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RosBREED:bridging the chasm between discovery and application to enable DNA-informed breeding in rosaceous crops

Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 527-549页

作者： Amy F.Iezzoni Jim McFerson James luby Ksenija Gasic Vance Whitaker Nahla Bassil Chengyan Yue Karina Gallardo Vicki McCracken Michael Coe Craig Hardner Jason D.Zurn Stan Hokanson Eric van de Weg Sook Jung Dorrie Main Cassia da Silva linge Stijn Vanderzande Thomas M.Davis lise l.Mahoney chad Finn Cameron Peace Michigan State University East LansingMI 48824USA Washington State University WenatcheeWA 98801USA University of Minnesota St.PaulMN 55108USA Clemson University ClemsonSC 29634USA University of Florida WimaumaFL 33598USA USDA-ARS CorvallisOR 97333USA Washington State University PuyallupWA 98371USA Washington State University PullmanWA 99164USA Cedar lake Research Group PortlandOR 97215USA University Queensland BrisbaneQLDAustralia Wageningen University and Research 6700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands University of New Hampshire DurhamNH 03824USA

The Rosaceae crop family(including almond,apple,apricot,blackberry,peach,pear,plum,raspberry,rose,strawberry,sweet cherry,and sour cherry)provides vital contributions to human well-being and is economically significant across the *** 2003,industry stakeholder initiatives prioritized the utilization of genomics,genetics,and breeding to develop new cultivars exhibiting both disease resistance and superior horticultural ***,rosaceous crop breeders lacked certain knowledge and tools to fully implement DNA-informed breeding—a“chasm”existed between existing genomics and genetic information and the application of this knowledge in *** RosBREED project(“Ros”signifying a Rosaceae genomics,genetics,and breeding community initiative,and“BREED”,indicating the core focus on breeding programs),addressed this challenge through a comprehensive and coordinated 10-year effort funded by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research *** was designed to enable the routine application of modern genomics and genetics technologies in *** crop breeding programs,thereby enhancing their efficiency and effectiveness in delivering cultivars with producer-required disease resistances and market-essential horticultural *** review presents a synopsis of the approach,deliverables,and impacts of RosBREED,highlighting synergistic global collaborations and future *** technologies and tools developed are described,including genome-wide scanning platforms and DNA diagnostic *** of DNA-informed breeding use by project participants are presented for all breeding stages,including pre-breeding for disease resistance,parental and seedling selection,and elite selection *** chasm is now bridged,accelerating rosaceous crop genetic improvement.

关键词： breeding cultivar crops

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Comparison of Airtraq optical laryngoscope and Storz video laryngoscope in a cadaver model

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2011年第3期2卷 175-178页

作者： Michael C. Wadman Travis W. Dierks chad E. Branecki Claudia l. Barthold lance H. Hoffman lina lander Carol S. lomneth Richard A. Walker Department of Emergency Medicine University of Nebraska College of Medicine Omaha Nebraska Deaconess Medical Center Spokane Washington USA Department of Epidemiology University of Nebraska College of Public Health Omaha Nebraska USA Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy University of Nebraska College of Medicine Omaha Nebraska USA

BACKGROUND： Airway management in the emergency department is a critical intervention that requires both standard techniques and rescue techniques to ensure a high rate of success. Recently, video laryngoscope （Vl） systems have become increasingly common in many large urban EDs, but these systems may exceed the budgets of smaller rural EDs and EMS services and the Airtraq optical laryngoscope （Ol） may provide an effective, low-cost alternative. We hypothesized that laryngeal view and time to endothracheal tube placement for Ol and Vl intubations would not be significantly different. METHODS：This was a prospective, crossover trial. Setting： University-based emergency medicine residency program procedure laboratory utilizing lightly embalmed cadavers. Subjects： PGY1-3 emergency medicine residents. The study subjects performed timed endotracheal intubations alternately using the Ol and Vl. The subjects then rated the Cormack-lehane laryngeal view for each device. Statistical analysis： Mean time to intubation and the mean laryngeal view score were calculated with 95% confidence intervals and statistical significance was determined by Student＇s t test. RESUlTS：Fourteen subjects completed the study. The average laryngeal view achieved with the Ol vs. the Vl was not significantly different, with Cormack-lehane grade of 1.14 vs. 1.07, respectively. Time to endotracheal intubation, however, was significantly different （P〈0.001） with the average time to intubation for the Ol 25.49 seconds （95% CI： 17.95-33.03） and the Vl 13.41 seconds （10.27-16.55）. CONClUSION：The Airtraq Ol and the Storz Vl yielded similar laryngeal views in the lightly embalmed cadaver model. Time to endotracheal tube placement, however, was less for the Vl.

关键词： Airtraq optical laryngoscope laryngoscope Video laryngoscope

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Assessment of UAV Based Vegetation Indices for Nitrogen Concentration Estimation in Spring Wheat

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2018年第2期7卷 71-90页

作者： Olga S. Walsh Sanaz Shafian Juliet M. Marshall chad Jackson Jordan R. McClintick-Chess Steven M. Blanscet Kristin Swoboda Craig Thompson Kelli M. Belmont Willow l. Walsh Department of Plant Sciences Southwest Research and Extension Center University of Idaho Moscow ID USA Department of Entomology Plant Pathology and Nematology Idaho Falls Research and Extension Center University of Idaho Idaho Falls ID USA BASF-Chemical Co. Caldwell ID USA Take Flight UAS LLC Boise ID USA Seminis Payette ID USA Vallivue High School Caldwell ID USA

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly popular in recent years for agricultural research. High spatial and temporal resolution images obtained with UAVs are ideal for many applications in agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of vegetation indices (VIs) derived from UAV images for quantification of plant nitrogen (N) concentration of spring wheat, a major cereal crop worldwide. This study was conducted at three locations in Idaho, United States. A quadcopter UAV equipped with a red edge multispectral sensor was used to collect images during the 2016 growing season. Flight missions were successfully carried out at Feekes 5 and Feekes 10 growth stages of spring wheat. Plant samples were collected on the same days as UAV image data acquisition and were transferred to lab for N concentration analysis. Different VIs including Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI), Red Edge Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVIred edge), Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2), Red Edge Simple Ratio (SRred edge), Green Chlorophyll Index (CIgreen), Red Edge Chlorophyll Index (CIred edge), Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI) and Red Edge Triangular Vegetation Index (core only) (RTVIcore) were calculated for each flight event. At Feekes 5 growth stage, red edge and green based VIs showed higher correlation with plant N concentration compare to the red based VIs. At Feekes 10 growth stage, all calculated VIs showed high correlation with plant N concentration. Empirical relationships between VIs and plant N concentration were cross validated using test data sets for each growth stage. At Feekes 5, the plant N concentration estimated based on NDVIred edge showed one to one correlation with measured N concentration. At Feekes 10, the estimated and measured N concentration were highly correlated for all empirical models, but the model based on CIgreen was the only model that had a one to

关键词： Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Systems (UAV) Vegetation Indices (VIs) Plant Nitrogen Concentration

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Comparison of continuous homogenous azeotropic and pressure-swing distillation for a minimum azeotropic system ethyl acetate/nhexane separation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第10期26卷 2023-2033页

作者： liping lü lin Zhu Huimin liu Hang li Shirui Sun Key laboratory of Gas Process Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest Petroleum University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangtze Normal University

Continuous homogenous azeotropic distillation(chad) and pressure-swing distillation(PSD) are explored to separate a minimum-boiling azeotropic system of ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The chad process with acetone as the entrainer and the PSD process with the pressures of 0.1 MPa and 0.6 MPa in two columns are designed and simulated by Aspen Plus. The operating conditions of the two processes are optimized via a sequential modular approach to obtain the minimum total annual cost(TAC). The computational results show that the partially heat integrated pressure-swing distillation(HIPSD) has reduced in the energy cost and TAC by 40.79% and 35.94%, respectively, than the conventional PSD, and has more greatly reduced the energy cost and TAC by 62.61% and 49.26% respectively compared with the chad process. The comparison of chad process and partially HIPSD process illustrates that the partially HIPSD has more advantages in averting the product pollution, energy saving, and economy.

关键词： Continuous homogenous azeotropic distillation Pressure-swing distillation Ethyl acetate/n-hexane Azeotrope

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Chromosome-scale scaffolding of the black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis l.) genome based on chromatin interaction data

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 868-878页

作者： Rubina Jibran Helge Dzierzon Nahla Bassil Jill M.Bushakra Patrick P.Edger Shawn Sullivan chad E.Finn Michael Dossett Kelly J.Vining Robert VanBuren Todd C.Mockler Ivan liachko Kevin M.Davies Toshi M.Foster David Chagné The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research limited Private Bag 11600Palmerston North4474New Zealand USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository 33447 Peoria RoadCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824-2604USA Phase Genomics SeattleWA98195USA USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit CorvallisOR97330USA B.C.Blueberry Council(in Partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada)Agassiz Food Research Centre AgassizBCV0M 1A0Canada The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO63132USA Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWA98195USA

Black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis l.)is a niche fruit crop valued for its flavor and potential health *** improvement of fruit and cane characteristics via molecular breeding technologies has been hindered by the lack of a high-quality reference *** recently released draft genome for black raspberry(ORUS 4115-3)lacks assembly of scaffolds to chromosome *** used high-throughput chromatin conformation capture(Hi-C)and Proximity-Guided Assembly(PGA)to cluster and order 9650 out of 11,936 contigs of this draft genome assembly into seven *** seven pseudo-chromosomes cover~97.2%of the total contig length(~223.8 Mb).locating existing genetic markers on the physical map resolved multiple discrepancies in marker order on the genetic *** regions were inferred from recombination frequencies of genetic markers,alignment of 303 bp centromeric sequence with the PGA,and heat map showing the physical contact matrix over the entire *** demonstrate a high degree of synteny between each of the seven chromosomes of black raspberry and a high-quality reference genome for strawberry(Fragaria vesca l.)assembled using only PacBio long-read *** conclude that PGA is a cost-effective and rapid method of generating chromosome-scale assemblies from Illumina short-read sequencing data.

关键词： breeding black interaction

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Regulatory divergence of duplicate genes in maize

Regulatory divergence of duplicate genes in maize

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第一届全国玉米生物学学术研讨会

作者：李林 Roman Briskine Robert Schaefer Michael Scanlon Marja C.P.Timmermans Patrick S.Schnable Jianming Yu chad l.Myers lex Flagel Nathan M.Springer Gary Muehlbauer Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of Minnesota Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota Department of Plant Biology Cornell University Cold Spring Harbor laboratory Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Monsanto Company Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota

Gene duplication exists in nearly all species and can result in coding and regulatory *** maize,whole genome duplication(WGD)resulted in the subgenomes maizel and maize2,with maizel the dominant *** unanswered question is the regulatory fate of duplicated genes in gene co-expression *** address the consequence of gene duplication on regulatory divergence,we first

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气温影响下鸣禽的冬季分布和丰富度的动力学机制

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第B12期36卷 619-622页

作者： J. Russel Butler Dena P. MacMynowski chad laurent Terry l. Root 李新艳（译）佛罗里达健康科学医学院教授 Institute for the Environment Encina Hall E501Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-6055 USA Mass Energy Consumers＇ Alliance 670 Centre Street Boston MA 02130USA. Institute for the Environment Encina Hall E411 Stanford University Stanford CA 94305-6055 USA 不详

使用圣诞鸟类统计数据,我们分析了在美国大平原北部6种雀形目鸟种类的丰富度每年的时空变化(1960～1990)。这项研究为研究全球变暖如何引起当前生物群落中的物种分离提供了新的视角。我们发现冬季气温对于体型相近的鸣禽的冬季相对丰富... 详细信息

使用圣诞鸟类统计数据,我们分析了在美国大平原北部6种雀形目鸟种类的丰富度每年的时空变化(1960～1990)。这项研究为研究全球变暖如何引起当前生物群落中的物种分离提供了新的视角。我们发现冬季气温对于体型相近的鸣禽的冬季相对丰富度的影响是有差别的。同样地,冬季年平均气温的波动(即冬天的酷寒程度)与其中3个物种的相对丰富度呈显著相关(P<0.05),而与其它3个物种不具有这种显著相关关系。我们进行条件概率分析后,发现3种与气温关联的物种的丰富度在-4℃以下显著减少,而其它3种物种的丰富度在8～-16℃范围内波动很小。由此我们得出结论:即使在更冷的气候条件下,1)一部分鸣禽的冬季分布直接或者间接受到气温的限制;2)这些鸣禽具有动态的丰富度,能够迅速响应气温的变化。

关键词：冬季气温气温影响丰富度动力学机制鸣禽年平均气温统计数据时空变化

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活动期葡萄膜炎性青光眼患者接受小梁切除术后的炎症反应及眼压情况（英文）

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国际眼科杂志 2015年第6期15卷 939-943页

作者： Doris W.F.Yick Ho Wing lau Jacky W.Y.lee Wong C.Y.chad Can Y.F.Yuen 中国香港明爱医院眼科中国香港玛丽医院眼科

目标:分析活动期葡萄膜炎患者在小梁切除术后的炎症反应及眼压情况。方法:我们回顾了2006-10/2011-03期间,接受了小梁切除术的活动期葡萄膜炎性青光眼患者纪录。手术前后的炎症反应、复发频率、类固醇依赖度及眼压均以配对t检验作比较... 详细信息

目标:分析活动期葡萄膜炎患者在小梁切除术后的炎症反应及眼压情况。方法:我们回顾了2006-10/2011-03期间,接受了小梁切除术的活动期葡萄膜炎性青光眼患者纪录。手术前后的炎症反应、复发频率、类固醇依赖度及眼压均以配对t检验作比较。结果:在29例29眼患者中,90%的患眼在手术时正在接受局部类固醇治疗。患者平均年龄为58.3±14.0a,术前眼压为35.7±8.9mmHg。患者平均复诊时期为35.2±18.7mo。术后3mo前房炎症反应分级平均减少了0.4±0.6(P<0.01)。复发频率在复诊期内每年减少了2.3±2.1次(P<0.01)。术后1a的平均眼压为13.1±4.5mmHg,而其中44.8%患者的眼压无需用药亦能维持在21mmHg或以下。结论:小梁切除术后的葡萄膜炎性青光眼患者在炎症反应及眼压方面均有改善,但成功率较原发性青光眼患者低。小梁切除术可以作为活动期葡萄膜炎性青光眼患者早期控制眼压和炎症反应治疗的一个选择。

关键词：葡萄膜炎小梁切除术青光眼眼压

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Evading the host response:Staphylococcus“hiding”in cortical bone canalicular system causes increased bacterial burden

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Bone Research 2020年第4期8卷 447-457页

作者： Stephen D.Zoller Vishal Hegde Zachary D.C.Burke Howard Y.Park chad R.Ishmael Gideon W.Blumstein William Sheppard Christopher Hamad Amanda H.loftin Daniel O.Johansen Ryan A.Smith Marina M.Sprague Kellyn R.Hori Samuel J.Clarkson Rachel Borthwell Scott I.Simon Jeff F.Miller Scott D.Nelson Nicholas M.Bernthal Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of CaliforniaLos Angeles125016th St Suite 2100Santa MonicaCA 90404USA David Geffen School of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos Angeles10833 Le Conte AveLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Internal Medicine University of CaliforniaLos Angeles757 Westwood PlazaSuite 7501Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos Angeles570 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Microbiology Immunologyand Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095USA Department of Pathology University of CaliforniaLos Angeles125016th St Suite 3450Santa MonicaCA 90404USA

Extremity reconstruction surgery is increasingly performed rather than amputation for patients with large-segment pathologic bone *** persists as to the optimal void filler for this“limb salvage”surgery,whether metal or allograft *** focus on optimizing important functional gains for patients,and the risk of devastating implant infection has been thought to be similar regardless of implant *** insights into infection pathophysiology are challenging this equipoise,however,with both basic science data suggesting a novel mechanism of infection of Staphylococcus aureus(the most common infecting agent)into the host lacunar–canaliculi network,and also clinical data revealing a higher rate of infection of allograft over *** current translational study was therefore developed to bridge the gap between these insights in a longitudinal murine model of infection of allograft bone and ***-time Staphylococci infection characteristics were quantified in cortical bone vs metal,and both microarchitecture of host implant and presence of host immune response were *** orders-of-magnitude higher bacterial burden was established in cortical allograft bone over both metal and cancellous *** establishment of immune-evading microabscesses was confirmed in both cortical allograft haversian canal and the submicron canaliculi network in an additional model of mouse femur bone *** study results reveal a mechanism by which Staphylococci evasion of host immunity is possible,contributing to elevated risks of infection in cortical *** presence of this local infection reservoir imparts massive clinical implications that may alter the current paradigm of osteomyelitis and bulk allograft infection treatment.

关键词： immunity insight reservoir

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The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND):Science and design

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 1-43页

作者： Jaime Alvarez-Muniz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Ismael Cognard Valentin Decoene Peter B.Denton Sijbrand De Jong Krijn D.De Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra le Coz Jean-Philippe lenain Guo liang léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schroder Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles Departamento de Fisica de Particulas&lnstituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Instituto de Astronomia Geofisica e Ciencias AtmosfericasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo-SP 05508-090Brazil Department of Physics-Astrophysics University of OxfordDWBOxford 0X13RHUK Institute of Experimental Particle Physics(ETP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsru he D-76021Germany laboratoire de Physique Nucleeaire et de Hautes Energies(lPNHE) Sorbonne UniversiteUniversite Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CiteCNRS place Jussieu F-75252Paris Cedex 5France Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Discovery Center Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics(CCA.PP)&Department of Physics Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela 15782Spain 0SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique-CNRS/IN2P3-Universite de NantesNantes 44300France laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de KEnvironnement et de VEspace lPC2E CNRS-Universite d'Orleans Orleans F-45071France Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay Observatoire de ParisCNRS/INSU F-18330 NangayFrance Sorbonne Universite UMR 7095Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris98 bis bd AragoParis 75014France Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics(IMAPP)Radboud UniversiteitNijmegen 6500Netherlands Nationaal Instituut voor Kemfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica(NIKHEF) Amsterdam NL-1009Netherlands IIHE/ElEM Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium Institute for Nuclear Physics(IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe D-76021Germany Einstein Fellow Stanford UniversityStanford CA 94305USA Department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742-2421USA Joint Space-Science Institute College Park MD 20742-2421USA Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm UniversityStockholm SE-10691Sweden Department of Phy

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge *** goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic *** do this,GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched *** will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the *** design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals *** we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for GRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation:sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays:galactic and extragalactic

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