceutical *** of the art yield of 2-hydroxycarbazole is~30%and the reaction time is typically in hours or ***,we developed a green route for the continuous and high-throughput synthesis of 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole via photochemical intramolecular cyclization of 3–hydroxy-2–chloro-diphenylamine using a self-designed millimeter scale photoreactor,which was designed based on sizing-up and numbering-up strategies for a decent liquid holdup(6.8 m L)and fabricated via femtosecond laser engraving *** photochemical synthesis was carried out continuously under the illumination of 365 nm UV-LED with dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and potassium t-butoxide as *** was found that under optimized conditions a 2-hydroxycarbazole yield of 31.6%and a 4-hydroxycarbazole yield of 11.1%were obtained with a residence time of 1 *** to semibatch operations,the reaction time was shortened by 1–2 orders of *** a result,a throughput of 11.3 g/day 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4.0 g/day 4-hydroxycarbazole can be achieved from the *** was proposed that the short reaction time and high product yield are resulted from higher photon transfer rates and more uniform photon distribution provided by the millimeter scale photoreactor,which enhances the reaction rates and mitigates overreaction.

关键词： Millimeter scale reactor 2-Hydroxycarbazole Photochemistry UV-LED Process intensification

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Comprehensive evaluation of an ionic liquid based deep purification process for NH_(3)-containing industrial gas

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 698-708页

作者： Guoxiong Zhan Fei Cao Jianjun Chen Zhen Chen Yuanmeng duan Fei chang Shaojuan Zeng Yinge Bai Zengxi Li Xiangping Zhang Junhua Li State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemical and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Ammonia(NH_(3))emission has caused serious environment issues and aroused worldwide *** emerging ionic liquid(IL)provides a greener way to efficiently capture NH_(3).This paper provides rigorous process simulation,optimization and assessment for a novel NH_(3)deep purification process using *** process was designed and investigated by simulation and optimization using ionic liquid[C_(4)im][NTF_(2)]as *** objective functions,total purification cost(TPC),total process CO_(2)emission(TPCOE)and thermal efficiency(ηeff)were employed to optimize the absorption *** simulation and optimization results indicate that at same purification standard and recovery rate,the novel process can achieve lower cost and CO_(2)emission compared to benchmark *** process optimization,the optimal functions can achieve 0.02726$/Nm~3(TPC),311.27 kg CO_(2)/hr(TP-COE),and 52.21%(ηeff)for enhanced ***,compared with conventional process,novel process could decrease over$3 million of purification cost and 10000 tons of CO_(2)emission during the life *** results provide a novel strategy and guidance for deep purification of NH_(3)capture.

关键词： NH_(3) Capture Process Ionic Liquid Process Simulation Process Optimization Deep purification

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