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Lack of evidence of active lytic replication of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

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Chinese Medical Journal 1998年第7期000卷 84-89页

作者： lau chak sing, Yuen Yung, Chan Hung and Wong Raymond Woon sing Division of Rheumatology The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital Hong Kong China

Objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial disease. Environmental factors such as viral infection(s) have been proposed as pathaetiological factors. There are particular interests in studying lymphotropic viruses such as the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Although previous case reports and in vitro studies suggested that they may have a role, there is no direct evidence that onset of SLE or disease exacerbation is associated with active infection by these viruses. Using the very sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, we tried to find out evidence of active replication of these viruses in patients with SLE. Methods Thirty-four patients with SLE were compared with matched normal controls. Eleven patients were newly diagnosed to have SLE and 18 of the 34 patients had active disease as determined by a SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score of ≥10 at the time of study. Results Our results showed no evidence of active replication or reactivation of EBV in the leucocytes amongst the newly diagnosed SLE patients, established SLE patients, patients with SLEDAI ≥10, patients with SLEDAI <10, and control subjects. There was no evidence of CMV infection in any of the subjects studied. The IgG and IgA responses against EBV early antigen (EA) and viral capsid antigen (VCA) were also studied. The IgG and IgA responses against VCA of EBV were increased in patients with SLE when compared with controls. However, there were no differences in these responses among different subgroups of patients. The mechanism of these responses was not apparent but may represent non-specific hyperimmune responses in these patients. There were no differences in the titre of IgG and IgA against EBV EA between the patient groups and *** There is no direct evidence that either EBV or CMV plays a direct role in the onset and/or exacerbation of SLE.

关键词： Lack of evidence of active lytic replication of Epstein-Barr and cytomegaloviruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

2021皮肤红斑狼疮的诊断、治疗和长期管理指南

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中国合理用药探索 2022年第10期19卷 27-40页

作者： Qianjin Lu Hai Long Steven Chow Syarief Hidayat Retno Danarti Yulianto Listiawan Danqi Deng Qing Guo Hong Fang Juan Tao Ming Zhao Leihong Xiang Nan Che Fen Li Hongjun Zhao chak sing lau Fong Cheng Ip King Man Ho Arnelfa C.Paliza Chan Vicheth Kiran Godse Soyun Cho Chew Swee Seow Yoshiki Miyachi Tran Hau Khang Rataporn Ungpakorn Hassan Galadari Rashmikant Shah Kehu Yang Youwen Zhou Carlo Selmi Amr HSawalha Xuan Zhang Yaolong Chen Chrang-Shi Lin 姚文鑫不详首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院药学部北京100038

皮肤红斑狼疮(CLE)是一种炎症性自身免疫性疾病,其分型较多,包括急性、亚急性、慢性和间歇性CLE。其中,慢性CLE可以进一步分为红斑狼疮(LE)的几个亚型,如盘状LE、疣状LE、深在性LE、冻疮样LE和Blaschko线状LE等。为了给皮肤科医生和风... 详细信息

皮肤红斑狼疮(CLE)是一种炎症性自身免疫性疾病,其分型较多,包括急性、亚急性、慢性和间歇性CLE。其中,慢性CLE可以进一步分为红斑狼疮(LE)的几个亚型,如盘状LE、疣状LE、深在性LE、冻疮样LE和Blaschko线状LE等。为了给皮肤科医生和风湿科医生提供CLE的诊断、治疗和长期管理的实用指导建议,本证据和共识指南根据卫生保健实践指南的报告条目(国际RIGHT工作组)目录编制,并在国际实践指南注册平台注册。在亚洲皮肤科学会(ADA)、亚洲皮肤病性病学会(AADV)以及中华医学会皮肤性病学分会(CSD)红斑狼疮研究中心的共同努力下,来自亚洲、美洲、欧洲等16个国家或地区的25名皮肤科医生、7名风湿科医生、1名红斑狼疮领域专家和2名方法学家参与了本指南的制定。所有建议均取得了32名医生中至少80%的同意。作为共识,CLE的诊断主要基于临床和组织病理学表现的评估,并且通过对全身多系统损伤的评估,排除系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)。外用糖皮质激素和钙调磷酸酶抑制剂是局部CLE的一线治疗。对于泛发或严重的CLE皮损和/或局部耐药的病例,可以合并全身治疗,包括抗疟药和/或短期全身使用糖皮质激素。值得注意的是,抗疟药是所有类型CLE的一线全身治疗药物,同样可用于妊娠期患者和儿童。二线治疗用药包括沙利度胺、类维生素A类药物、氨苯砜和甲氨蝶呤,而霉酚酸酯是三线治疗用药。最后,脉冲染料激光或手术可作为四线治疗,用于局部以及发生在不可修饰部位的慢性、难治性CLE皮损。贝利尤单抗亦可作为四线治疗用药,用于活动性SLE患者的泛发性CLE皮损或糖皮质激素逐渐减量期间复发的急性CLE。对于疾病的管理,患者教育和长期随访是必要的。建议在每次随访时适当评估疾病活动度、皮肤和其他器官损伤、生活质量、合并症及可能发生的不良事件。

关键词：红斑狼疮共识循证妊娠期儿童脉冲染料激光

Reporting guidelines of Chinese medicine:Current situation and future development

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022年第3期9卷 209-216页

作者： Xuan Zhang Wai chak Andrew Chung Chung Tai lau Nana Wang Chinese EQUATOR Centre Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences University of PaviaLombardy27100Italy

Objective:Reporting research is as important a part of a study as its design or *** guidelines(RGs)provide structured advice on how to report research studies clearly and *** study aimed to review the development of RGs of Chinese medicine(CM)and to provide recommen-dations for ***:Through a systematic search of the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research(EQUATOR)Network and electronic databases up to January 1,2022,we identified a total of 15 RGs of CM,and further summarized their characteristics and *** addition,we reviewed the development of international RGs and analyzed its impact for ***:Compared with the generic RGs,the reporting standards of CM have been rapidly developed over the last 10 years,of which 57%were issued in recent 3 years(2019-2021).Currently,the system of RGs of CM has been established,especially for clinical trials,including various CM interventions and covering the guidelines from trial registration,protocol,results publication to the evidence synthesis and clinical practice ***,the application of RGs of CM is ***:It is necessary to take further measures to promote practical application,improve journals’endorsement,and establish quality monitoring procedures for RGs of CM in the future.

关键词： Chinese medicine Clinical research CONSORT CONSORT for CHM formula EQUATOR network Endorsement of journals Reporting guidelines Reporting quality

Low-efficiency-droop InGaN quantum dot light-emitting diodes operating in the “green gap”

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Photonics Research 2020年第5期8卷 750-754页

作者： CHUNYU ZHAO chak WAH TANG BILLY LAI GUANGHUI CHENG JIANNONG WANG KEI MAY lau Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Physics Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Gallium nitride(Ga N)-based light-emitting diodes(LEDs)are important for lighting and display *** this paper,we demonstrate green-emission(512 nm)In Ga N quantum dot(QD)LEDs grown on a c-plane sapphire substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition.A radiative lifetime of 707 ps for the uniform In Ga N self-assembled QDs is obtained by time-resolved photoluminescence measurement at 18 *** screening of the built-in fields in the QDs effectively improves the performance of QD *** high quantum efficiency and high temperature stability green QD LEDs are able to operate with negligible efficiency droop and with current density up to 106 A∕cm^*** results show that In Ga N QDs may be a viable option as the active medium for stable LEDs.

关键词： diodes sapphire quantum

Portal venous gas and thrombosis in a Chinese patient with fulminant Crohn’s colitis: A case report with literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5582-5586页

作者： Simon Siu-Man Ng Raymond Ying-Chang Yiu Janet Fung-Yee Lee Jimmy chak-Man Li Ka-lau Leung Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin Hong Kong SAR China

Ever since its earliest reports, portal venous gas (PVG) has been associated with numerous intraabdominal catastrophes and has served as an indication for urgent surgical exploration. It is traditionally regarded to be an ominous finding of impending death, with highest mortality reported in patients with underlying bowel ischemia. Today, computed tomography has demonstrated a wider range of clinical conditions associated with PVG, some of which are ‘benign’ and do not necessarily require surgery, unless when there are signs of intraabdominal catastrophe or systemic toxicity. One of these ‘benign’ conditions is Crohn’s disease. The present report describes a 19-year-old Chinese boy with Crohn’s pancolitis who presented with septic shock associated with PVG and portal vein thrombosis, and was successfully managed surgically. To our knowledge, this is the fi rst report of PVG and portal vein thrombosis associated with Crohn’s disease in a Chinese patient. In addition, we have also reviewed the reports of another 18 Crohn’s patients with PVG previously described in the English literature. Specifi c predisposing factors for PVG were identified in 8 patients, including barium enema, colonoscopy, blunt abdominal trauma, and enterovenous f istula. The patients who developed PVG following barium enema and blunt trauma were all asymptomatic and no specifi c treatment was necessary. Eleven patients (58%) who presented with signs of intraabdominal catastrophe or systemic toxicity required either immediate or eventual surgery. The overall mortality rate among the 19 patients was only 11%. The present literature review has shown that the f inding of PVG associated with Crohn’ s disease does not always mandate surgical intervention. It is the clinical features and the related complications that ultimately determine the treatment approaches. The overall outcome of PVG associated with Crohn’s disease has been favourable.

关键词： Portal venous gas Portal vein thrombosis Pylephlebitis Crohn's disease Chinese

医学专科学院的培训功能对医学界和公众的影响

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中国毕业后医学教育 2017年第1期1卷 66-70页

作者：刘泽星李国栋香港医学专科学院

香港医学专科学院(医专)负责监察及评核香港的医学专科训练,并颁授院士资格,同时也负责提供继续医学教育。本研究引用医专作为例子,介绍医专的成立过程、所担当的独特法定角色、培训功能、院士资格在本地和海外的认可性、使命和工作,从... 详细信息

香港医学专科学院(医专)负责监察及评核香港的医学专科训练,并颁授院士资格,同时也负责提供继续医学教育。本研究引用医专作为例子,介绍医专的成立过程、所担当的独特法定角色、培训功能、院士资格在本地和海外的认可性、使命和工作,从而阐述医学专科学院对于培训和维持医师执业水平的重要性,以及通过专科培训改善当地医疗服务的质量,为公众带来裨益。中国正推进专科培训方面的发展,已经正式启动住院医师培训及为落实《关于开展专科医师规范化培训制度试点的指导意见》开始着手工作。制定全面培训系统,落实严格制度才能有效加强和保证医师队伍的素质,提升医疗服务的水平。医专作为中国的一个重要范例,首先,香港特别行政区为中国的一部分,有着共同的文化;其次,医专及分科学院具备规范化培训的相关经验,而且与国外著名学院关系密切,培训水平与国际标准接轨。因此,如果内地落实设立跟医专的架构和功能相似的培训机构,对推动专科医师培训的工作有非常大的帮助。本研究所论述的要点能为相关部门和机构在制定专科培训制度和实践提供具体参考。

关键词：毕业后医学教育继续医学教育医学专科评核学院

Ultrafine Particles(UFP) at Suburban and Roadside Sites and Their Relationships with Primary and Secondary Pollutants

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Ultrafine Particles(UFP) at Suburban and Roadside Sites and ...

How to secure the connection between thoracostomy tube and drainage system?

第十三届全国气溶胶会议

作者： Jacky W.C.CHOI MANDy M.L.HE Nga Ting lau chak K.CHAN Yongjie LI Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macau Division of Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

Ultrafine(80% at the roadside site, implying a large contribution of primary emissions to UFP at the roadside *** of markers for both primary emission and secondary formation were used to evaluate against UFP number *** markers for primary emission are NO concentration, BTEX concentration, and primary organic aerosol(POA) mass concentration, while the markers for secondary formation are O concentration, benzene/toluene ratio, and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) mass *** show that UFP at the roadside site had a much stronger association with primary markers, while the association at suburban site was much *** association with secondary markers were less pronounced at both *** observations suggest that primary emission is still the dominating source of UFP in urban areas, thus there is a large room to mitigate UFP as a health threat with control on primary sources.

关键词： ultrafine particles(UFP) primary and secondary suburban and roadside

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2014年第4期5卷 259-263页

作者： Ka Ki Pat Li Kit Shing John Wong Yau Hang Henry Wong Ka Lok Cheng Fung Ling So Chu Leung lau chak Wah Kam Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine Pok Oi Hospital Department of Accident and Emergency Medicine Tuen Mun Hospital Clinical Skills Training Centre Tuen Mun Hospital

BACKGROUND: Thoracostomy tube insertion is one of the common bedside procedures in emergency medicine and many acute specialties. Dislodgement of thoracostomy tube from the connection tube of chest drainage system is an important problem with potential complications such as contamination, infection and pneumothorax. Besides, mere loosening can also lead to malfunction. It is a common practice to tape the connection of the system. This study aimed to evaluate the materials and methods of connection of chest drain system to minimize drainage dislodgement. METHODS: We conducted an experimental study to assess the tightness of the connection with various taping materials and methods. We selected three commonly used adhesive materials(3M^(tm) Transpore^(tm) Medical tape, 3M^(tm) Micropore^(tm) Medical tape, 3M^(tm) Soft Cloth Tape on Liner) and three different methods(cross method, straight method, nylon band) to secure the junction between the thoracostomy tube and the bi-conical adaptor in the drainage system. The measured outcome was the weight causing visible loosening of the junction between thoracotomy tube and the ***: For each taping material and taping method, 10 trials were performed. The median weight required to disconnect the junction is 26.22 lb for Transpore^(tm), 31.29 lb for Micropore^(tm) and 32.44 lb for Soft Cloth Tape on Liner. A smaller force was required to disconnect if Transpore^(tm) is used(P<0.001). There was no statistical signifi cant difference between Micropore^(tm) and Soft Cloth Tape on Liner(P=0.98). The median disconnecting force is 32.44 lb for straight taping method, 40.55 lb for cross taping method and 21.15 lb for plastic band. The cross-taping method was the more secure method(P<0.0001 when compared with plastic band)(P=0.033 when compared with straight method).CONCLUSION: Cross-taping is the most secure method among the tested varieties in connecting the thoracostomy tube to the chest drainage system. Transpore^(tm) is

关键词： Thoracostomy tube Drainage system Cross-taping

Phenylketonuria in Hong Kong Chinese： a call for hyperphenylalaninemia newborn screening in the Special Administrative Region, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第16期000卷 2556-2558页

作者： Chloe Miu Mak Chun-hung Ko Ching-wan Lam Wai-ling lau Wai-kwan Siu Sammy Pak-lam Chen Chun-yiu Law Chi-kong Lai chak-man Yu Albert Yan-wo Chan Kowloon West Cluster Laboratory Genetic Service ChemicalPathology Laboratory Department of Pathology Princess MargaretHospital Hong Kong China Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine CaritasMedical Centre Hong Kong China Department of Pathology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine TheUniversity of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Hyperphenylalaninemia is one of the commonest inborn errors of metabolism affecting approximately 1 in 15 000 live births. Among Chinese, BH4 deficiency leading to hyperphenylalaninemia is much commoner than in Caucasians. Exact diagnosis is important for the treatment and genetic counseling. In 2000, newborn screening for phenylketonuria is mandatory by law in China throughout the whole country. However, it is not yet included in the newborn screening program of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. Published data on hyperphenylalaninemia among Hong Kong Chinese are largely lacking. We report a 1-year-old Hong Kong Chinese girl with severe 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase （PTPS） deficiency. The patient presented with infantile hypotonia and was misdiagnosed as cerebral palsy. She had very mild hyperphenylalaninemia （95 IJmol/L）, significantly high phenylalnine-to-tyrosine ratio （3.1）, and ele~,ated prolactin of 1109 m lU/L. Genetic analysis confirmed a homozygous known disease-causing mutation PTS NM_000317.1： c.259C〉T; NP_000308.1： p.P87S in the proband. In our local experience, while the estimated prevalence of hyperphenylalaninemia due to PTPS deficiency was reported to be 1 in 29 542 live births, not a single case of phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency has been reported. Furthermore, there is a general lack of awareness of inherited metabolic diseases in the community as well as among the medical professionals. Very often, a low index of clinical suspicion will lead to delay in diagnosis, multiple unnecessary and costly investigations, prolonged morbidity and anxiety to the family affected. We strongly recommend that expanded newborn screening for hyperphenylalaninemia should be implemented for every baby born in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.

关键词： Hong Kong Chinese hyperphenylalaninemia newborn screening phenylketonuria 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase deficiency