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In vitro investigation of the effect of dairy propionibacteria on rumen pH,lactic acid and volatile fatty acids

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第7期16卷 1566-1575页

作者： Jianbiao Luo chaminda senaka ranadheera Stuart King Craig Evans Surinder Baines School of Environmental&Life Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia Advanced Food Systems Research Unit College of Health and BiomedicineVictoria UniversityMelbourne VIC 3030Australia School of Health Sciences The University of NewcastleCallaghan NSW 2308Australia

Ruminal acidosis is a prevalent disorder in ruminants such as dairy cows and feedlot beef cattle, caused primarily by the inclusion of a high percentage of readily fermentable concentrates in the diet. The disorder presents as an accumulation of lactic acid, a decrease of pH in the rumen and a subsequent imbalance of the rumen fermentation process with detrimental impacts on the animal＇s health and productivity. Dairy propionibacteria, a group of bacteria characterised by utilization of lactic acid as the favoured carbon source, with propionic acid produced as a by-product, were evaluated in this study as potential direct-fed microbials for use in controlling ruminal acidosis. Acidosis was simulated by introduction of high concentrations of lactic acid into rumen fluid samples and a multi-strain in vitro analysis was conducted, whereby changes in pH and lactic acid metabolism were compared in identical acidified rumen samples, following inoculation with various propionibacteria. This was followed by a study to evaluate the effect of bacterial inoculation dosage on acid metabolism. The results indicated that lactic acid levels in the rumen fluid were significantly reduced, and propionic acid and acetic acid concentrations both significantly increased, following addition of propionibacteria. Significant ＇between strains＇ differences were observed, with Propionibacterium acidopropionici 341, Propionibacterium freudenreichfi CSCC 2207, Propionibacterium jensenfi NCFB 572 and P. jensenii 702 each producing more rapid reduction of lactic acid concentration than P. freudenreich# CSCC 2206, P. acidopropionici ATCC 25562 and Propionibacterium thoenii ATCC 4874. Furthermore, the efficacy of this application was dosage related, with the rates of reduction in lactic acid levels and production of propionic acid, both significantly greater for the higher （10^10 cfu mL-1） compared with lower （10^5 cfu mL-1） dosage inoculation. The results confirmed that the introduction of propion

关键词： probiotics ruminal acidosis lactic acid propionic acid dairy Propionibacterium

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Production of short chain fatty acids and vitamin B_(12) during the in-vitro digestion and fermentation of probiotic chocolate

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 688-699页

作者： Md Nur Hossain chaminda senaka ranadheera Zhongxiang Fang Said Ajlouni School of Agriculture & Food Faculty of Veterinary & Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia Institute of Food Science and Technology Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchDhaka1205Bangladesh

The prebiotic functions of chocolate to improve the function and health benefit of the chocolate when enriched with probiotics has not been fully *** study investigated the role of chocolates enriched with probiotics in the production of SCFAs and vitamin B_(12) during the in-vitro colonic *** probiotic bacteria were encapsulated using a mixture of cocoa powder(10%),FOS(2%)and Na-alginate(1%)before added to *** results revealed that encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium animalis *** BB12 produced significantly higher amounts(1876.5±105.16 and 1348.51±77.37 mmol,respectively)of acetic acid after 48h of colonic *** with encapsulated BB12,La5,Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis and Streptococcus thermophilus yielded higher amounts of propionic,isobutyric,butyric and isovaleric ***-chocolates with 70%cocoa produced significantly more acetic,propionic,and butyric acids than that of 45%***,Probiotic-chocolates with 45%cocoa produced greater amounts of vitamin B_(12) than 70%*** data demonstrate that probiotic-chocolate could be a functional snack with additional health benefits.

关键词： Chocolates Gastrointestinal digestion Colonic fermentation Gut microbiota Short chain fatty acids Vitamin B_(12)

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Effects of microfine aggregate in manufactured sand on bleeding and plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第11期16卷 1453-1473页

作者： Branavan ARULMOLY chaminda KONTHESINGHA Anura NANAYAKKARA Department of Civil Engineering University of Sri JayewardenepuraMount Lavinia 10370Sri Lanka Department of Civil Engineering University of MoratuwaMoratuwa 10400Sri Lanka

Construction industries have started to utilize manufactured sand(MS)as an effective alternative for river sand in ***-grade parent rocks are crushed to obtain MS,which also produces a considerable amount of microfine aggregate(MFA).The higher percentage of MFA could lead to both positive and negative effects on the performance of cement-based *** research was done to examine the influence of varying MFA levels,specifically 0%,3%,6%,9%,and 12%(by weight)as the partial replacements of MS on bleeding and plastic shrinkage cracking of *** addition to the varying MFA levels,some concrete mixes also included fly ash(FA)and superplasticizer to investigate the effect of free-water content in the *** bleeding test data were taken as on-site measurements,while the cracks from the plastic shrinkage cracking test were evaluated using an image processing *** results concluded that the MFA replacements and the effective water-to-cement ratio have a significant effect on the selected concrete *** the increasing replacement levels,cumulative bleeding and crack initiation life gradually decreased,while a progressive increase was observed for crack width,crack length,and crack area.

关键词： manufactured sand fresh concrete microfines admixtures shrinkage cracking

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Comparison of blood glucose responses by cane sugar(Saccharum offi cinarum)versus coconut jaggery(Cocos nucifera)in type 2 diabetes patients

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Journal of Future Foods 2022年第3期2卷 261-265页

作者： Hewa Pathiranage Dilani Thilanka Hewa Pathirana Isuru Wijesekara Loku Liyana Waduge Chandi Yalegama chaminda Garusinghe Madhura Arunoda Jayasinghe Kande Pramuditha Waidyarathne Coconut Processing Research Division Coconut Research InstituteLunuwila 61150Sri Lanka Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegoda 10250Sri Lanka Endocrinology Unit National HospitalColombo 01000Sri Lanka Plant Physiology Division Coconut Research InstituteLunuwila 61150Sri Lanka

Type 2 diabetic mellitus is a predominant metabolic disorder that has a direct impact on human *** scientific data are deficit,coconut jaggery has been suggested as a better alternative for cane sugar by some *** study was conducted to assess the credibility of this *** jaggery was prepared at Coconut Research Institute,Sri Lanka and nutritional composition of coconut jaggery was compared with cane sugar using standard *** higher(P23.0).The mean fasting blood glucose level and HbA1c of the subjects were(149.05±54.88)mg/dL and(9.170±2.022)%,*** was no significant difference(P>0.05)in peak blood glucose concentrations or incremental area under the curve in blood glucose response of two test ***,coconut jaggery cannot be considered as a healthy substitute for cane sugar in type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： Cane sugar Coconut jaggery Glycemic responses Type 2 diabetes

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斯里兰卡珊瑚礁管理的生态系统方法研究

斯里兰卡珊瑚礁管理的生态系统方法研究

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作者： M.M.chaminda Karunarathna 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

在斯里兰卡,基于生态系统的管理（EBM）已被认为是改善海洋保护区管理的重要概念。尽管海洋保护区已经被视为一种受欢迎的管理工具,然而越来越多的证据显示,许多海洋保护区并未实现其有效保护的管理目标。斯里兰卡的一些海洋保护区,如Hi... 详细信息

在斯里兰卡,基于生态系统的管理（EBM）已被认为是改善海洋保护区管理的重要概念。尽管海洋保护区已经被视为一种受欢迎的管理工具,然而越来越多的证据显示,许多海洋保护区并未实现其有效保护的管理目标。斯里兰卡的一些海洋保护区,如Hikkaduwa国家公园、Rumassala海洋保护区、BarReef海洋保护区、Pigeon Island国家公园等,大多存在问题,资源过渡开发和栖息地退化状况仍在继续。目前,海洋保护区的申报和管理是在没有充分考虑环境、社会经济、制度、法律因素或者可持续发展的情况下进行的,决策者更多关注制定新的法律和建立新的保护区,而不是确保现有法规的实施和现有保护区的管理。由于缺乏协调和严格执法,资源管理的成功案例很少。而且由于政治和经济因素,许多当地政客更倾向于从政治和经济角度去满足当地社会的需求,海洋保护区则未能吸引到必要的政府支持。为了防止斯里兰卡的海洋环境继续恶化,对海洋保护区的栖息地进行精心设计和有效管理是必要的。本文研究目标是从生态系统管理的层面出发,为说明保护斯里兰卡的珊瑚礁的重要性提供新思路,通过自上而下模式（top-down approach）评估现存的珊瑚礁保护系统,为珊瑚礁的保护和利用奠定基础,因此具有重要意义。本研究抽选沿海地区人群为样本,利用调查问卷来收集和获取所需信息。所有的255份问卷分布在五个沿海地区,针对从低等到高等教育的四个教育层次类别,突出影响斯里兰卡四个海洋保护区的109个因素,包括环境、社会经济、制度和法律四大类指标。本研究将分级方法应用于这四大类指标中,其中5级指示极差状态,需要紧急响应;4级指示差的状态,需要更多的努力;3级为中等状态,需要-些努力;2级为合理状态,需要较少的努力;1级则为良好状态,需要继续维持。调查结果显示,Rumassala、Unawatuna、Hikkaduwa,Kalpitiya 和Trincomalee 四个区域为 3.4、4.6、5、3.8 和 3.2 级,说明 Hikkaduwa 和Unawatuna两个区域的情况很差,Kalpitiya的情况也不太好,都迫切需要改善;虽然Rumassala和Trincomalee处于中等状态,但近年来也存在变差的趋势。因此,有必要进一步提高相关能力,让当地沿海民众了解关键问题所在。本研究也提出了一些EBM的效能评估的关键步骤,可帮助研究人员、管理者、决策者和利益团体对斯里卡珊瑚礁进行有效的管理。

关键词：基于生态系统的管理珊瑚礁海洋保护区栖息地恶化斯里兰卡

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Repeat OGTT at 34 - 36 Weeks to Detect the Late Occurrence of GDM: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study Conducted at the Professorial Unit, Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2020年第3期8卷 157-165页

作者： chaminda Kandauda W. M. M. P. B. Wanasinghe Consultant Obstetrician & Gynecologist Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology University of Peradeniya Kandy Sri Lanka Senior Registrar Obstetrics and Gynecology Institute of Medicine University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka

Aim: Evaluation of the occurrence of glucose intolerance after 34 - 36 weeks in pregnant mothers attending the Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya. Materials & Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out from October 2017 to March 2018 among 183 pregnant mothers attending antenatal clinic at Teaching Hospital Peradeniya. After informed consent a repeat Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was done among the pregnant mothers, at period of amenorrhoea of 34 - 36 weeks, whose initial OGTT values were normal. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed according to the NICE guideline cut off values and the percentage of late occurrence of Gestational diabetes (GDM) was analyzed. Results: Mean age of the population was 29.1 years and the age range in this group was 18 to 45 years and the majority (73.9%) of women were primipara. There were 3.3% of teenage pregnancies and 14% of mothers were over 35 years. Majority (59.7%) of mothers underwent repeat OGTT test at 34 weeks of gestation and the rest (40.3%) underwent test between 34 to 36 weeks of gestation. Although the mean BMI was 23.74, 9.7% of mothers were obese (>30 kg/m2), 30.3% of mothers were pre-obese (25.0 - 29.9 kg/m2). 8.2% of mothers were diagnosed with Gestational diabetes at 34 - 36 weeks whose initial OGTT values were normal. Conclusion: In view of reducing feto-maternal morbidity and mortality, considering a repeat OGTT at a later gestation (34 - 36 weeks of gestation) should be considered in mothers, whose initial OGTT values are normal as Sri Lanka is a high risk country for GDM. Clinical Significance: The study may play an important role in guideline alteration process and screening for gestational diabetes in Sri Lankan set-up.

关键词： Gestational Diabetes Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Sri Lanka Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity

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Prevalence, Aetiology, Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Term Mothers with Anaemia, Presenting to a Tertiary Care Unit for Confinement in Sri Lanka

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2020年第4期8卷 221-233页

作者： Iresh chaminda Kandauda Sachini Lakmini Manatunga Kalana Maduwage Pushpa Manel Rathnayake Sampath Tennakoon Chiran Thejana Gunathilake Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka

Objective: To describe the proportion of women presenting with undiagnosed anaemia at confinement and to explore associations between anaemia and socio economic factors, dietary pattern and compare maternal and neonatal outcome among term mothers with anaemia compared to non-anaemic pregnant women at a tertiary care centre in Sri Lanka. Method: A comparative cross-sectional study was performed by recruiting anaemic and non-anaemic term mothers who delivered at the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya during the period March 2018-March 2019. Pregnant mothers whose haemoglobin level was less than 10.5 g/dl were considered as anaemic and compared with the mothers whose haemoglobin level was above this level. With written consent, demographic data, etiological factors, maternal and neonatal outcomes of term mothers were evaluated by an interview and blood samples were withdrawn to carry out anaemia related investigations. Results: Among 2854 pregnancies, a total of 234 (8.19%) term pregnant mothers were anaemic and they were and compared with 199 non-anaemic mothers. Out of the anaemic mothers (Hb Conclusions: A moderate prevalence of anaemia among term pregnant women in Peradeniya, Sri Lanka was observed and was associated

关键词： Term Mothers Prevalence Anaemia Maternal Outcome Neonatal Outcome

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Behavior of Cantilever Slabs in a Blast Environment

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第11期6卷 1561-1570页

作者： chaminda Senarathna Bandara Ranjith Dissanayake Faculty of Engineering University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 22400 Sri Lanka

Behavior of structural elements under blast loading is different from that under usual loading conditions that are considered in conventional structural deigns. Cantilever slabs are more vulnerable than most other elements under blast loads because of their shape. Understanding the blast behavior of cantilever slabs is useful in strengthening them against blast loads. In this paper, blast loading design envelopes for cantilever slabs are proposed using which, the blast behavior of conventional cantilever slabs can be identified. The paper describes the theories behind these envelopes and the way they can be applied to improve conventional designs. These envelopes have been prepared using numerical techniques. The theories used are accepted, verified and validated theories. The paper shows the possibility of converting a conventional cantilever slab design into impulsive regime design with minor adjustments to the structural design. It points out the importance of increasing slab thickness and controlling steel/concrete ratio for strengthening conventional cantilever slab designs and the requirement of reinforcement at top and bottom fibers.

关键词：悬臂板行为爆炸荷载作用环境高炉荷载设计混凝土配合比结构元件

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A Novel Single-Step Growth Process for the Deposition of CH3NH3PbI3-xClx Perovskite Films from CH3NH3Cl and PbI2 Precursors

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2016年第5期6卷 233-242页

作者： chaminda Hettiarachchi Nicholas Valdes Pritish Mukherjee Sarath Witanachchi Laboratory for Advanced Materials Science & Technology (LAMSAT) Department of Physics University of South Florida Tampa Florida 33620 USA

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Hardness-Based Non-destructive Method for Developing Location Specific S-N Curves for Fatigue Life Evaluation

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第2期10卷 183-191页

作者： chaminda S. Bandara Sudath C. Siriwardane Udaya I. Dissanayake Ranjith Dissanayake Department of Civil Engineering University of Peradeniya Peradeniya 20400 Sri Lanka Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Material Science Faculty of Science and Technology University ofStavanger Stavanger N-4036 Norway

This paper first describes the importance of using location specific S-N curves for fatigue damage assessment of existing steel structures. It discusses the existing concepts and methods for developing S-N curves using empirical formulae and monotonic strength parameters, such as the ultimate tensile strength and hardness. It also discusses relationships among these monotonic parameters. Then it presents formulae for developing hardness-based full range S-N curves for medium strength steels. The formulae are verified using experimental data obtained from both monotonic and cyclic testing. Finally, it describes the advantages of these hardness-based formulae for developing location specific S-N curves as hardness testing is a non-destructive test which can be carried out on specific locations in structures.

关键词： S-N曲线硬度测试结构疲劳非破坏性方法位置寿命评估经验公式非破坏性试验

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