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Infrastruc.ure-based loc.lisation of automated c.al mining equipment

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International Journal of c.al Sc.enc. & Tec.nology 2017年第3期4卷 252-261页

作者： chad O. Hargrave c.aig A. James Jonathon c. Ralston Mining and Proc.ssing Tec.nologies Researc. Group CoalMining Research Program CSIRO Energy BrisbaneAustralia

A novel radar-based system for longw.ll c.al mine mac.ine loc.lisation is desc.ibed. The system, based on a radar-ranging sensor and designed to loc.lise mining equipment w.th respec. to the mine tunnel gate road infrastruc.ure, is developed and trialled in an underground c.al mine. The c.allenges of reliable sensing in the mine environment are c.nsidered, and the use of a radar sensor for loc.lisation is justified. The diffic.lties of ac.ieving reliable positioning using only the radar sensor are examined. Several probabilistic.data proc.ssing tec.niques are explored in order to estimate tw. key loc.lisation parameters from a single radar signal, namely along-trac. position and ac.oss-trac. position, w.th respec. to the gate road struc.ures. For the c.se of ac.oss-trac. position, a c.nventional Kalman filter approac. is suffic.ent to ac.ieve a reliable estimate. How.ver for along-trac. position estimation, spec.fic.infrastruc.ure elements on the gate road rib-w.ll must be identified by a trac.ing algorithm. Due to c.mplexities assoc.ated w.th this data proc.ssing problem, a novel visual analytic. approac. w.s explored in a 3D interac.ive display to fac.litate identific.tion of signific.nt features for use in a c.assifier algorithm. Based on the c.assifier output, identified elements are used as loc.tion w.ypoints to provide a robust and ac.urate mining equipment loc.lisation estimate.

关键词： Loc.lisation · w.ypoint navigation · Mac.ine learning · Radar ·Underground · Longw.ll mining· Automation

Longw.ll automation:trends,c.allenges and opportunities

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International Journal of Mining Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2017年第5期27卷 733-739页

作者： Jonathon c.Ralston chad O.Hargrave Mark T.Dunn c.al Mining Researc. Program CSIRO EnergyBrisbaneAustralia

This paper explores the ongoing development and implementation of longw.ll automation tec.nology to ac.ieve greater levels of underground c.al mining performanc.. The primary driver behind the researc. and development effort is to inc.ease the safety, produc.ivity and effic.enc. of longw.ll mining operations to enhanc. the underlying mining business. A brief review.of major longw.ll automation c.allenges is given follow.d by a review.of the insights and benefits assoc.ated w.th the LASc.longw.ll shearer automation solution. Areas of tec.nic.l c.allenge in sensing, dec.sion support, autonomy and human interac.ion are then highlighted, w.th spec.fic.attention given to remote operating c.ntres, proximity detec.ion and systems-level arc.itec.ures in order to motivate further automation system *** vision for a fully integrated c.al mining ec.system is disc.ssed w.th the goal of delivering a highperformanc., zero-exposure and environmentally c.herent mining operations.

关键词： Safety Produc.ivity Environment Mining automation Longw.ll mining Remote mining Sensing

Innovative approac.es tow.rds an ec.nomic.fusion reac.or

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National Sc.enc. Review 2020年第2期7卷 245-247页

作者： Houyang Guo Franc.s Y c.Thio Mic.l w.Binderbauer Ric.ard J Buttery Thomas R Jarboe Rajesh Maingi John S Sarff Peter c.Stangeby Derek A SutherlAND Mic.ey R wade Mic.ael c.Zarnstorff General Atomic. Breakthrough Fusion International c.rporation

Nuc.ear fusion potentially offers a c.ean,environmentally friendly and intrinsic.lly safe energy sourc. w.th an abundant fuel supply. Magnetic.fusion energy researc. is approac.ing a new.era of fusion pow.r reac.or design and c.nstruc.ion planning. New.physic. understanding and pow.rful predic.ive tools have bec.me available for improving fusion performanc., developing and optimizing various magnetic.c.nfinement c.nc.pts. Emerging transformative

关键词： Innovative approac.es tow.rds an ec.nomic.fusion reac.or

Regional Distribution of Soil Phosphorus Ac.oss c.ngregation-Grazing Zones of Forage-Based Pastures w.th c.w.c.lf Operations in Florida

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Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2011年第4期2卷 408-417页

作者： Gilbert c. Sigua Robert O. Myer Samuel w. c.leman c.eryl Mac.ow.ak Martin Adjei chad c. c.ase Joseph Albano North Florida Researc. and Educ.tional c.nter University of Florida Marianna United States Department of Agric.lture-Agric.ltural Researc. Servic. Brooksville United States Department of Agric.lture-Agric.ltural Researc. Servic. Fort Pierce University of Florida Range Cattle Research and Education Center Ona

The arrangement of supplemental feed, w.ter, shelter, and their c.nc.rrent interac.ions w.th topographic.features may influenc. the distribution of animals and their simultaneous use of pasture’s resourc.s. The effec.s of grazing and/or c.ngregation management that c.ntrol phosphorus c.c.ing and distribution have not been suffic.ently evaluated. The objec.ives of this study w.re: 1) to determine w.ether c.ttle c.ngregation sites typic.l on most Florida ranc.es, repre-sented by w.ter troughs and shaded areas, are more phosphorus-ric. and may c.ntribute more soluble phosphorus to surfac. w.ter run-off and groundw.ter than other pasture loc.tions;and 2) to assess the regional distribution of Mehlic.-1 extrac.able soil phosphorus (MP) ac.oss c.ngregation-grazing zones of forage-based pastures w.th c.w.c.lf operations in Florida. Soil samples w.re c.llec.ed at inc.easing distanc. from c.ngregations struc.ures (w.ter troughs and shades) in established (>10 yr), grazed beef c.ttle pastures loc.ted in three Florida regions. Samples w.re c.l-lec.ed in the fall and spring of 2005, 2006, and 2007, respec.ively;follow.ng a radial (every 90 degrees) sampling pat-terns aw.y from the c.nter of the c.ngregation struc.ures. Averaged ac.oss years, MP and soil phosphorus saturation in the c.ngregation zones w.re c.mparable (p ≤ 0.05) w.th MP values and soil phosphorus saturation in the grazing zones at all three Florida regions. Average MP at all three pasture loc.tions did not exc.ed the c.op requirement threshold of 50 mg P kg–1 and the w.ter quality protec.ion threshold of 150 mg P kg–1, suggesting that c.ngregation zones in beef c.ttle pastures at all three regions of Florida are not phosphorus-ric..

关键词： Beef c.ttle c.ngregation Struc.ures c.ngregation Zone Grazing Zone Total Phosphorus Phosphorus Saturation Nutrient Management

c.oosing betw.en a roc. and a hard plac.： c.mouflage in the round-tailed horned lizard Phrynosoma modestum

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c.rrent Zoology 2012年第4期58卷 541-548页

作者： w.lliam E. c.OPER, Jr. wade c. SHERBROOKE Department of Biology Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne Fort Wayne IN 46805 USA Southw.stern Researc. Station American Museum of Natural History PO Box 16553 Portal AZ 85632 USA

The round-tailed homed lizard Phrynosoma modestum is c.yptic.lly c.lored and resembles a small stone w.en it draw. legs c.ose to its body and elevates its bac.. w. investigated effec.iveness of c.mouflage in P. modestum and its dependenc. on stones by plac.ng a lizard in one of tw. mic.ohabitats （uniform sand or sand w.th surfac. roc.s approximately the same size as lizards）. An observer w.o knew.w.ic. mic.ohabitat c.ntained the lizard w.s asked to loc.te the lizard visually. Latenc. to detec. tion w.s longer and probability of no detec.ion w.thin 60 s w.s higher for lizards on roc. bac.ground than on bare sand. In arenas w.ere lizards c.uld c.oose to oc.upy roc. or bare sand, muc. higher proportions selec.ed roc.y bac.grounds throughout the day; at night all lizards slept among stones. A unique posture gives P modestum a rounded appearanc. similar to many natural stones. Lizards oc.asionally adopted the posture, but none did so in response to a nearby experimenter. Stimuli that elic.t the posture are unknow.. That P. modestum is better c.mouflaged among roc.s than on bare sand and prefers to oc.upy roc.y areas suggests that spec.al resemblanc. to roc.s （masquerade） enhanc.s c.mouflage attributable to c.loration and immobility.

关键词： Animal defense Bac.ground matc.ing c.mouflage c.ypsis Masquerade Squamata

Letting Go is Never Easy:Absc.ssion and Rec.ptor- Like Protein Kinases

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第12期55卷 1251-1263页

作者： chad E.Niederhuth Sung Ki c.o Kati Seitz John c.w.lker Department of Genetic. University of Georgia Division of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s University of Missouri Interdisc.plinary Plant Group University of Missouri Department of Hortic.lture Iowa State University

Absc.ssion is the proc.ss by w.ic. plants disc.rd organs in response to environmental c.es/stressors, or as part of their normal development. Absc.ssion has been studied throughout the history of the plant sc.enc.s and in numerous spec.es. Although long studied at the anatomic.l and physiologic.l levels, absc.ssion has only been eluc.dated at the molec.lar and genetic.levels w.thin the last tw. dec.des, primarily w.th the use of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. This has led to the disc.very of numerous genes involved at all steps of absc.ssion, inc.uding key pathw.ys involving rec.ptor-like protein kinases （RLKs）. This review.c.vers the c.rrent know.edge of absc.ssion researc., highlighting the role of RLKs.

关键词： Absc.ssion absc.ssion zone c.ll separation c.ll w.ll remodeling rec.ptor-like protein kinase.

ZPPR Fuel Element Thermal Stress-Strain Analysis

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w.rld Journal of Nuc.ear Sc.enc. and Tec.nology 2014年第2期4卷 123-138页

作者： c.arles w. Solbrig Jason Andrus chad Pope Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls USA

The design temperature of high plutonium c.nc.ntration ZPPR fuel plates is 600°c. c.adding integrity of the 304 L stainless steel c.adding is a signific.nt c.nc.rn w.th this fuel sinc. even small holes c.n lead to substantial fuel degradation. Sinc. the fuel has a higher c.effic.ent of thermal expansion than the c.adding, an investigation of the stress induc.d in the c.adding due to the differential thermal expansion of fuel and c.adding up to the design temperature w.s c.nduc.ed. Small holes in the c.adding envelope w.uld be expec.ed to lead to the fuel hydriding and oxidizing into a pow.er over a long period of time. This is the same type of c.emic.l reac.ion c.ain that exists in the degradation of the high uranium c.nc.ntration ZPPR fuel. Unfortunately, the uranium fuel w.s designed w.th vents w.ic. allow.d this degradation to oc.ur. The Pu c.adding is sealed so only fuel w.th damaged c.adding w.uld be subjec. to this damage. The thermal stresses that c.n be developed in the fuel c.adding have been c.lc.lated in this paper and c.mpared to the ultimate tensile stress of the c.adding. The c.nc.usion is draw. that thermal stresses c.nnot induc. holes in the c.adding even for the highest storage temperatures predic.ed in c.lc.lations (292°c.. In fac., thermal stress c.nnot c.use c.adding failure as long as the fuel temperatures are below.the design limit of 600°c.(1112°F).

关键词： ZPPR Nuc.ear Fuel Fuel Failure Fuel Hydriding and Oxidizing Thermal Induc.d Stresses and Strains Plastic Deformation

Informatic.analysis reveals Legionella as a sourc. of novel natural produc.s

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Synthetic.and Systems Biotec.nology 2016年第2期1卷 130-136页

作者： chad w.Johnston Jonathan Plumb Xiang Li Sergio Grinstein Nathan A.Magarvey The Mic.ael G.DeGroote Institute for Infec.ious Disease Researc. Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical SciencesMcMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada L8N 3Z5 Department of c.emistry and c.emic.l Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonONCanada L8N 3Z5 c.ll Biology Program Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada M5G 1X8

Mic.obial natural produc.s are a c.uc.al sourc. of bioac.ive molec.les and unique c.emic.l *** their importanc.,redisc.very of know. natural produc.s from established produc.ive mic.obes has led to dec.ining interest,even w.ile emergent genomic.data suggest that the majority of mic.obial natural produc.s remain to be ***,new.sourc.s of mic.obial natural produc.s must be defined in order to provide c.emic.l sc.ffolds for the next generation of small molec.les for therapeutic.agric.ltural,and industrial *** this w.rk,w. use spec.alized bioinformatic.programs,genetic.knoc.outs,and c.mparative metabolomic. to define the genus Legionella as a new.sourc. of novel natural *** show.that Legionella *** a diverse c.llec.ion of biosynthetic.gene c.usters for the produc.ion of polyketide and nonribosomal peptide natural *** c.nfirm this bioinformatic.survey,w. c.eate targeted mutants of *** and use c.mparative metabolomic. to identify a novel polyketide *** spec.rosc.pic.tec.niques,w. show.that this polyketide possesses a new.c.emic.l sc.ffold,and firmly demonstrate that this unexplored genus is a sourc. for novel natural produc.s.

关键词： Natural produc.s Legionella Polyketides PRISM

A Randomized c.mparison of a Parker Endotrac.eal Tube and a Standard Tube Oriented 90°c.unterc.oc.w.se

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2012年第5期2卷 219-223页

作者： wade A. w.igel Thomas c. Dean Department of Anesthesiology Virginia Mason Medical Center Seattle USA.

Purpose: During oral fiberoptic.intubation, advanc.ment of an endotrac.eal tube (ETT) into the trac.ea is oc.asionally impeded by laryngeal struc.ures. The c.rved flex tip Parker ETT has been show. to improve the likelihood of suc.essful advanc.ment as opposed to a standard ETT that is advanc.d in neutral orientation. How.ver, a Parker tube has not been c.mpared to a standard ETT oriented 90° c.unterc.oc.w.se from the neutral position. w. hypothesize that fiber-optic.lly-guided advanc.ment of an ETT into the trac.ea w.ll be more suc.essful w.en using a Parker tube than a 90° c.unterc.oc.w.se-oriented standard ETT. Methods: This unblinded, randomized c.ntrolled trial c.mpares the rate of suc.essful advanc.ment of a fiberoptic.lly-guided endotrac.eal tube into the trac.ea. Tw. groups of randomly assigned patients w.th non-diffic.lt airw.ys are c.mpared: a Parker flex-tip tube (Parker Group;n = 57) versus a standard ETT oriented 90° c.unterc.oc.w.se (Standard Group;n = 58). Our primary outc.me is the first pass suc.ess rate of advanc.ing the ETT into the trac.ea. Results: First pass suc.ess oc.urred in 48 of 57 (84%) patients in the Parker Group vs. 39 of 58 (67%) of patients in the Standard Group (p = 0.0497). c.nc.usion: w.en advanc.ng an ETT over an oral fiberoptic.sc.pe and into the trac.ea, a Parker c.rved flex tip ETT is statistic.lly more likely to be plac.d suc.essfully on the first pass than is a standard ETT oriented 90° c.unterc.oc.w.se.

关键词： Endotrac.eal Intubation Parker Mallinc.rodt Fiberoptic