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Optimisation of the DNA dipstick as a rapid extraction method for Schistosoma japonicum in infected mice samples and spiked human clinical samples

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 108-108页

作者： Oyime P.Aula Donald P.McManus Malcolm K.Jones Hong You Pengfei Cai catherine a.gordon Molecular Parasitology Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane Australia School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

BackgroundSchistosomiasis remains a public health issue and the need for accurate and affordable diagnostics is crucial in the elimination of the disease. While molecular diagnostics are highly effective, they are expensive, with the main costs been associated with DNA extraction. The DNA dipstick is a rapid, affordable and simple purification method that allows DNA to be extracted from diagnostic samples within 30 s. We aimed to optimise the DNA dipstick method for samples from mice and egg-spiked human ***, blood and faeces were collected from mice exposed to Schistosoma japonicum infection at weekly intervals from Day 0 to Day 42. Urine and faecal samples were also collected from volunteer, uninfected humans and spiked with S. japonicum eggs. All samples were subject to several optimisation procedures and DNA extracted with the DNA dipstick. Amplification of the target DNA was carried out using LAMP and visualised using agarose gel electrophoresis and *** DNA dipstick successfully identified S. japonicum from infected mice and human clinical samples spiked with cracked eggs or genomic DNA from S. japonicum. Amplification was observed from week 4 post infection in infected mice. For human samples, amplification was observed in sieved faecal samples, filtered urine samples heated at 95 ℃ for 30 min, and sera samples heated at 95℃ for 30 *** DNA dipstick combined with LAMP has huge potential in providing cost-effective, simple and accurate detection of schistosomiasis infection in endemic regions. This will allow for rapid treatment, tracking outbreaks—such as occur after typhoons, leading to better health outcomes and contributing to control and eventual elimination of schistosomiasis.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum DNA dipstick Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay Flocculation

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Real-time PCR diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in low transmission areas of China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 87-97页

作者： Pei He catherine a.gordon Gail M.Williams Yuesheng Li Yuanyuan Wang Junjian Hu Darren J.Gray Allen G.Ross Donald Harn Donald P.McManus Hunan Institute of Parasitic Diseases YueyangPeople’s Republic of China Molecular Parasitology Laboratory Infectious Diseases DivisionQIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia Discipline of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Population HealthUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Research School of Population Health The Australian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia University of Georgia College of Veterinary MedicineAthensGAUSA.

Background:Schistosomiasis in the People’s Republic of China(PRC)can be traced back to *** the past 60 years,the Chinese government has made great efforts to control this persistent disease with elimination slated by 2020 through the implementation of a comprehensive control *** strategy aims to reduce the role of bovines and humans as sources of infection as a pre-requisite for elimination through transmission *** goal of elimination will be achievable only by the implementation of a sustainable surveillance and control system,with sensitive diagnosis a key feature so that the true disease burden is not *** used diagnostics lack the necessary sensitivity to accurately determine the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas with low infection *** is of critical importance to find and treat people and to identify animals with low-level infections if the National Control Programme for China is to achieve schistosomiasis ***:We evaluated a real-time polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay using 633 human stool samples collected from five villages in Hunan,Anhui,Hubei,and Jiangxi provinces,and 182 bovine(70 cattle and 112 buffalo)stool samples obtained from four villages in Hunan,Anhui,and Jiangxi provinces in the *** stool samples were subjected to the miracidium hatching test(MHT,a diagnostic procedure used in the National Schistosomiasis Control Programme)and the qPCR *** positive by MHT were subjected to either the Kato-Katz technique for humans,or the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation-digestion(FEA-SD)procedure for bovines,to determine infection ***:The qPCR assay exhibited a high level of sensitivity in the detection of *** *** both the human and bovine samples,a significantly higher prevalence was determined using the qPCR assay(11.06%humans,24.73%bovines)than with the MHT(0.93%humans,7.69%bovines).The animal contamination

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma Japonicum China Real-time PCR Miracidium hatching test Kato-Katz FEA-SD Bovine Human

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The control of soil-transmitted helminthiases in the Philippines: the story continues

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第3期10卷 98-98页

作者： Mary Lorraine S.Mationg Veronica L.Tallo Gail M.Williams catherine a.gordon Archie C.A.Clements Donald P.McManus Darren J.Gray Department of Global Health Research School of Population HealthThe Australian National UniversityBuilding 62 Mills RdActon ACTCanberra 2601Australia 不详

Background:Soil-transmitted helminth(STH)infections have long been an important public health concern in the *** this review,we describe the current status of STH infections there and highlight the control efforts undertaken to reduce STH *** text:A nationwide STH mass drug administration(MDA)programme was started in 2006 but the overall STH prevalence remains stubbornly high across the Philippines,rangi ng from 24.9%to 97.4%.

关键词： Soil-transmitted helminths Epidemiology Control The Philippines

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Optimising soft tissue in-growth in vivo in additive layer manufactured osseointegrated transcutaneous implants

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Biomaterials Translational 2022年第4期3卷 243-249页

作者： Elena Giusto gordon Blunn Roberta Ferro de Godoy Chaozong Liu catherine Pendegrass Institute of Orthopaedic&Musculoskeletal Science University College LondonRoyal National Orthopaedic HospitalStanmoreUK Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University LondonLondonUK School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouthUK Writtle University College WrittleUK

Osseointegrated transcutaneous implants could provide an alternative and improved means of attaching artificial limbs for amputees,however epithelial down growth,inflammation,and infections are common failure modalities associated with their *** overcome these problems,a tight seal associated with the epidermal and dermal adhesion to the implant is *** could be achieved with specific biomaterials(that mimic the surrounding tissue),or a tissue-specific design to enhance the proliferation and attachment of dermal fibroblasts and *** intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prosthesis is a new device with a pylon and a flange,which is specifically designed for optimising soft tissue *** the flange has been fabricated using traditional machining techniques,however,the advent of additive layer manufacturing(ALM)has enabled 3-dimensional porous flanges with specific pore sizes to be used to optimise soft tissue integration and reduce failure of osseointegrated transcutaneous *** study aimed to investigate the effect of ALM-manufactured porous flanges on soft tissue ingrowth and attachment in an in vivo ovine model that replicates an osseointegrated percutaneous *** 12 and 24 weeks,epithelial downgrowth,dermal attachment and revascularisation into ALM-manufactured flanges with three different pore sizes were compared with machined controls where the pores were made using conventional *** pore sizes of the ALM flanges were 700,1000 and 1250μ*** hypothesised that ALM porous flanges would reduce downgrowth,improve soft tissue integration and revascularisation compared with machined *** results supported our hypothesis with significantly greater soft tissue integration and revascularisation in ALM porous flanges compared with machined controls.

关键词： in-vivo model ITAP orthopaedic implants osseointegrated transcutaneous implants

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Health-education to prevent COVID-19 in schoolchildren: a call to action

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第4期9卷 142-144页

作者： Darren J.Gray Johanna Kurscheid Mary Lorraine Mationg Gail M.Williams catherine gordon Matthew Kelly Kinley Wangdi Donald P.McManus Department of Global Health Research School of Population HealthAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia School of Public Health University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Infectious Diseases Division QIMR Berghofer Medical Research InstituteBrisbaneAustralia

Background:There is currently considerable international debate around school closures/openings and the role of children in the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Whilst evidence suggests that children are not impacted by COVID-19 as severely as adults,little is still known about their transmission potential,and with a lot of asymptomatic cases they may be silent transmitters(*** without showing clinical signs of disease),albeit at a lower level than *** relation to this,it is somewhat concerning that in many countries children are cared for,or are often in close contact with,older individuals such as grandparents—the age group most at risk of acquiring serious respiratory complications resulting in *** text:We emphasise that in the absence of a vaccine or an effective therapeutic drug,preventive measures such as good hygiene practices—hand washing,cough etiquette,disinfection of surfaces and social distancing represent the major(in fact only)weapons that we have against ***,we stress that there is a pressing need to develop specific COVID-19 prevention messages for ***:An entertainment education intervention for schoolchildren systematically implemented in schools would be highly effective and fill this *** such measures in place there would be greater confidence around the opening of schools.

关键词： COVID-19 Children Health education Health promotion Prevention

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An Assessment of Wakkerstroom Wetland and Its Vegetation Communities from 1938 to 2019

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第10期13卷 807-821页

作者： Victoria Alma Stockdale David gordon Furniss Mary catherine Scholes School of Animal Plant and Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

There are few studies on the size and changes in species composition over time for wetlands in South Africa. Techniques such as remote sensing have become popular in assisting the development of management plans due to their spatio-temporal advantages and easily reproducible vegetation and land cover maps. The Wakkerstroom wetland was examined using aerial photography to examine possible changes in the extent and Landsat imaging was used to map its vegetation communities. To assess the distribution of vegetation types on Wakkerstroom wetland, in situ recording of vegetation types and their GPS coordinates was conducted and a Random Forest model was used to predict vegetation types from Landsat pixel spectra across the wetland extent. As calculated from aerial photographs, the Wakkerstroom wetland has increased in extent by 0.483 km2 from 1938 to 2009. The P. australis population density increased significantly over time (r = 0.89), whereas the T. capensis population density had a strong negative correlation over time (r = -0.70). A strong negative relationship between P. australis and T. capensis existed (r = -0.88). A need exists to introduce a management tool that will create a greater mosaic of vegetation communities thus ensuring a greater bird, reptile, and amphibian diversity.

关键词： Phragmites australis Random Forest Remote Sensing Typha capensis Wakkerstroom Wetland

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Changes in feeding selectivity of freshwater invertebrates across a natural thermal gradient

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 231-242页

作者： Timothy A. C. gordon Joana NETO-CEREJEIRA Paula C. FUREY Eoin J. O'GORMAN Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Buckhurst Road Ascot Berkshire SL5 7PY UK Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Stocker Road Exeter EX4 4QD UK Department of Biology Saint Catherine University St Paul MN 55105 USA

Environmental warming places physiological constraints on organisms, which may be mitigated by their feeding behavior. Theory predicts that consumers should increase their feeding selectivity for more energetically valuable resources in warmer environments to offset the disproportionate increase in metabolic demand relative to ingestion rate. This may also result in a change in feeding strategy or a shift towards a more specialist diet. This study used a natural warming experiment to investigate temperature effects on the feeding selectivity of three freshwater invertebrate grazers： the snail Radix balthica, the blackfly larva Simulium aureum, and the midgefly larva Eukiefferiella minor. Chesson＇s Selectivity Index was used to compare the proportional abundance of diatom species in the guts of each invertebrate species with corresponding rock biofilms sampled from streams of different tem- perature. The snails became more selective in warmer streams, choosing high profile epilithic diatoms over other guilds and feeding on a lower diversity of diatom species. The blackfly larvae appeared to switch from active collector gathering of sessile high profile diatoms to more passive filter feeding of motile diatoms in warmer streams. No changes in selectivity were observed for the midgefly larvae, whose diet was representative of resource availability in the environment. These results suggest that key primary consumers in freshwater streams, which constitute a major portion of invertebrate biomass, can change their feeding behavior in warmer waters in a range of different ways. These patterns could potentially lead to fundamental changes in the flow of energy through freshwater food webs.

关键词： climate change global warming diet Lymnaea peregra Simuliidae Chironomidae

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Modular micro-PCR system for the onsite rapid diagnosis of COVID-19

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第4期8卷 125-136页

作者： Phuong Quoc Mai Nguyen Ming Wang Nelisha Ann Maria Adelicia Yongling Li Hsih Yin Tan gordon Minru Xiong Meng-Kwang Marcus Tan Ali Asgar S.Bhagat catherine W.M.Ong Chwee Teck Lim Institute for Health Innovation and Technology(iHealthtech) National University of SingaporeMD614 Medical Drive#14-01Singapore 117599Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Block 4#04-08Singapore 117583Singapore Advanced MedTech 2 Venture Drive#23-18 Vision ExchangeSingapore 608526Singapore Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme Department of MedicineYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeNUHS Tower Block1E Kent Ridge Road Level 11Singapore 119228Singapore

Effective containment of the COVID-19 pandemic requires rapid and accurate detection of the *** chain reaction(PCR)remains the gold standard for COVID-19 *** this article,we report the performance of a cost-effective modular microfluidic reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and RT-loop mediated isothermal amplification(RTLAMP)platform,Epidax®,for the point-of-care testing and confirmation of *** platform is versatile and can be reconfigured either for screening using endpoint RT-PCR or RT-LAMP tests or for confirmatory tests using realtime ***®is highly sensitive and detects as little as 1 RNA copy perµL for real-time and endpoint RT-PCR,while using only half of the *** achieved comparable results with those of a commercial platform when detecting SARS-CoV-2 viruses from 81 clinical RNA ***®can also detect SARS-CoV-2 from 44 nasopharyngeal samples without RNA extraction by using a direct RT-PCR assay,which shortens the sample-to-answer time to an hour with minimal user ***,we validated the technology using an RT-LAMP assay on 54 clinical RNA ***,our platform provides a sensitive,cost-effective,and accurate diagnostic solution for lowresource settings.

关键词： fir confirmation diagnosis

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对于有症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄且外科手术风险低至中危的患者，是选择经导管还是外科主动脉瓣置换：临床实践指南

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第1期21卷 40-46页

作者： Per O Vandvik catherine M Otto Reed A Siemieniuk Rodrigo Bagur gordon H Guyatt Lyubov Lytvyn Richard Whitlock Trond Vardal David Brieger Bert Aertgeerts Susanna Price Farid Foroutan Michael Shapiro Ray Mertz 郑骏楠李伟栋不详浙江大学医学院附属第一医院

对于有症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄且外科心脏手术风险相对较低的患者，微创操作同直视手术相比孰优孰劣？结合最近的一项临床试验结果，专家组根据3个相关综述文献提出了如下几条建议。

关键词：症状主动脉瓣狭窄外科手术患者

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