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Does country risk impact the banking sectors’non‑performing loans?Evidence from BRICS emerging economies

Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 2477-2506页

作者： chafic saliba Panteha Farmanesh Seyed Alireza Athari Department of Business Girne American UniversityKyreniaNorthern CyprusTurkey Department of Business Administration Faculty of Economics and Administrative SciencesCyprus International UniversityNicosiaNorthern CyprusTurkey Department of Business Holy Spirit University of KaslikKaslikLebanon

This study aims to fill the gap in the literature by specifically investigating the impact of country risk on the credit risk of the banking sectors operating in Brazil,Russia,India,China,and South Africa(BRICS),emerging countries.More specifically,we explore whether the country-specific risks,namely financial,economic,and political risks significantly impact the BRICS banking sectors’non-performing loans and also probe which risk has the most outstanding effect on credit risk.To do so,we perform panel data analysis using the quantile estimation approach covering the period 2004–2020.The empirical results reveal that the country risk significantly leads to increasing the banking sector’s credit risk and this effect is prominent in the banking sector of countries with a higher degree of non-performing loans(Q.25=−0.105,Q.50=−0.131,Q.75=−0.153,Q.95=−0.175).Furthermore,the results underscore that an emerging country’s political,economic,and financial instabilities are strongly associated with increasing the banking sector’s credit risk and a rise in political risk in particular has the most positive prominent impact on the banking sector of countries with a higher degree of non-performing loans(Q.25=−0.122,Q.50=−0.141,Q.75=−0.163,Q.95=−0.172).Moreover,the results suggest that,in addition to the banking sectorspecific determinants,credit risk is significantly impacted by the financial market development,lending interest rate,and global risk.The results are robust and have significant policy suggestions for many policymakers,bank executives,researchers,and analysts.

关键词： Credit risk Country risk BRICS Emerging markets Banking sector Political risk Quantile regression

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Regulating depletion region enables highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Chun-Yun Wang Michael saliba 1IEK5-Photovoltaics Forschungszentrum Jülich Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv) University of Stuttgart

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have made impressive strides in recent years with the power conversion efficiency(PCE)now exceeding 26% [1], which is comparable to established technologies such as silicon. However, the ion migration in perovskites causes undesirable hysteresis and degradation.This affects the long-term operational stability of PSCs,hampering a possible industrialization.

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Outpatient insulin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute respiratory distress syndrome outcomes:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 2966-2975页

作者： Georges Khattar Samer Asmar Laurence Aoun Fares saliba Shaza Almardini Saif Abu Baker Catherine Hong Carolla El Chamieh Fadi Haddadin Toni Habib Omar Mourad Zeina Morcos Fatema Arafa Jonathan Mina Khalil El Gharib Mohammad Aldalahmeh Salman Khan Elie Bou Sanayeh Department of Medicine Holy Spirit University of KaslikJounieh 00000Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10305United States Public Heath and Biostatistics Independent ResearchBeirut 0000Lebanon Department of Medicine Lebanese UniversityBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine University of BalamandBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine Lebanese American UniversityBeirut 00000Lebanon Department of Medicine Northwell Health Staten Island University HospitalNew YorkNY 10305United States

BACKGROUND The impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)on acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is debatable.T2DM was suspected to reduce the risk and complications of ARDS.However,during coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),T2DM predisposed patients to ARDS,especially those who were on insulin at home.AIMTo evaluate the impact of outpatient insulin use in T2DM patients on non-COVID-19 ARDS outcomes.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.Adult patients diagnosed with ARDS were stratified into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus(DM)(IDDM)and non-insulindependent DM(NIDDM)groups.After applying exclusion criteria and matching over 20 variables,we compared cohorts for mortality,duration of mechanical ventilation,incidence of acute kidney injury(AKI),length of stay(LOS),hospitalization costs,and other clinical outcomes.RESULTS Following 1:1 propensity score matching,the analysis included 274 patients in each group.Notably,no statistically significant differences emerged between the IDDM and NIDDM groups in terms of mortality rates(32.8%vs 31.0%,P=0.520),median hospital LOS(10 d,P=0.537),requirement for mechanical ventilation,incidence rates of sepsis,pneumonia or AKI,median total hospitalization costs,or patient disposition upon discharge.CONCLUSION Compared to alternative anti-diabetic medications,outpatient insulin treatment does not appear to exert an independent influence on in-hospital morbidity or mortality in diabetic patients with non-COVID-19 ARDS.

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Type 2 diabetes mellitus Insulin Length of stay Mortality Endotracheal intubation Acute kidney injury Coronavirus disease 2019

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Perovskites for Laser and Detector Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2019年第2期2卷 146-153页

作者： Saunak Das Somayeh Gholipour Michael saliba Institute of Physical Chemistry(IPC) Friedrich Schiller University JenaHelmholtzweg 4Jena 07743Germany Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology(IPHT) Albert-Einstein-Str.907745Jena Germany Adolphe Merkle Institute University of Fribourg CH 1700Switzerland Institute of Materials Science Technical University of DarmstadtD-64287Germany

Perovskite materials have triggered a renewed interest in photovoltaic research in the recent years.They display crystal forms with 0D,1D and 2D,3D motifs,and several chemical forms,namely inorganic(titanates,rubidiates,nobiates,tantalates etc.),organic/inorganic metal halides with single to multiple cations,and even organic polymer or quantum dot-infused hybrids.Each crystal type and chemical form are endowed with specific physicochemical,optical,electronic,and morphological properties.These unique properties render them suitable for targeted applications,namely photovoltaics,LEDs,photocatalysis/electrolysis/solar fuels/solar and Li-ion batteries,gas-sensors,ferroelectrics,capacitors,transistors and memristors,photodetectors,and lasers,for advanced quantum cryptography and outer space applications.At first,the crystal and material types,and physicochemical,morphological,and optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials are discussed.Particularly,we focus on those properties which cumulatively contribute to their application in the abovementioned fields.Simultaneously,a comprehensive discussion about the advances in each field is presented.Structure/property/application relationships with key advances demonstrate the versatility of perovskites in modern optoelectronic technologies.

关键词： 2D perovskites hybrid perovskites micro-lasers X-ray detectors c-ray detectors

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Expression of the methylcytosine dioxygenase ten-eleven translocation-2 and connexin 43 in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第40期28卷 5845-5864页

作者： Mohammad El-Harakeh Jessica saliba Kawthar Sharaf Aldeen May Haidar Layal El Hajjar Mireille Kallassy Awad Jana G Hashash Margret Shirinian Marwan El-Sabban Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon UR GPF Laboratory of Biodiversity and Functional Genomics Faculty of ScienceUniversitéSaint-Joseph de BeyrouthBeirut 1107Lebanon Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityBeirut 1533Lebanon Department of Public Health Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of BalamandDekwanehSin el Fil 1552Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon Department of Experimental Pathology Immunology and MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107Lebanon

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)constitutes a substantial risk factor for colorectal cancer.Connexin 43(Cx43)is a protein that forms gap junction(GJ)complexes involved in intercellular communication,and its expression is altered under pathological conditions,such as IBD and cancer.Recent studies have implicated epigenetic processes modulating DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and malignant diseases.The ten-eleven translocation-2(TET-2)enzyme catalyzes the demethylation,hence,regulating the activity of various cancer-promoting and tumor-suppressor genes.AIM To investigate Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels and presence of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5-hmC)marks under inflammatory conditions both in vitro and in vivo.METHODS TET-2 expression was evaluated in parental HT-29 cells and in HT-29 cells expressing low or high levels of Cx43,a putative tumor-suppressor gene whose expression varies in IBD and colorectal cancer,and which has been implicated in the inflammatory process and in tumor onset.The dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model was reproduced in BALB/c mice to evaluate the expression of TET-2 and Cx43 under inflammatory conditions in vivo.In addition,archived colon tissue sections from normal,IBD(ulcerative colitis),and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients were obtained and evaluated for the expression of TET-2 and Cx43.Expression levels were reported at the transcriptional level by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,and at the translational level by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.RESULTS Under inflammatory conditions,Cx43 and TET-2 expression levels increased compared to noninflammatory conditions.TET-2 upregulation was more pronounced in Cx43-deficient cells.Moreover,colon tissue sections from normal,ulcerative colitis,and sporadic colon adenocarcinoma patients corroborated that Cx43 expression increased in IBD and decreased in adenocarcinoma,compared to tissues from non-IBD subjects.However,TET-2 expression and 5-hmC mark levels decreased in s

关键词： Demethylation Inflammation-induced carcinogenesis Ulcerative colitis Colorectal cancer Connexins

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从四方到立方:高性能太阳能电池的钙钛矿相结构演变

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Science Bulletin 2023年第2期68卷 141-145,M0003页

作者：魏旗梁昊 Yuki Haruta Makhsud Saidaminov 米启兮 Michael saliba 崔光磊宁志军 School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China High Performance Computing Department National Supercomputing Center in ShenzhenShenzhen 200441China Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering and Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies(CAMTEC) University of VictoriaVictoria V8P 5C2Canada Institute for Photovoltaics University of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Qingdao Industrial Energy Storage Research Institute Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China

Crystal structure, which is generally determined by the composition, ionic radius and valence state of constituent elements, plays a significant role in the material’s fundamental properties such as optical, electronic, and mechanical characters. The manipulation of the crystal structure through compositional engineering, and understanding the relationship between crystal structure and properties are essential for the development of materials.

关键词：太阳能电池结构演变钙钛矿相

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Resistance to venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in acute myeloid leukemia

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 125-142页

作者： Antoine N.saliba August J.John Scott H.Kaufmann Division of Hematology Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA Division of Oncology Research Department of OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA

Despite the success of the combination of venetoclax with the hypomethylating agents(HMA)decitabine or azacitidine in inducing remission in older,previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML),resistance-primary or secondary-still constitutes a significant roadblock in the quest to prolong the duration of response.Here we review the proposed and proven mechanisms of resistance to venetoclax monotherapy,HMA monotherapy,and the doublet of venetoclax and HMA for the treatment of AML.We approach the mechanisms of resistance to HMAs and venetoclax in the light of the agents’mechanisms of action.We briefly describe potential therapeutic strategies to circumvent resistance to this promising combination,including alternative scheduling or the addition of other agents to the HMA and venetoclax backbone.Understanding the mechanisms of action and evolving resistance in AML remains a priority in order to maximize the benefit from novel drugs and combinations,identify new therapeutic targets,define potential prognostic markers,and avoid treatment failure.

关键词： Venetoclax hypomethylating agents resistance acute myeloid leukemia azacitidine decitabine

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Effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on hepatocellular carcinoma: In vitro inhibition of carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第5期25卷 567-583页

作者： Rim Serhal Nagib saliba George Hilal Mayssam Moussa Ghada S Hassan Oula El Atat Nada Alaaeddine Regenerative Medicine Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Saint-Joseph University Surgery Department Faculty of Medicine Saint-Joseph University and Hotel-Dieu de France Cancer and Metabolism Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Campus of Medical Sciences Saint-Joseph University Laboratoire d’Immunologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal

AIM To investigate the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)and their conditioned media(CM) on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cell tumorigenesis.METHODS The proliferation rate of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 HCC cancer cells was measured using the trypan blue exclusion method and confirmed using the cell-counting kit8(commonly known as CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using annexin V-FITC. Protein and mRNA expression was quantified by ELISA and real time PCR, respectively. Migration and invasion rates were performed by Transwell migration and invasion assays. Wound healing was examined to confirm the data obtained from the migration assays.RESULTS Our data demonstrated that when co-culturing HCC cell lines with ADMSCs or treating them with ADMSC CM, the HCC cell proliferation rate was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis rate increased. The decreased proliferation rate was accompanied by an upregulation of P53 and Retinoblastoma mRNA and a downregulation of c-Myc and hTERT mRNA levels. More notably, ADMSCs and their CM suppressed the expression of the two important markers of HCC carcinogenicity, alpha-fetoprotein and Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin. In addition, the migration and invasion levels of HepG2 and PLC-PRF-5 cells significantly decreased, potentially through increased expression of the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3.CONCLUSION These findings shed new light on a protective and therapeutic role for ADMSCs and their CM in controlling HCC invasiveness and carcinogenesis.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media Proliferation Apoptosis Migration Invasion

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Role of antibiotics for treatment of inflammatory boweldisease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第3期22卷 1078-1087页

作者： Orna Nitzan Mazen Elias Avi Peretz Walid saliba Infectious Disease Unit Baruch-Padeh Medical CenterPoriya 15208Israel Department of Internal Medicine C Ha’Emek Medical CenterAfula 18101Israel Walid saliba Bruce Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 31096Israel Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Baruch-Padeh Medical CenterPoriya 15208Israel Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology Carmel Medical CenterHaifa 34362Israel

Inflammatory bowel disease is thought to be caused by an aberrant immune response to gut bacteria in a genetically susceptible host. The gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis and complications of the two main inflammatory bowel diseases: Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis. Alterations in gut microbiota, and specifically reduced intestinal microbial diversity, have been found to be associated with chronic gut inflammation in these disorders. Specific bacterial pathogens, such as virulent Escherichia coli strains, Bacteroides spp, and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, have been linked to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Antibiotics may influence the course of these diseases by decreasing concentrations of bacteria in the gut lumen and altering the composition of intestinal microbiota. Different antibiotics, including ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, the combination of both, rifaximin, and anti-tuberculous regimens have been evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. For the treatment of active luminal CD, antibiotics may have a modest effect in decreasing disease activity and achieving remission, and are more effective in patients with disease involving the colon. Rifamixin, a non absorbable rifamycin has shown promising results. Treatment of suppurative complications of CD such as abscesses and fistulas, includes drainage and antibiotic therapy, most often ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, or a combination of both. Antibiotics might also play a role in maintenance of remission and prevention of post operative recurrence of CD. Data is more sparse for ulcerative colitis, and mostly consists of small trials evaluating ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and rifaximin. Most trials did not show a benefit for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis with antibiotics, though 2 meta-analyses concluded that antibiotic therapy is associated with a modest improvement in clinical symptoms. Antibiotics show a clinical benefit when used for the t

关键词： Antibiotic treatment Inflammatory boweldisease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease

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Innovation and financial performance of companies doing business in Brazil

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2018年第4期2卷 153-164页

作者： Juliana Albuquerquer saliba de Oliveira Leonardo Fernando Cruz Basso Herbert Kimura Vinicius Amorim Sobreiro Mackenzie Presbyterian University Sao PauloSao Paulo01302-907Brazil Department of Management Campus Darcy RibeiroUniversity of BrasiliaFederal DistrictBrasilia70910-900Brazil

In this paper,we analyze the relationships among innovation efforts,the impacts of these innovations,and the financial performance of Brazilian companies.We hypothesize that innovation efforts do not directly translate into financial performance.Due to the inherent uncertainty of innovative projects,such efforts must first lead to effective innovation results or impacts before they are capable of contributing to a company's financial performance.Using the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics'(IBGE)comprehensive official databases on innovation and performance,we study 5,025 firms using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.The results suggest that efforts in innovation possibly generate impacts;however,these impacts do not necessarily imply better financial performance.Therefore,although firms'efforts may lead to new products,they will not contribute to financial gains in the short term,reflecting the risky and costly nature of innovation.The study aims to contribute to the discussion on firm-level impacts of innovation from the context of a large developing country,since empirical results of the literature are mixed.

关键词： Innovation Efforts in innovation Impacts of innovation Financial performance PINTEC PIA

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