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Flavonoids from mulberry leaves inhibit fat production and improve fatty acid distribution in adipose tissue in finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 147-157页

作者： Yingying Liu Yinglin peng Chen Chen Huibo Ren ji Zhu Yuan Deng Qingming Cui Xionggui Hu jianhua He Huali Li Xinghui Zhu Yulong Yin Jun He Yi Xiao College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science Changsha410131China Key Laboratory of Conservation and Genetic Analysis of Local Pig Breed Germplasm Resources Changsha410131China College of Information and Intelligence Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha410125China

This study evaluated the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves(FML)on plasma biochemical indices,serum activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes,fat morphology,fatty acid composition,and lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues of finishing *** used 120 Chinese hybrid barrows of Berkshire and Bama mini-pigs with an average initial body weight of 45.11±4.23 *** pigs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups and fed a control diet based on corn,soybean meal,and wheat bran or a control diet supplemented with 0.02%,0.04%,0.08%,or 0.16%*** experimental group had six replicates(pens),with four pigs per *** a 7-d adaptation period,the feeding trial was conducted for 58 *** and adipose tissue samples were collected from 30 pigs(one pig per pen)at the end of the *** results showed that FML supplementation significantly decreased the feed intake to body gain ratio,the plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and free fatty acids,and the serum activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(linear or quadratic effects,P<0.05),and decreased the plasma triglyceride concentration(quadratic,P=0.07).Increasing FML supplementation increased the average daily gain and serum activities of lipoprotein lipase(linear and quadratic effects,P<0.05)and adipose triglyceride lipase(linear,P<0.05).Dietary FML supplementation decreased the adipocyte area in the dorsal subcutaneous adipose(DSA)tissue of finishing pigs(linear,P=0.05)and increased the adipocyte area in the visceral adipose tissue(quadratic,P<0.01).Increasing FML supplementation decreased the C20:1 content in DSA,abdominal subcutaneous adipose,and visceral adipose tissues of finishing pigs(P<0.05)and increased the C18:3n3 and n-3 PUFA contents(P<0.05).The lipid metabolism genes were regulated by the PPARγ-LXRa-ABCA1 signaling pathway,and their expressions differed in different adipose *** findings suggest that FML improved growth performance,regulated lipid met

关键词： Finishing pig Mulberry leaf Flavonoid Lipid metabolism Fatty acid Lard

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Machine learning with active pharmaceutical ingredient/polymer interaction mechanism:Prediction for complex phase behaviors of pharmaceuticals and formulations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 263-272页

作者： Kai Ge Yiping Huang Yuanhui ji jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 211189China

The high throughput prediction of the thermodynamic phase behavior of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs)with pharmaceutically relevant excipients remains a major scientific challenge in the screening of pharmaceutical *** this work,a developed machine-learning model efficiently predicts the solubility of APIs in polymers by learning the phase equilibrium principle and using a few molecular *** the few-shot learning framework,thermodynamic theory(perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory)was used for data augmentation,and computational chemistry was applied for molecular descriptors'*** results showed that the developed machine-learning model can predict the API-polymer phase diagram accurately,broaden the solubility data of APIs in polymers,and reproduce the relationship between API solubility and the interaction mechanisms between API and polymer successfully,which provided efficient guidance for the development of pharmaceutical formulations.

关键词： Multi-task machine learning Density functional theory Hydrogen bond interaction Miscibility Solubility

A Tri-mode of Mock-Walker Cells

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第4期41卷 671-679页

作者： Han QIN ji NIE Zhiyong MENG Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key Laboratory Foshan 528061China

This work uses cloud-resolving simulations to study mock-Walker cells driven by a specified sea surface temperature(SST).The associated precipitation in the mock-Walker cells exhibits three different modes,including a single peak of precipitation over the SST maximum(mode 1),symmetric double peaks of precipitation straddling the SST maximum(mode 2),and a single peak of precipitation on one side of the SST maximum(mode 3).The three modes are caused by three distinct convective activity center migration *** indicate that the virtual effect of water vapor plays an important role in differentiating the three *** the SST gradient is large,the virtual effect may be strong enough to overcome the temperature effect,generating a low-level low-pressure anomaly below the ascending branch of the Walker cell off the *** results here highlight the importance of the virtual effect of water vapor and its interaction with convection and large-scale circulation in the Walker circulation.

关键词： Walker circulation cloud-resolving simulation virtual effect

Comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiome and posttranslational modifications elucidates the route involved in microbiota-host interactions

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 95-107页

作者： Hai-Yang Wang Lan-Xiang Liu Xue-Yi Chen Yang-Dong Zhang Wen-Xia Li Wen-Wen Li Lian Wang Xiao-Long Mo Hong Wei Ping ji peng Xie NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China College of Stomatology and Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 401147China Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences Chongqing 401147China Department of Neurology Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 402160China Department of Pathology Faculty of Basic MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Center Chongqing 401329China

The gut microbiome interacts with the host to maintain body homeostasis,with gut microbial dysbiosis implicated in many ***,the underlying mechanisms of gut microbe regulation of host behavior and brain functions remain *** study aimed to elucidate the influence of gut microbiota on brain functions via post-translational modification mechanisms in the presence or absence of bacteria without any *** conducted succinylome analysis of hippocampal proteins in germ-free(GF)and specific pathogen-free(SPF)mice and metagenomic analysis of feces from SPF *** results were integrated with previously reported hippocampal acetylome and phosphorylome data from the same batch of *** bioinformatics analyses revealed 584 succinylation sites on 455 proteins,including 54 up-regulated succinylation sites on 91 proteins and 99 down-regulated sites on 51 proteins in the GF mice compared to the SPF *** constructed a panoramic map of gut microbiota-regulated succinylation,acetylation,and phosphorylation,and identified cross-talk and relative independence between the different types of post-translational modifications in modulating complicated intracellular *** correlation analysis indicated that 13 taxa,predominantly belonging to the Bacteroidetes phylum,were correlated with the biological functions of post-translational *** correlations between these taxa and succinylation and negative correlations between these taxa and acetylation were identified in the modulation of intracellular *** study highlights the hippocampal physiological changes induced by the absence of gut microbiota,and proteomic quantification of succinylation,phosphorylation,and acetylation,contributing to our understanding of the role of the gut microbiome in brain function and behavioral phenotypes.

关键词： Gut microbiota Hippocampal protein Post-translational modifications Succinylation Acetylation Phosphorylation

Designing Symmetric Gradient Honeycomb Structures with Carbon‑Coated Iron‑Based Composites for High‑Efficiency Microwave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 224-241页

作者： Yu Zhang Shu‑Hao Yang Yue Xin Bo Cai peng‑Fei Hu Hai‑Yang Dai Chen‑Ming Liang Yun‑Tong Meng ji‑Hao Su Xiao‑Juan Zhang Min Lu Guang‑Sheng Wang School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191People’s Republic of China School of Electronics and Information Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002People’s Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132000People’s Republic of China College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048People’s Republic of China

The impedance matching of absorbers is a vital factor affecting their microwave absorption(MA)*** this work,we controllably synthesized Material of Institute Lavoisier 88C(MIL-88C)with varying aspect ratios(AR)as a precursor by regulating oil bath conditions,followed by one-step thermal decomposition to obtain carbon-coated iron-based *** the precursor MIL-88C(Fe)preparation conditions,such as the molar ratio between metal ions and organic ligands(M/O),oil bath temperature,and oil bath time,influenced the phases,graphitization degree,and AR of the derivatives,enabling low filler loading,achieving well-matched impedance,and ensuring outstanding MA *** MOF-derivatives 2(MD_(2))/polyvinylidene Difluoride(PVDF),MD_(3)/PVDF,and MD4/PVDF absorbers all exhibited excellent MA properties with optimal filler loadings below 20 wt%and as low as 5 wt%.The MD_(2)/PVDF(5 wt%)achieved a maximum effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.52 GHz(1.90 mm).The MD_(3)/PVDF(10 wt%)possessed a minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))value of−67.4 at 12.56 GHz(2.13 mm).A symmetric gradient honeycomb structure(SGHS)was constructed utilizing the high-frequency structure simulator(HFSS)to further extend the EAB,achieving an EAB of 14.6 GHz and a RL_(min) of−59.0 *** research offers a viable inspiration to creating structures or materials with high-efficiency MA properties.

关键词： MIL-88C(Fe) Fe/Fe_(3)O_(4)/Fe_(3)C@C Controllable preparation Symmetric gradient honeycomb structure Microwave absorbing

Decoupling of temporal/spatial broadening effects in Doppler wind LiDAR by 2D spectral analysis

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 447-452页

作者：刘珍张云鹏竹孝鹏刘继桥毕德仓陈卫标 Space Laser Engineering Department Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Pulse echo accumulation is commonly employed in coherent Doppler wind LiDAR(light detection and ranging)under the assumption of steady ***,the measured spectral data are analyzed in the time dimension and frequency dimension to cope with the temporal wind shear and achieve the optimal accumulation time.A hardware-efficient algorithm combining the interpolation and cross-correlation is used to enhance the wind retrieval accuracy by reducing the frequency sampling interval and then reduce the spectral width calculation ***,the temporal broadening effect and spatial broadening effect are decoupled according to the strategy we developed.

关键词： Doppler wind LiDAR spectral analysis hardware efficiency spectrum broadening effects

Effect of structural characteristics on the transport characteristics of solid particles in the thermal storage and release system of circulating fluidized bed

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 22-31页

作者： Zengcai ji Guoliang Song Zihua Tang Liwei Sun Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian116023China

Coal-fired power generation stands as the most economically viable modulating power source in present-day *** holds the potential to offer prospective solutions to the challenges posed by the rapid expansion of intermittent,unpredictable,and unstable renewable energy *** particle thermal storage technology emerges as an effective means to enhance the flexibility of coal-fired circulating fluidized bed power *** attain an optimized structure for the solid particle thermal storage and release system in circulating fluidized bed units,experimental research was conducted on a 0.1 MWth circulating fluidized bed test *** study delved into the impact of ash storage bin geometries and the shapes of their feed-discharge valves on the control properties of solid particle *** experimental outcomes reveal that employing inverted m-shaped valve and dual U-shaped valves for feed control,alongside U-shaped valves and N-shaped valves for discharge control,both enable efficient and rapid storage and release of solid particles within the circulating fluidized *** similar air distribution conditions,the inverted m-shaped valve exhibits lower conveying energy consumption than the dual U-shaped valves,while the N-shaped valve excels in control characteristics over the U-shaped ***,the inverted m-shaped valve and the N-shaped valve demonstrate optimal overflow port heights,and the ash storage bin exhibits an optimum height-to-diameter ratio.

关键词： Solid particle Thermal storage System structure Transport regulation

A molecular insight into coke formation process of vacuum residue in thermal cracking reaction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2130-2138页

作者： ji-Guang Li Xin Guo Huan-Di Hou Heavy Oil Processing Department Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.LtdBeijing100083China

Understanding the coking behaviors has been considered to be really essential for developing better vacuum residue processing technologies.A battery of thermal cracking tests of typical vacuum residue at 410℃ with various reaction time were performed to evaluate the coke formation *** total yields of ideal components including naphtha,atmospheric gas oil(AGO)and vacuum gas oil(VGO)of thermal cracking reactions increased from 10.89%to 40.81%,and the conversion ratios increased from8.05%to 43.33%with increasing the reaction time from 10 to 70 *** asphaltene content increased from 12.14%to a maximum of 22.39%and then decreased,and this maximum of asphaltene content occurred at the end of the coking induction *** asphaltenes during the coking induction period,at the end and after coking induction period of those tested thermal cracking reactions were characterized to disclose the structure changing rules for coke formation process,and the coke formation pathways were discussed to reveal the coke formation process at molecular level.

关键词： Vacuum residue Thermal cracking Asphaltene Coking induction period Sulfur Nitrogen

Deep reinforcement learning based active surge control for aeroengine compressors

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 418-438页

作者： Xinglong ZHANG Zhonglin LIN Runmin ji Tianhong ZHANG College of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

This study proposes an active surge control method based on deep reinforcement learning to ensure the stability of compressors when adhering to the pressure rise command across the wide operating range of an ***,the study establishes the compressor dynamic model with uncertainties,disturbances,and Close-Coupled Valve(CCV)actuator *** upon this foundation,a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process(POMDP)is defined to facilitate active surge *** address the issue of unobservability,a nonlinear state observer is designed using a finite-time high-order sliding ***,an Improved Soft Actor-Critic(ISAC)algorithm is developed,incorporating prioritized experience replay and adaptive temperature parameter techniques,to strike a balance between exploration and convergence during *** addition,reasonable observation variables,error-segmented reward functions,and random initialization of model parameters are employed to enhance the robustness and generalization ***,to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method,numerical simulations are conducted,and it is compared with the fuzzy adaptive backstepping method and Second-Order Sliding Mode Control(SOSMC)*** simulation results demonstrate that the deep reinforcement learning based controller outperforms other methods in both tracking accuracy and ***,the proposed active surge controller can effectively ensure stable operation of compressors in the high-pressure-ratio and high-efficiency region.

关键词： Aeroengine surge Active surge control Moore-Greitzer model Deep reinforcement learning Soft actor-critic Nonlinear observer