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Influence of the concentration of dietary digestible calcium on growth performance,bone mineralization, plasma calcium, and abundance of genes involved in intestinal absorption of calcium in pigs from 11 to 22 kg fed diets with different concentrations of

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 942-957页

作者： l.Vanessa lagos Su A.lee Guillermo Fondevila carrie l.Walk Michael R.Murphy Juan J.loor Hans H.Stein Division of Nutritional Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Universidad Politécnica de Madrid MadridSpain AB Vista Marlborough SN84ANUK

Background: A 21-day experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that Ca requirements to maximize growth performance expressed as the standardized total tract digestible(STTD) Ca to STTD P ratio is less than 1.40:1. The second hypothesis was that increasing dietary Ca increases plasma Ca concentration and downregulates abundance of genes related to Ca absorption(TRPV6, S100 G, and ATP2 B1) in the duodenum, and tight junction proteins(OClN, ClDN1, and ZO1) in the duodenum and ***: Twenty corn-soybean meal diets were formulated using a 4 × 5 factorial design with diets containing 0.16%, 0.33%, 0.42%, or 0.50% STTD P, and 0.14%, 0.29%, 0.44%, 0.59%, or 0.74% STTD Ca. Six hundred and forty pigs(initial weight: 11.1 ± 1.4 kg) were allotted to 20 diets and 5 blocks in a randomized complete block design. On day21, weights of pigs and feed left in feeders were recorded and blood, duodenal tissue, ileal mucosa, and the right femur were collected from 1 pig per pen. Abundance of m RNA was determined in duodenal and ileal tissue via quantitative RT-PCR. Data were analyzed using a response surface ***: The predicted maximum ADG(614 g), G:F(0.65), and bone ash(11.68 g) was obtained at STTD Ca:STTD P ratios of 1.39:1, 1.25:1, and 1.66:1, respectively, when STTD P was provided at the requirement(0.33%). If dietary STTD P was below the requirement, increasing dietary Ca resulted in reduced(P ly if dietary STTD Ca exceeded 0.6%. Plasma Ca concentration was positively affected by STTD Ca over the range studied(quadratic, P ly affected by increasing STTD P(linear, P linear negative effect(P lN, and ZO1 in duodenum, and ClDN and ZO1 in ***: The STTD Ca:STTD P ratio needed to maximize growth performanc

关键词： Bone ash Calcium absorption Digestible calcium Growth Pigs Requirement

多种代用资料和模型模拟得到的亚洲季风在8.2ka显著气候影响的证据（英文）

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地球环境学报 2011年第3期2卷 426-441页

作者： MORRIll carrie WAGNER Amy J OTTO-BlIESNER Bette l ROSENBlOOM Nan Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado NOAA's National Climatic Data Center Paleoclimatology Branch Climate and Global Dynamics Division National Center for Atmospheric Research

Given the likelihood of future reductions in the strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC),it is important to document how changes in the AMOC have altered climate patterns in the past and to assess the skill of coupled climate models in reproducing these *** past abrupt changes in the AMOC,the 8.2 ka event provides a particularly useful case study because its duration,magnitude of AMOC reduction and background climate state are closest to conditions expected in the *** this research,we present an expanded proxy synthesis of the 8.2 ka event in monsoonal Asia,including new high-resolution lake and bog records,more sites from the East Asia monsoon region and proxies of winter monsoon *** compare proxy evidence with a new simulation of the 8.2 ka event using the Community Climate System Model version 3(CCSM3) and prescribing North Atlantic freshwater forcing according to the latest *** find clear and objectively-determined evidence for 8.2 ka climate anomalies at nearly all of the fourteen proxy sites,emphasizing the strong and widespread impacts of the event in monsoonal Asia during both summer and winter *** model simulation corroborates that these anomalies,described generally as a weakening of the summer monsoon and strengthening of the winter monsoon,were likely caused by a reduction of the *** of regional anomalies in East Asia reveals some spatial heterogeneity,however,that in the model simulation is caused by contraction of the seasonal migration of the subtropical monsoon *** duration of climate anomalies at 8.2 ka in monsoonal Asia,both in proxy records and the model simulation,generally matches the duration of the event in Greenland ice core δ^(18)O,further supporting a tight connection to the North Atlantic.

关键词： abrupt climate change coupled climate model Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation freshwater forcing Holocene

Impact of conditioning regimen on peripheral blood hematopoietic cell transplant

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019年第2期10卷 86-97页

作者： Michael Burns Anurag K Singh carrie C Hoefer Yali Zhang Paul K Wallace George l Chen Alexis Platek Timothy B Winslow Austin J Iovoli Christopher Choi Maureen Ross Philip l McCarthy Theresa Hahn Department of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Radiation Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Flow Cytometry Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Center for Immunotherapy Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center

AIM To investigate infused hematopoietic cell doses and their interaction with conditioning regimen intensity +/-total body irradiation(TBI) on outcomes after peripheral blood hematopoietic cell transplant(PBHCT).METHODS Our retrospective cohort included 247 patients receiving a first, T-replete, human leukocyte antigen-matched allogeneic PBHCT and treated between 2001 and2012. Correlations were calculated using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Overall survival and progression free survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank *** Neutrophil engraftment was significantly faster after reduced intensity TBI based conditioning [reduced intensity conditioning(RIC) + TBI] and > 4 × 10~6 CD34+cells/kg infused. A higher total nucleated cell dose led to a higher incidence of grade II-IV acute graft-versus-host disease in the myeloablative + TBI regimen group(P = 0.03), but no significant difference in grade III-IV graft-versus-host disease. A higher total nucleated cell dose was also associated with increased incidence of moderate/severe chronic graft-versus-host disease, regardless ofconditioning regimen. Overall and progression-free survival were significantly better in patients with a RIC + TBI regimen and total nucleated cell dose > 8 ×10~8/kg(3 years, overall survival: 70% vs 38%, P = 0.02, 3 years, progression free survival: 64% vs 38%, P = 0.02).CONClUSION TBI and conditioning intensity may alter the relationship between infused cell doses and outcomes after PBHCT. Immune cell subsets may predict improved survival after unmanipulated PBHCT.

关键词： Total body radiation Peripheral blood hematopoietic cell transplant Total nucleated dose Neutrophil engraftment Graft-versus-host-disease

Views and Experience on Patient Engagement in Healthcare Professionals and Patients—How Are They Different?

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第6期7卷 615-629页

作者： Eliza l. Y. Wong Siufai lui Annie W. l. Cheung carrie H. K. Yam Nicole F. Huang Wilson W. S. Tam Engkiong Yeoh The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Alice lee Centre for Nursing Studies National University of Singapore Singapore

A patient-centered approach is used to build a therapeutic alliance between patients and the healthcare professionals in care process which should be supported by a good engagement of both parties. The study aimed to explore the gap between healthcare professionals and patients on patient engagement in hospital. It was a cross-sectional survey. 2774 doctors and nurses from Department of Medicine of public hospitals completed the self-administered questionnaire and 1042 patients discharged from corresponding wards completed the telephone interviews. Participants were interviewed using structural questionnaires. The Mann-Whitney test or Pearson’s chi-square test was used to analyze the agreement between health-care professionals and patients on the views and experiences of patient engagement. A difference was considered to be statistically significant when the p-value was lthough both groups valued the importance of patient engagement, there was a discrepancy on understanding, views and experiences. More healthcare professionals particularly in nursing were concerned about the possible negative impact of the engagement. The majority of healthcare professionals reported that they engaged well with patients, and perceived more difficulties than patients did. The findings highlighted the mutual understanding of patient engagement, involvement and challenges encountered by both groups in Department of Medicine, which was crucial in efforts to provide meaningful patient engagement in regards to jurisdictions, health system, specialty, discipline and background of patients. It provided insight that a collaborative strategy involving both healthcare professional and patients might be an alternative approach to improving patient engagement.

关键词： Patient Engagement Patient Satisfaction Patient Experience Patient Centered Care

Potential of a planarian model to study certain aspects of anti-Parkinsonism drugs

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2013年第3期2卷 70-74页

作者： Robert B. Raffa Jeff Danah Christopher S. Tallarida carrie Zimmerman Grace Gill Steven J. Baron Scott M. Rawls Center for Substance Abuse Research and Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia USA Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia USA

We previously created and investigated a planarian model for the study of drug action, abuse, physical dependence, receptor affinity, the toxicity of heavy metals in wastewater, and seizures. For the present pilot study, we investigated the possibility that this model might be useful for studying certain aspects of drugs used in treatment of Parkinson disease. For the first step, we were interested in finding an in vivo metric for the inhibition of l-DOPA by an inhibitor of DOPA decarboxylase. The direct clinical relevance of the endpoint was of secondary concern during this preliminary phase of model development. Two metrics were explored: l-DOPA-induced inhibition of motility (locomotor velocity) and dopamine-mediated toxicity, which was quantified using a Kaplan-Meier survival curve. l-DOPA produced both dose- and time-related toxicity. The water-soluble DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide dose-dependently inhibited the effect of l-DOPA, as manifested by a leftward shift in the Kaplan-Meier curve. Additional work was initiated using the more sensitive and a graded metric of spontaneous locomotor velocity. The encouraging results of this pilot study suggest that: 1) planarians contain DOPA decarboxylase or an equivalent enzyme, and 2) the planarian model might be useful for the study of certain aspects of anti-Parkinsonism pharmacotherapy.

关键词： l-DOPA Benserazide Planarians

Therapeutic options for the management of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第32期20卷 11142-11159页

作者： Maria l Rossi Azeem A Rehman Christopher S Gondi Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria Peoria IL 61656-1649 United States

Since its initial characterization, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has remained one of the most devastating and difficult cancers to treat. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, resulting in an estimated 38460 deaths annually. With few screening tools available to detect this disease at an early stage, 94% of patients will die within five years of diagnosis. Despite decades of research that have led to a better understanding of the molecular and cellular signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer cells, few effective therapies have been developed to target these pathways. Other treatment options have included more sophisticated pancreatic cancer surgeries and combination therapies. While outcomes have improved modestly for these patients, more effective treatments are desperately needed. One of the greatest challenges in the future of treating this malignancy will be to develop therapies that target the tumor microenvironment and surrounding pancreatic cancer stem cells in addition to pancreatic cancer cells. Recent advances in targeting pancreatic stellate cells and the stroma have encouraged researchers to shift their focus to the role of desmoplasia in pancreatic cancer pathobiology in the hopes of developing newer-generation therapies. By combining novel agents with current cytotoxic chemotherapies and radiation therapy and personalizing them to each patient based on specific biomarkers, the goal of prolonging a patient’s life could be achieved. Here we review the most effective therapies that have been used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and discuss the future potential of therapeutic options.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer stem cells Microenvironment Surgical resection Neoadjuvant therapy Adjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Radiation Personalized therapy

Genetic diseases conferring resistance to infectious diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2015年第3期2卷 247-254页

作者： Isabelle C.Withrock Stephen J.Anderson Matthew A.Jefferson Garrett R.McCormack Gregory S.A.Mlynarczyk Aron Nakama Jennifer K.lange carrie A.Berg Sreemoyee Acharya Matthew l.Stock Melissa S.lind K.C.luna Naveen C.Kondru Sireesha Manne Bhavika B.Patel Bierlein Mde la Rosa Kuei-Pin Huang Shaunik Sharma Hilary Z.Hu Sri Harsha Kanuri Steve A.Carlson Department of Biomedical Sciences Iowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIA 50011USA Department of Psychology Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of Kinesiology Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of Genetics Developmental and Cell BiologyIowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

This review considers available evidence for mechanisms of conferred adaptive advantages in the face of specific infectious *** short,we explore a number of genetic conditions,which carry some benefits in adverse circumstances including exposure to infectious *** examples discussed are conditions known to result in resistance to a specific infectious disease,or have been proposed as being associated with resistance to various infectious *** infectious diseasedgenetic disorder pairings include malaria and hemoglobinopathies,cholera and cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis and Tay-Sachs disease,mycotic abortions and phenylketonuria,infection by enveloped viruses and disorders of glycosylation,infection by filoviruses and NiemannePick C1 disease,as well as rabies and myasthenia *** also discuss two genetic conditions that lead to infectious disease hypersusceptibility,although we did not cover the large number of immunologic defects leading to infectious disease *** of the resistance-associated pairings(malaria/hemogloginopathies,cholera/cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis/Tay-Sachs,and mycotic abortions/phenylketonuria)appear to be a result of selection pressures in geographic regions in which the specific infectious agent is *** other pairings do not appear to be based on selection pressure and instead may be ***,research investigating these relationships may lead to treatment options for the aforementioned diseases by exploiting established mechanisms between genetically affected cells and infectious *** may prove invaluable as a starting point for research in the case of diseases that currently have no reliably curative treatments,e.g.,HIV,rabies,and Ebola.

关键词： Disease Infectious Pathogen Polymorphism Resistance Susceptibility

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设计良品

明日风尚 2008年第5期 14-17页

作者：当空 carrie 粱智仪谭志荣徐子豪巧诗陈铭恒 l′Equipement des Arts

M是《MING MAGAZINE》M’Style是我们对生活品味的要求和选择。当商品泛滥.唯有创意设计成为优质商品的指标。编辑部每月从全球众多商品中挑选设计良品.让创意荟萃于这个角落.围绕在你身边。

关键词：生活品味优质商品 Style 八爪鱼艺术总监 Fresh 之选首饰设计师古罗马帝国买者

Principles for managing marine ecosystems prone to tipping points

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第5期1卷 15-32页

作者： Kimberly A.Selkoe Thorsten Blenckner Margaret R.Caldwell larry B.Crowder Ashley l.Erickson Timothy E.Essington James A.Estes Rod M.Fujita Benjamin S.Halpern Mary E.Hunsicker carrie V.Kappel Ryan P.Kelly John N.Kittinger Phillip S.levin John M.lynham Megan E.Mach Rebecca G.Martone lindley A.Mease Anne KSalomon Jameal F.Samhouri Courtney Scarborough Adrian C.Stier Crow White Joy Zedler National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis 735 State StreetSuite 300Santa BarbaraCalifornia 93101 USA Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of HawaiiKaneoheHawaii 96744 USA Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm UniversityKra¨ftriket 2B10691 StockholmSweden Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via Ortega Room 193StanfordCalifornia 94305 USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 100 Shaffer RoadUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95060 USA Environmental Defense Fund 123 Mission Street28th FloorSan FranciscoCalifornia 94105 USA Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106 USA Imperial College london Silwood Park CampusBuckhurst RoadAscot SL57PY United Kingdom School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of Washington3707 Brooklyn Avenue NESeattleWashington 98105-6715 USA Conservation International Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans7192 Kalaniana‘ole HighwaySuite G230HonoluluHawaii 96825 USA Conservation Biology Division Northwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration2725 Montlake Boulevard EastSeattleWashington 98112 USA Department of Economics University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822 USA School of Resource and Environmental Management Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish Columbia V5A1S6 Canada Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCalifornia 93407 USA Botany Department University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin 53706 USA

As climatic changes and human uses intensify,resource managers and other decision makers are taking actions to either avoid or respond to ecosystem tipping points,or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are often costly and hard to *** indicates that explicitly addressing tipping points leads to improved management *** on theory and examples from marine systems,we distill a set of seven principles to guide effective management in ecosystems with tipping points,derived from the best available *** principles are based on observations that tipping points(1)are possible everywhere,(2)are associated with intense and/or multifaceted human use,(3)may be preceded by changes in earlywarning indicators,(4)may redistribute benefits among stakeholders,(5)affect the relative costs of action and inaction,(6)suggest biologically informed management targets,and(7)often require an adaptive response to *** suggest that early action to preserve system resilience is likely more practical,affordable,and effective than late action to halt or reverse a tipping *** articulate a conceptual approach to management focused on linking management targets to thresholds,tracking early-warning signals of ecosystem instability,and stepping up investment in monitoring and mitigation as the likelihood of dramatic ecosystem change *** approach can simplify and economize management by allowing decision makers to capitalize on the increasing value of precise information about threshold relationships when a system is closer to tipping or by ensuring that restoration effort is sufficient to tip a system into the desired regime.

关键词： critical transition ecosystem-based management marine spatial planning nonlinear relationships restoration ecology stakeholder engagement