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Open.Journ.l of Medical Microbiology 2016年第1期6卷 42-52页

作者： catherine n. mwangi Gun.uru Revathi An.e W. Muigai Samuel Kariuki Jomo Ken.atta Un.versity of Agriculture an. Techn.logy Nairobi Kenya Aga Khan.Un.versity Hospital Nairobi Kenya Ken.a Medical Research In.titute Nairobi Kenya

Backgroun.: Streptococcus pn.umon.ae (pn.umococcus) is on. of the most frequen. causes of bacterial in.ection.in.children.an. is a leadin. cause of otitis, sin.sitis, pn.umon.a, an. men.n.itis worldwide. n.sopharyn.eal colon.zation.is a risk factor for pn.umococcal disease, a leadin. cause of complication. an. death in.in.an.s. HIV-in.ected person. are at high risk of in.asive pn.umococcal disease. Method: n.sopharyn.eal swabs were collected from 296 HIV in.ected children.below five years recruited from Gertrude’s Children.hospital an. n.zareth Hospital n.irobi, Ken.a. The n.sopharyn.eal swabs were processed to isolate S. pn.umon.ae, which were serotyped an. tested for drug susceptibility. Results: The carriage prevalen.e of S. pn.umon.ae in.the study was 30.4% while the isolated serotypes were (in.order of decreasin. frequen.y): 35B, 19F, 3, 13, 15A, 11A, 16F, 7C an. 23A. Most of the serotypes were resistan. to the common.y used an.ibiotics but all were susceptible to van.omycin.an. chloramphen.col. Con.lusion. Carriage prevalen.e of n.sopharyn.eal S. pn.umon.a in.HIV in.ected children.was lower than.that of similar prevalen.e studies in.children. Most of the S. pn.umon.ae isolates were however n.n.pn.umococcal vaccin. isolates.

关键词： Streptococcus pn.umon.ae n.sopharyn. Serotypes HIV Children PCV

Prevalen.e an. En.oscopic Fin.in.s of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>In.ection.amon. Dyspeptic Patien.s in.Ken.a

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Open.Journ.l of Medical Microbiology 2020年第4期10卷 233-242页

作者： catherine n. mwangi Stephen.n.oroge Allan.Rajula Ahmed Lavin. Rose Kamen.a Smita Devan. An.rew n.erere Gun.uru Revathi Departmen. of Medical Microbiology an. Parasitology School of Medicine Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Biomedical Scien.es an. Techn.logy The Technical University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya Aga Khan.Un.versity Hospital Nairobi Kenya Departmen. of Medical Microbiology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Backgroun.: Helicobacter pylori is the most common.cause of chron.c human.in.ection. worldwide with the highest reported prevalen.e in.Africa. It is associated with n.merous upper gastroin.estin.l diseases such as gas... 详细信息

Background: Helicobacter pylori is the most common cause of chronic human infections worldwide with the highest reported prevalence in Africa. It is associated with numerous upper gastrointestinal diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Endoscopic findings in the stomach usually associated with Helicobacter pylori infections include gastritis and gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), however, these findings are suggestive but not diagnostic of Helicobacter pylori infection. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted between January 2018 and February 2019 at the Aga Khan University Hospital where dyspeptic patients scheduled for gastroduodenoscopy were enrolled. These patients were evaluated for Helicobacter pylori infection by rapid urease test, culture and histopathology. Diagnostic findings and patient history collected from medical files wn.ere documented and data analyzed. Results:n.style="fon.-family:Verdan.;"> A total of 487 dyspeptic patien.s un.ergoin. esophagogastroduoden.scopy (EGD) were en.olled in.the study an. 199 dyspeptic patien.s were posi

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Dyspepsia Esophagogastroduoden.scopy (EGD) Histopathological Examin.tion

Gen.tic variation.amon.st biotypes of Dactylopius tomen.osus

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In.ect Scien.e 2015年第3期22卷 360-374页

作者： catherine W. Mathen.e Markus Riegler G. An.rew C. Beattie Robert n. Spoon.r-Hart Paul Holford School of Scien.e an. Health University of Western Sydney (Hawkesbury Campus) Hawkesbury In.titute for the En.iron.en. University of Western Sydney Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSW 2751 Australia

The tomen.ose cochin.al scale in.ect, Dactylopius tomen.osus （Lamarck）（Hemiptera： Dactylopiidae）, is an.importan. biological con.rol agen. again.t in.asive species of Cylin.ropun.ia （Caryophyllales： Cactaceae）. Recen. studies have demon.trated that this scale is composed of host-affiliated biotypes with differen.ial host specificity an. fitn.ss on.particular host species. We in.estigated gen.tic variation.an. phylogen.tic rela-tion.hips amon. D. tomen.osus biotypes an. proven.n.es to examin. the possibility that gen.tic diversity may be related to their host-use pattern. an. whether their phylogen.tic relation.hips would give in.ights in.o taxon.mic relatedn.ss of their host plan.s. n.cleotide sequen.e comparison.was accomplished usin. sequen.es of the mitochon.rial cytochrome c oxidase I （COI） gen.. Sequen.es of in.ividuals from the same host plan. within.a region.were iden.ical an. characterized by a un.que haplotype. In.ividuals belon.in. to the same biotype but from differen. region. had similar haplotypes. However, haplotypes were n.t shared between.differen. biotypes. Phylogen.tic an.lysis grouped the mon.phyletic D. tomen.osus in.o 3 well-resolved clades of biotypes. The phylogen.tic relation.hips an. clusterin. of biotypes correspon.ed with kn.wn.taxon.mic relatedn.ss of their hosts. Two biotypes, Fulgida an. Mamillata, tested positive for Wolbachia （α-Proteobacteria）, a common.en.osymbion. of in.ects. The Wolbachia sequen.es were seren.ipitously detected by usin. in.ect-specific COI Dn. barcodin. primers an. are most similar to Wolbachia Supergroup F strain.. This study is the first molecular characterization.of cochin.al biotypes that, together with Wolbachia sequen.es, con.ribute to the better iden.ification.of the biotypes of cochin.al in.ects an. to the biological con.rol of cacti usin. host-specific biotypes of the scale.

关键词： biotypes Cylin.ropun.ia spp. Dactylopiidae Hemiptera tomen.ose cochin.al scale Wolbachia spp.

Formation.of Exten.ed Covalen.ly Bon.ed n. Porphyrin.n.tworks on.the Au（lll） Surface

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n.n. Research 2011年第4期4卷 376-384页

作者： Sergey A. Krasn.kov catherine M. Doyle n.talia n. Sergeeva Alexei B. Preobrajen.ki n.kolay A.Vin.gradov Yulia n. Sergeeva Alexei A. Zakharov Mathias O. Sen.e Attilio A. Cafolla School of Physical Scien.es Dublin City University Glasnevin Dublin 9 Ireland Cen.re tbr Research on.Adaptive n.n.structures an. n.n.devices （CRAn.） School of Physics Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland SFI Tetrapyrrole Laboratory School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland MAX-Lab Lund University Box 118 22100 Lund Sweden

The growth an. orderin. of {5,10,15,20-tetrakis（4-bromophen.l）porphyrin.to}n.ckel（II）（n.TBrPP） molecules on.the Au（111） surface have been.in.estigated usin. scan.in. tun.ellin. microscopy, X-ray absorption. core-level photoemission. an. microbeam low-en.rgy electron.diffraction. When.deposited on.o the substrate at room temperature, the n.TBrPP forms a well-ordered close-packed molecular layer in.which the molecules have a flat orien.ation.with the porphyrin.macrocycle plan. lyin. parallel to the substrate. An.ealin. of the n.TBrPP layer on.the Au（111） surface at 525 K leads to dissociation.of bromin. from the porphyrin.followed by the formation.of covalen. bon.s between.the phen.l substituen.s of the porphyrin. This results in.the formation.of con.in.ous covalen.ly bon.ed porphyrin.n.tworks, which are stable up to 800 K an. can.be recovered after exposure to ambien. con.ition.. By con.rollin. the experimen.al con.ition., a robust, exten.ed porphyrin.n.twork can.be prepared on.the Au（111） surface that has man. poten.ial application. such as protective coatin.s, in.sen.in. or as a host structure for molecules an. clusters.

关键词： Porphyrin. covalen.ly bon.ed n.tworks scan.in. tun.ellin. microscopy X-ray photoemission.spectroscopy n.ar-edge X-ray absorption.fin. structure Au(111)

Variation.of morphological an. leaf stoichiometric traits of two en.emic species alon. the elevation.gradien. of Moun. Ken.a, East Africa

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Journ.l of Plan. Ecology 2020年第6期13卷 785-792页

作者： An.on. n.Waigwa Brian.n.oroge mwangi Gituru R.Wahiti Fred Omen.o Yadon. Zhou Qin.fen. Wan. Key Laboratory of Plan. Germplasm En.an.emen. an. Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Un.versity of Chin.se Academy of Scien.es Beijing 100049China Sin.-Africa Join. Research Cen.er(SAJOREC) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyJujaNairobi 00200Kenya Departmen. of Biodiversity Research Kenya Wildlife ServiceNairobi 00100Kenya Cen.er of Con.ervation.Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Sin.-Africa Join. Research Cen.er(SAJOREC) Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China

Aims The aim of this paper is to assess morphological an. leaf stoichiometric respon.es of Den.rosen.cio ken.en.is an. Lobelia gregorian. to extreme en.iron.en.al con.ition. alon. an.elevation.gradien. in.tropical *** In.this study,we assessed the variation.of the morphological traits,in.ludin. plan. height,leaf area,leaf thickn.ss,leaf dry weight,specific leaf area an. the leaf stoichiometry traits n.trogen.carbon.an. phosphorous of the two en.emic species *** an. *** further explored the relation. of these morphological traits to soil organ.c carbon.soil total n.trogen.soil phosphorous,an.ual mean.temperature,an.ual mean.precipitation.an.ual total solar radiation.water vapor pressure an. the topographic variables aspect,slope an. hill shade alon. the elevation.*** 10 m×10 m samplin. plots were set up alon. the elevation.gradien. ran.in. from 3500 to 4300 *** used 1 km×1 km grid cells to rasterize our study area in.ArcGIS 10.5 for easy access to data pertain.n. to the climate of each elevation.*** performed lin.ar regression.of the morphological an. leaf stoichiometric traits with elevation.as explan.tory *** con.ucted correlation.an.lysis on.the morphological an. leaf stoichiometric traits with climatic,soil an. topographic variables alon. the elevation.*** Fin.in.s Den.rosen.cio ken.en.is had wool-like pubescen. leaves while *** had mucilage packed succulen. an. waxy cuticle leaves to avoid *** species exhibited reduced metabolic rates as shown.by the low leaf phosphorous *** results also showed that chan.es in.morphology an. leaf stoichiometry were determin.d by a combin.tion.of climate,soil an. topographic variables that chan.e alon. elevation.on.Moun. *** observed variation. in.the morphological an. leaf stoichiometric traits of *** an. ***,which grow side by side alon. the elevation.gradien.,were in.erpreted as adaptation.to the harsh en

关键词： Africa elevation.gradien. fun.tion.l traits adaptability climate chan.e

Sol–gel La2O3–ZrO2 mixed oxide catalysts for biodiesel production

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Journ.l of En.rgy Chemistry 2018年第2期27卷 565-572页

作者： Dan.ela Salin.s catherine Sepúlveda n.stor Escalon. J.L.GFierro Gin. Pecchi Departamen.o de Fisicoquimica. Facultad de Cien.ias Quimicas Universidad de Concepcion Post Office 160-C Concepcion Chile Departamen.o de Quimica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad del Biobio Post Office 5-C Concepcion Chile Departamen.o In.en.eria Quimica y Bioprocesos Escuela de lngenieria Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Avda. Vicuria Mackenna 4870 Maeul Santiago 7820436 Chile Cen.ro de In.estigacion.en.n.n.tecn.lagia y Materiales Avan.ados (CIEn.UC) Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Post Office 306 Santiago Chile Departamen.o de Quimica Fisica Facultad de Quimica Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Post Offce 306 Santiago Chile In.tituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica CSIC 28049 Madrid. Espana

Differen. La2O3 con.en.s（0, 1, 2, 3, an. 5 wt%） were used to prepared La2O3-ZrO2 mixed oxides calcin.d at 600 ℃ by the sol-gel method. The catalytic activity was measured as biodiesel production.from can.la oil through a tran.esterification.reaction. The characterization.results in.icate that the La2O3 mon.layer formation.an. exten. of basicity of m-ZrO2 have a large in.luen.e on.biodiesel *** biodiesel con.ersion.56% at 4 h） was obtain.d with the 3% La2O3-ZrO2 catalyst in.the presen.e of basic sites an. the formation.of a mon.layer of La2O3. The decrease in.the catalytic activity for 5% La2O3-ZrO2 resulted from the loss of active sites on.the catalyst because of agglomeration. which was suggested by XPS an. the isoelectric poin.. The kin.tic data fit to a pseudo-first order con.tan., an. the largest kin.tic con.tan. correspon.s to 3% La2O3-ZrO2, curren.ly the largest heterogen.ous n.n.alkalin. metal catalyst reported for a tran.esterification.reaction.

关键词： La2O3 -ZrO2 Sol-gel Biodiesel Can.la oil Tran.esterification

Optimization.of Specific Draft Requiremen. an. Hitch Len.th for an.An.mal Drawn.Sub-Soiler: A Case of San.y Clay Loam Soils

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Open.Journ.l of Optimization 2019年第3期8卷 83-99页

作者： n.codemus K. Mwon.a Ayub n. Gitau Joackim M. Mutua Simon.T. mwangi Departmen. of En.iron.en.al an. Biosystems En.in.erin. University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

This study aimed at optimizin. tillage depth an. hitchin. len.th for optimal draft requiremen. in.san.y clay loam soils for an.mal drawn.subsoiler. Field experimen.s were con.ucted to collect draft datasets usin. the MSI 7300 digital dyn.mometer commun.catin. remotely with MSI-8000 RF data logger con.ected to a laptop through the serial port. To determin. the n.meric values of soil parameters pertin.n. to subsoilin., field experimen.s, laboratory tests an. n.merical an.lysis techn.ques were employed. For a specified speed, a combin.tion.of three hitch len.ths of 2.5 m, 3.0 m an. 3.5 m an. three depths from 0 cm to 30 cm with a ran.e of 10 cm in.erval was used. Soil bulk den.ity was foun. to vary between.1.52 to 1.37 g/cm3 an. 1.44 to 1.67 g/cm3 for Machakos an. Kitui experimen.al plots respectively. Soil moisture con.en. in.reased with an.in.rease in.depth ran.in. from 3.53% to 9.94% for Machakos site an. from 4.15% to 9.61% for Kitui site. Soil shear stren.th parameters ran.ed between.21.71 an. 29.6 kPa between.depths of 0 - 20 cm an. decreased to 28.07 kPa for depths beyon. 20 cm at Machakos experimen.al plot;while for Kitui experimen.al plot, it ran.ed between.30.02 an. 39.29 kPa between.depths of 0 - 30 cm. A secon.-order quadratic expression.of the form y = ax2 + bx + c was obtain.d for the relation.hip between.specific draft an. depth at given.hitchin. len.th as well as specific draft again.t hitchin. len.th at a given.depth. The optimal hitchin. len.th an. tillage depth for Machakos experimen.al plot were obtain.d as 2.9 m (~3 m) an. 16.5 cm respectively. In.Kitui experimen.al site, the optimal hitchin. len.th was obtain.d as 2.9 m (~3 m) an. the optimal tillage depth was 15.4 cm.

关键词： Soil Resistan.e Specific Draft Hitchin. Len.th Subsoilin. Depth An.mal Power

Modelin. impacts of climate chan.e on.the poten.ial distribution.of six en.emic baobab species in.Madagascar

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Plan. Diversity 2021年第2期43卷 117-124页

作者： Jun.n.n.Wan.n.un.u J.Mbari Shen.-Wei Wan. Bin. Liu Brian.n.mwangi Jean.R.E.Rasoarahon. Hai-Pin. Xin.Ya-Don. Zhou Qin.-Fen. Wan. Key Laboratory of Plan. Germplasm En.an.emen. an. Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei430074PR China State Key Laboratory of Systematic an. Evolution.ry Botan. Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093PR China Un.versity of Chin.se Academy of Scien.es Beijing100049PR China Sin.-Africa Join. Research Cen.er Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei430074PR China High School of Agricultural Scien.es University of AntananarivoP.O.Box 175Madagascar

Madagascar,a globally ren.wn.d biodiversity hotspot characterized by high rates of en.emism,is on. of the few remain.n. refugia for man. plan.s an. an.mal ***,global climate chan.e has greatly affected the n.tural ecosystem an. en.emic species livin. in.Madagascar,an. will likely con.in.e to in.luen.e species distribution.in.the *** is home to six en.emic baobab(Adan.on.a spp.,Bombacoideae[Malvaceae])species(Adan.on.a gran.idieri,***,***,***,***,***),which are remarkable an. en.an.ered *** study aimed to model the curren. distribution.of suitable habitat for each baobab species en.emic to Madagascar an. determin. the effect that climate chan.e will have on.suitable baobab habitat by the years 2050 an. *** distribution.was modeled usin. MaxEn. based on.locality in.ormation.of 245 occurren.e sites of six species from both on.in. database an. our own.field work.A total of seven.climatic variables were used for the modelin. *** presen. distribution.of all six Madagascar's baobabs was largely in.luen.ed by temperature-related *** both expan.ion.an. con.raction.of suitable habitat are predicted for all species,loss of origin.l suitable habitat is predicted to be *** the most widespread Madagascar baobab,***,more than.40%of its origin.l habitat is predicted to be lost because of climate *** on.these fin.in.s,we recommen. that areas predicted to con.ract in.respon.e to climate chan.e should be design.ted key protection.region. for baobab con.ervation.

关键词： Madagascar Adan.on.a Climate chan.e MaxEn. Poten.ial distribution

Depressive Disorders Amon. Women.Livin. in.Resource Poor,n.rthern.Ken.a:The Role of Psycho-education

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Psychology Research 2018年第12期8卷 587-593页

作者： Gladys Kabura mwangi Africa In.ern.tion.l Un.versity NairobiKenya

This paper highlights the fin.in.s of a dissertation.research which aimed to determin. the effectiven.ss of a model of psycho-education.PE)developed for this study,in.treatin. the symptoms of depressive disorders amon. Maasai women.livin. in.resource poor settin.s in.Laikipia Coun.y,in.n.rthern.*** quasi-experimen.al research design.with an.experimen.al group(EG)an. con.rol group(CG)was adopted for this *** target population.for this study were 686 female members of Con.ervation.En.erprise Groups(CEG)operatin. in.the area.A sample size of 200 was selected for the study;(EG,n.100)an.(CG,n.100),at 80%power an. 30%effective *** tool used to test for symptoms of depression.was the Beck’s Depression.In.en.ory(BDI).The PE was provided as an.in.erven.ion.treatmen. to the EG at the middle an. en. of the study,after which the respon.en.s were tested for symptoms of *** prevalen.e of depression.was established at 26.7%an. statistical tests con.ucted throughout the studies showed that the PE treatmen. sign.fican.ly improved depression.symptoms(Pn.t treated usin.,they degen.rated in.o severe *** was an.lysed usin. SPSS Version.21.0.

关键词： psycho-education treatmen. for depressive disorders Maasai women n.rthern Ken.a

Depression.An.iety Amon. Women.in.n.rthern.Ken.a:Sociodemographic Predictors

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Psychology Research 2024年第2期14卷 57-63页

作者： Gladys Kabura mwangi John.on.Coun.y Commun.ty College.Kan.as USA

This article documen.s socio-demographic predictors of an.iety an. depression.amon. Maasai women.in.resource poor settin.s in.n.rthern.*** fin.in.s emerged from the fin.in.s of a dissertation.research that aimed to establish the treatmen. effectiven.ss of an.eclectic model of psychoeducation.PE)in.treatin. depressive an. an.iety symptoms amon. the *** study adopted a quasi-experimen.al research design.which had an.experimen.al group(EG)an. con.rol group(CG).The population.for the study was 686 female members of Con.ervation.En.erprise Groups(CEG)in.Laikipia Coun.y,from which a sample of 200 were recruited for the study(EG,n.100 an. CG,n.100),at 80%power an. 30%effective *** Beck’s Depression.In.en.ory(BDI)an. Beck’s An.iety In.en.ory(BAI)tools were used to assess the symptoms of depression.an. an.iety,*** PE was provided as an.in.erven.ion.treatmen. to the EG at the middle an. en. of the study,after which the respon.en.s were tested for symptoms of *** study established the prevalen.e of depression.as 26.7%an. 31.3%for an.iety an. disorders,amon. women.in.the *** was an.lyzed usin. SPSS Version.21.0.

关键词： sociodemographic an.iety depression predictors Maasai women n.rthern.Ken.a