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Oral microbiome: a doubtful predictor butpotential target of cardiovascular diseases

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Medical Review 2023年第3期3卷 209-213页

作者： chak kwong cheng Yu Huang Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueHong Kong SAR 999077China

Our oral cavity houses various types of microbesincluding bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, harboringover 700 bacterial species. Oral dysbiosis refers to theimbalance between symbionts and pathobionts in the oralcavity, posing potential threats to host cardiovascularhealth. Importantly, oral dysbiosis promotes cardiovascular pathophysiology through different *** overgrowth of certain pathogenic bacteria havebeen indicated in some cardiometabolic diseases, it is stillpremature to consider oral microbiome as a suitable predictor for non-invasive diagnostic purpose. However, targeting oral microbiome might still provide preventive andtherapeutic insights on cardiovascular diseases. Furtherextensive efforts are needed to deepen our understandingon oral-cardiovascular connection in the context of diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives.

关键词： cardiovascular diseases dysbiosis immune response inflammation oral microbiome periodontitis

Quantification of non-coding RNA target localization diversity and its application in cancers

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第2期10卷 130-138页

作者： Lixin cheng kwong-Sak Leung Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong SAR China

SubceUular localization is pivotal for RNAs and proteins to implement biological functions. The localization diversity of protein interactions has been studied as a crucial feature of proteins, considering that the protein-protein interactions take place in vari- ous subceltutar locations. Nevertheless, the localization diversity of non-coding RNA （ncRNA） target proteins has not been sys- tematically studied, especially its characteristics in cancers. In this study, we provide a new algorithm, non-coding RNA target localization coefficient （ncTALENT）, to quantify the target localization diversity of ncRNAs based on the ncRNA-protein interaction and protein subcellular localization data. ncTALENT can be used to calculate the target localization coefficient of ncRNAs and measure how diversely their targets are distributed among the subcellular locations in various scenarios. We focus our study on long non-coding RNAs （IncRNAs）, and our observations reveal that the target localization diversity is a primary characteristic of IncRNAs in different biotypes. Moreover, we found that IncRNAs in multiple cancers, differentially expressed cancer IncRNAs, and IncRNAs with multiple cancer target proteins are prone to have high target localization diversity. Furthermore, the analysis of gastric cancer helps us to obtain a better understanding that the target localization diversity of IncRNAs is an important feature closely related to clinical prognosis. Overall, we systematically studied the target localization diversity of the IncRNAs and uncovered its association with cancer.

关键词： long non-coding RNAs RNA-protein interactions target localization diversity subcellular localization gastric cancer

A PREDICT-CORRECT NUMERICAL INTEGRATION SCHEME FOR SOLVING NONLINEAR DYNAMIC EQUATIONS

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2006年第4期19卷 289-296页

作者： Fan Jianping Huang Tao Tang chak-yin Wang cheng Institute of Engineering Calculation ＆ Simulation Huazhong University of Science ＆ Technology Wuhan 430074 China Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

A new numerical integration scheme incorporating a predict-correct algorithm for solving the nonlinear dynamic systems was proposed in this paper. A nonlinear dynamic system governed by the equation v = F（v, t） was transformed into the form as v = Hv ＋ f（v, t）. The nonlinear part f（v, t） was then expanded by Taylor series and only the first-order term retained in the polynomial. Utilizing the theory of linear differential equation and the precise time-integration method, an exact solution for linearizing equation was obtained. In order to find the solution of the original system, a third-order interpolation polynomial of v was used and an equivalent nonlinear ordinary differential equation was regenerated. With a predicted solution as an initial value and an iteration scheme, a corrected result was achieved. Since the error caused by linearization could be eliminated in the correction process, the accuracy of calculation was improved greatly. Three engineering scenarios were used to assess the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method and the results were satisfactory.

关键词： nonlinear dynamics direct integration method internal resonance saturation phenomenon jumping phenomenon bifurcation

CNT toughened aluminium and CFRP interface for strong adhesive bonding

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Nano Materials Science 2022年第3期4卷 266-275页

作者： Gang Han Bo Tan Fei cheng Binhua Wang Yee-kwong Leong Xiaozhi Hu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia Department of Chemical Engineering University of Western AustraliaPerthWA6009Australia Shaoxing Baojing Composite Materials Co. LtdShaoxing312073PR China School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang621000PR China Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment MOEChang'an University Xi'an710064PR China

This study presents a simple technique for strengthening the adhesive-bond strength between aluminium(Al)substrate and carbon fibre reinforced polymer(CFRP) utilising resin pre-coating(RPC) with carbon nanotubes(CNTs). The CNT-containing RPC solution with 90 wt% acetone and 10 wt% resin(without hardener) was applied onto Al substrates, where micro-/nano-vertical channels had been created by chemical or mechanical surface treatments to accommodate CNTs. RPC was able to fill all micro-/nano-cavities over the Al substrate surface, then CNTs were pulled into those vertical micro-channels by the capillary action generated from acetone *** epoxy adhesive(resin + hardener) was applied after the CNT-containing RPC treatment. CNTs bridging across the interface between the adhesive joint and Al substrate and sealing of micro-/nano-cavities by RPC effectively enhanced the interfacial shear bond strength between the Al substrate and CFRP by 30–100%depending on the Al substrate surface profiles. Al substrates with two different chemical treatments were compared in this study for the effectiveness of CNT interfacial reinforcement. Results from a steel substrate after sandblasting were also included for comparison.

关键词： Shear bond strength Interfacial toughening CNT Resin pre-coating(RPC) Chemical surface treatment Aluminium/CFRP Laminate

A Detailed Study on the Equal Arrival Time Surface Effect in Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2007年第3期7卷 397-404页

作者： Yong-Feng Huang Ye Lu Anna Yuen Lam Wong kwong Sang cheng Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 Department of Physics The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012

Due to the relativistic motion of gamma-ray burst remnant and its deceleration in the circumburst medium, the equal arrival time surfaces at any moment are not spherical, rather, they are distorted ellipsoids. This will leave some imprints in the afterglows. We study the effect of equal arrival time surfaces numerically for various circumstances, i.e., isotropic fireballs, collimated jets, density jumps and energy injection events. For each case, a direct comparison is made between including and not including the effect. For isotropic fireballs and jets viewed on axis, the effect slightly hardens the spectra and postpones the peak time of the afterglows, but does not change the shapes of the spectra and light curves significantly. In the cases of a density jump or an energy injection, the effect smears out the variations in the afterglows markedly.

关键词： gamma rays bursts -- relativity -- shock waves -- ISM clouds

Passively Q-switched and femtosecond modelocked erbium-doped fiber laser based on a 2D palladium disulfide(PdS2) saturable absorber

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Photonics Research 2020年第4期8卷 511-518页

作者： PING kwong cheng CHUN YIN TANG XIN YU WANG LONG-HUI ZENG YUEN HONG TSANG Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Center The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HornKowloonHong KongChina

Stable Q-switched and mode-locked erbium-doped fiber lasers(EDFLs)are first demonstrated by using the novel layered palladium disulfide(PdS2),a new member of group 10 transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)-based saturable absorbers(SAs).Self-started Q-switched operation at 1567 nm was achieved with a threshold pump power of 50.6 *** modulation ranges of pulse duration and repetition rate were characterized as 12.6-4.5μs and 17.2-26.0 kHz,***,a mode-locked EDFL was also obtained with a pump power threshold of 106.4 *** achieved pulse duration is 803 fs,corresponding to a center wavelength of 1565.8 nm and4.48 nm 3 dB *** the best of our knowledge,the achieved pulse duration of the mode-locked EDFL in this work is the narrowest compared with all other group 10 TMD SA-based lasers.

关键词： Passively Q-switched femtosecond modelocked erbium-doped fiber laser a 2D palladium disulfide

Racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and survival in California, 1988-2012

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8584-8595页

作者： Susan L Stewart Sandy L kwong Christopher L Bowlus Tung T Nguyen Annette E Maxwell Roshan Bastani Eric W chak Moon S Chen Jr Division of Biostatistics Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States California Department of Public Health Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Tung Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Division of General Internal Medicine University of California San Francisco CA 94101 United States UCLA Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Equity Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California Los Angeles CA 90095 United States Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of MedicineSacramento CA 95817 United States Cancer Control/Cancer Health Disparities University of CaliforniaDavis Comprehensive Cancer CenterSacramento CA 95817 United States

AIM To describe racial/ethnic differences in treatment and survival among liver cancer patients in a populationbased cancer *** Invasive cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, n = 33270, diagnosed between January 1, 1988-December 31, 2012 and reported to the California Cancer Registry were analyzed by race/ethnicity, age, gender, geographical region, socio-economic status, time period of diagnosis, stage, surgical treatment, and survival. Patients were classified into 15 racial/ethnic groups: non-Hispanic White(White, n = 12710), Hispanic(n = 8500), Chinese(n = 2723), non-Hispanic Black(Black, n = 2609), Vietnamese(n = 2063), Filipino(n = 1479), Korean(n = 1099), Japanese(n = 658), American Indian/Alaskan Native(AIAN, n = 281), Laotian/Hmong (n = 244), Cambodian(n = 233), South Asian(n = 190), Hawai`ian/Pacific Islander(n = 172), Thai(n = 95), and Other Asian(n = 214). The main outcome measures were receipt of surgical treatment, and cause-specific and all-cause *** After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, time period, and stage of disease, compared to Whites, Laotian/Hmong [odds ratio(OR) = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.17-0.53], Cambodian(OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.45-0.96), AIAN(OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.46-0.93), Black(OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.86), and Hispanic(OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.72-0.84) patients were less likely, whereas Chinese(OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.42-1.77), Koreans(OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.24-1.70), Japanese(OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.15-1.72), and Vietnamese(OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.12-1.42) were more likely to receive surgical treatment. After adjustment for the same covariates and treatment, cause-specific mortality was higher for Laotian/Hmong [(hazard ratio(HR) = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.29-1.73)], Cambodians(HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.16-1.58), and Blacks(HR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01-1.13), and lower for Chinese(HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.77-0.86), Filipinos(HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.78-0.90), Vietnamese(HR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.80-0.90), Koreans(HR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.83-0.97), and Hispanics(H

关键词： Disparities Treatment Survival Liver cancer Hepatocellular carcinoma

Solitary seminal vesicle metastasis from ileal adenocarcinoma presenting with hematospermia:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6775-6780页

作者： Xiao-Bao cheng Zhen-Quan Lu Wayne Lam Ming-kwong Yiu Ji-Shi Li Department of Surgery The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Oncology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518053Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Although metastatic adenocarcinoma of the ileum is not uncommon,solitary metastasis to the seminal vesicle has not been *** report a patient with recurrent hematospermia diagnosed with metastasis to the seminal vesicle following ileal adenocarcinoma resection,his subsequent management and *** SUMMARY A 46-year-old man presented with recurrent episodes of painless *** was not associated with any lower urinary tract *** had a past medical history of ileal tumor at the terminal ileum with solitary mesenteric lymph node metastasis on presentation,and underwent partial ileectomy and lymphadenectomy 4 years *** investigations included positronemission tomography and computed tomography imaging confirmed the very unusual diagnosis of a solitary tumor at the left seminal *** leftsided vesiculectomy was carried *** analysis with immunohistochemistry showed that CDX-2 was positive and CK7 was negative,and the appearance was consistent with the diagnosis of recurrent metastatic adenocarcinoma of his previously treated intestine *** patient had an uneventful post-operative *** received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy following *** remained asymptomatic until he developed multiple bone and pulmonary metastases one year after *** Clinicians should be aware of hematospermia as the first symptom of metastatic recurrence in patients with a history of ileal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Seminal vesicle Metastasis Ileal adenocarcinoma Hematospermia Laparoscopic vesiculectomy Case report

Novel insights into the pathophysiology of varicocele and its association with reactive oxygen species and sperm DNA fragmentation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 186-193,J0003页

作者： chak-Lam Cho Sandro C Esteves Ashok Agarwal Division of Urology Department of Surgery Kwong Wah Hospital 25 Waterloo Road Yau Ma Tei Hong Kong ANDROFERT Center for Male Reproduction Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado 1464 campinas SP 13075-460 Brazil American Center for Reproductive Medicine 10681 Carnegie Avenue X-11 Cleveland OH 44195 USA.

Varicocele has been associated with reduced male reproductive potential. With the advances in biomolecular techniques, it has been possible to better understand the mechanisms involved in testicular damage provoked by varicocele. Current evidence suggests the central role of reactive oxygen species （ROS） and the resultant oxidative stress （OS） in the pathogenesis of varicocele-associated male subfertility although the mechanisms have not yet been fully described and it is likely to be multifactorial. Excessive ROS is associated with sperm DNA fragmentation, which may mediate the clinical manifestation of poor sperm function and fertilization outcome related to varicocele. Testing of ROS/OS and DNA fragmentation has the potential to provide additional diagnostic and prognostic information compared to conventional semen analysis and may guide therapeutic management strategies in individual patient.

关键词： antioxidants infertility male reproduction oxidative stress sperm DNA damage sperm DNA fragmentation varicocele varicocelectomy