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Silent circulation of poliovirus in small populations

Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第4期2卷 431-440页

作者： celeste Vallejo James Keesling James Koopman Burton Singer Department of mathematics 1400 Stadium RdUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States School of Public Health 1415 Washington HeightsAnn ArborMI 48109-2029United States Emerging Pathogens Institute University of FloridaP.O.Box 1000092055 Mowry RoadGainesvilleFL 32610United States University of Florida Department of MathematicsUnited States University of Michigan Department of EpidemiologyUnited States Emerging Pathogens Institute at the University of Florida United States

Background:Small populations that have been isolated by conflict make vaccination and surveillance difficult,threatening polio eradication.Silent circulation is caused by asymptomatic infections.It is currently not clear whether the dynamics of waning immunity also influence the risk of silent circulation in the absence of vaccination.Such circulation can,nevertheless,be present following a declaration of elimination as a result of inadequate acute flaccid paralysis surveillance(AFPS)or environmental surveillance(ES).Methods:We have constructed a stochastic model to understand how stochastic effects alter the ability of small populations to sustain virus circulation in the absence of vaccination.We analyzed how the stochastic process determinants of the duration of silent circulation that could have been detected by ES were affected by R0,waning dynamics,population size,and AFPS sensitivity in a discrete individual stochastic model with homogeneous contagiousness and random mixing.We measured the duration of silent circulation both by the interval between detected acute flaccid paralysis(AFP)cases and the duration of circulation until elimination.Results:As R0 increased and population size increased,the interval between detected AFP cases and the duration of circulation until elimination increased.As AFPS detection rates decreased,the interval between detected AFP cases increased.There was up to a 22%chance of silent circulation lasting for more than 3 years with 100%AFP detection.The duration of silent circulation was not affected by the waning immunity dynamics.Conclusion:We demonstrated that small populations have the potential to sustain prolonged silent circulation.Surveillance in these areas should be intensified before declaring elimination.To further validate these conclusions,it is necessary to realistically relax the simplifying assumptions about mixing and waning.

关键词： Poliovirus Silent circulation Acute flaccid paralysis surveillance Microsimulation model Gillespie algorithm

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Chronic treatment with anesthetic propofol attenuates β-amyloid protein levels in brain tissues of aged mice

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 46-52页

作者： Yiying Zhang Haijun Shao Yuanlin Dong celeste A Swain Buwei Yu Weiming Xia Zhongcong Xie Geriatric Anesthesia Research Unit Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School14913th St.Room 4310CharlestownMA 02129-2060USA Department of Anesthesiology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine200025 ShanghaiP.R.China Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Research and Development Service and Geriatric ResearchEducation and Clinical CenterBedfordMA 01730UK

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia.At the present time,however,AD still lacks effective treatments.Our recent studies showed that chronic treatment with anesthetic propofol attenuated brain caspase-3 activation and improved cognitive function in aged mice.Accumulation ofβ-amyloid protein(Aβ)is a major component of the neuropathogenesis of AD dementia and cognitive impairment.We therefore set out to determine the effects of chronic treatment with propofol on Aβlevels in brain tissues of aged mice.Propofol(50 mg/kg)was administrated to aged(18 month-old)wild-type mice once a week for 8 weeks.The brain tissues of mice were harvested one day after the final propofol treatment.The harvested brain tissues were then subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western blot analysis.Here we report that the propofol treatment reduced Aβ(Aβ40 and Aβ42)levels in the brain tissues of the aged mice.Moreover,the propofol treatment decreased the levels ofβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme(the enzyme for Aβgeneration),and increased the levels of neprilysin(the enzyme for Aβdegradation)in the brain tissues of the aged mice.These results suggested that the chronic treatment with propofol might reduce brain Aβlevels potentially via decreasing brain levels ofβ-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme,thus decreasing Aβgeneration;and via increasing brain neprilysin levels,thus increasing Aβdegradation.These preliminary findings from our pilot studies have established a system and postulated a new hypothesis for future research.

关键词： Aging Alzheimer’s disease Neurodegeneration β-amyloid peptide Anesthesia Propofol

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Short and long term outcomes of 200 patients supported by continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第11期7卷 792-800页

作者： Athanasios Tsiouris Gaetano Paone Hassan W Nemeh Jamil Borgi celeste T Williams David E Lanfear Jeffrey A Morgan Section of Cardiac Surgery Yale University School of Medicine Division of Cardiac Surgery Heart and Vascular InstituteHenry Ford Hospital

AIM: To study the institutional experience over 8 years with 200 continuous-flow(CF)- left ventricular assist devices(LVAD).METHODS: We evaluated our institution's LVAD database and analyzed all patients who received a CF LVAD as a bridge to transplant(BTT) or destination therapy from march 2006 until June 2014. We identified 200 patients, of which 179 were implanted with a Heart mate II device(Thoratec Corp., Pleasanton, CA) and 21 received a Heartware HVAD(Heart Ware Inc., Framingham, ma).RESULTS: The mean age of our LVAD recipients was 59.3 years(range 17-81), 76%(152/200) were males, and 49% were implanted for the indication of BTT. The survival rate for our LVAD patients at 30 d, 6 mo, 12 mo, 2 years, 3 years, and 4 years was 94%, 86%, 78%, 71%, 62% and 45% respectively. The mean duration of LVAD support was 581 d(range 2-2595 d). Gastrointestinal bleeding(was the most common adverse event(43/200, 21%), followed by right ventricular failure(38/200, 19%), stroke(31/200, 15%), re exploration for bleeding(31/200, 15%),ventilator dependent respiratory failure(19/200, 9%) and pneumonia(15/200, 7%). Our driveline infection rate was 7%. Pump thrombosis occurred in 6% of patients. Device exchanged was needed in 6% of patients. On multivariate analysis, preoperative liver dysfunction, ventilator dependent respiratory failure, tracheostomy and right ventricular failure requiring right ventricular assist device support were significant predictors of post LVAD survival.CONCLUSION: Short and long term survival for patients on LVAD support are excellent, although outcomes still remain inferior compared to heart transplantation. The incidence of driveline infections, pump thrombosis and pump exchange have declined significantly in recent years.

关键词： Left ventricular assist device Outcomes Heart fail

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Chronic Administration of the Resveratrol or N-PEP-12 Ameliorates the Endothelial Dysfunction in Aging Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2014年第1期5卷 69-74页

作者： Gonzalo Flores Josue Hernández-Cabrera celeste Santamaria-Juarez Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque Elizabeth Monserrat-Hernández ma. De Jesús Gómez-Villalobos Jorge Flores-Hernández Fausto Atonal-Flores José Gustavo López-López Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México. Instituto de Fisiología Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Instituto de Fisiología Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México

Here we investigated the effects of chronic treated with resveratrol, a polyphenol (3,4’,5-trihydroxystilbene) found in more than 70 plant species and food products such as red grapes, berries and peanuts, or N-PEP-12, a mix of peptides, on arteries in aging rats. Aging rats have shown endothelial dysfunction. Aged Sprague-Dawley rats (18 months old) were treated with resveratrol (20 mg/kg/day by gavage) or N-PEP-12 (60 mg/kg/day by gavage) for 10 weeks. 24 hours after the last administration of resveratrol or N-PEP-12, the animals were weighed and diastolic and systolic blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff plethysmography. Thoracic and abdominal aorta artery segments were obtained from resveratrol-, N-PEP-12-and vehicle-treated rats and were mounted in isometric tension for isolated vessels. We found that resveratrol and N-PEP-12 improved acetylcholine-induced relaxation in the old animals. These results suggest that chronic administration of resveratrol or N-PEP-12 may in part reduce endothelial dysfunction in the aging.

关键词： Resveratrol N-PEP-12 Aging Vascular Endothelium Blood Pressure

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Nat Genet:单基因突变导致过敏性皮炎的发生

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第27期17卷 I0004-I0004页

作者： Chi A ma, Yuan Zhang, Michael A Weinreich, Jonathan J Lyons, celeste G Nelson, Thomas Dimaggio, Kelly D Stone, Joshua D Milner Jeffrey R Stinson, Elisa Ruffo, Batsukh Dorjbal, Swadhinya Arjunaraja, Kelsey Voss, Andrew L Snow Jordan K Abbott, Pia J Hauk, Paul R Reynolds, Erwin W Gelfand Elisa Ruffo Salomé Glauzy, Natsuko Yamakawa, Eric Meffre Jennifer Stoddard, Julie Niemela, Sergio D Rosenzweig Yu Zhang, Helen F matthews Joshua J McElwee Nina Jones Alejandro Palma, matías Oleastro, Emma Prieto, Andrea R Bernasconi, Geronimo Dubra, Silvia Danielian, Jonathan Zaiat, marcelo A marti Brian Kim Megan A Cooper Neil Romberg Laboratory of Allergic Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda Maryland USA Immunodeficiency Diagnosis and Treatment Program Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health Denver Colorado USA Department of Translational Medicine University of Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy Department of Immunobiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA Immunology Service Department of Laboratory Medicine NIH Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Human Immunological Disease Section National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA Merck Research Laboratories Merck and Co. Inc. Boston Massachusetts USA Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program Leidos Biomedical Research Inc. NCI Campus at Frederick Frederick Maryland USA Servicio de Immunología y Reumatología Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan Buenos Aires Argentina Division of Dermatology Department of Medicine Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri USA Department of Pediatrics Division of Rheumatology and Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri USA Department of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA.

最近，研究者们鉴定出了一类导致神经性皮炎发生的关键基因突变：CARDll。来自美国NIH过敏与传染病研究所的研究者们通过对四个没有血缘关系的患病家庭进行分析，发现了这一导致疾病产生的基因、

关键词：过敏性皮炎基因突变 Nat 神经性皮炎血缘关系研究所传染病 NIH

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论《无声告白》中人物的生存焦虑——以罗洛·梅的存在主义心理学为视角

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湖北开放职业学院学报 2019年第18期32卷 181-182页

作者：马丽娟郑州工业应用技术学院

美籍华裔女作家伍绮诗的处女作《无声告白》充斥着无处不在的焦虑.本文借助存在主义心理学家罗洛·梅的存在主义心理学理论剖析《无声告白》中的人物的种种精神焦虑,揭示出焦虑的内在根源在于人物自我价值遭到威胁、自我存在感的丧失,... 详细信息

美籍华裔女作家伍绮诗的处女作《无声告白》充斥着无处不在的焦虑.本文借助存在主义心理学家罗洛·梅的存在主义心理学理论剖析《无声告白》中的人物的种种精神焦虑,揭示出焦虑的内在根源在于人物自我价值遭到威胁、自我存在感的丧失,它与社会、文化、政治密切相关.小说展现了华裔跨族家庭的生存困境,表达了作者对这种现象的关注与反思,具有强烈的现实意义.

关键词：《无声告白》存在主义心理学焦虑自我存在

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