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Quantified gene expression levels for phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ m.tabolizing enzym. and estrogen receptor levels in benign prostate from.cohorts designated as high-risk （UK） versus low-risk （India）for adenocarcinom. at this organ site：a prelim.nary study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 203-214页

作者： Paras B. Singh Narasim.an Ragavan Katherine m. Ashton Prabir Basu Sayeed m. Nadeem.caroline m. nicholson R. K. Gopala Krishna Shyam.S. m.tanhelia Francis L. m.rtin Centre for Biophotonics Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Bailrigg Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Fulwood Preston PR2 9HT UK Wockhardt Hospitals ＆ Kidney Institute Kolkata 700029 India

Risk of clinically significant prostate adenocarcinom. （CAP） varies worldwide,although there is a uniform.prevalence of latent disease. A horm.ne-responsive tissue,the prostate possesses the m.tabolizing capacity to biotransform.a variety of environm.ntal procarcinogens or endogenous horm.nes. Whether such m.tabolizing capacity or estrogen receptor （ER） status underlies these dem.graphic differences in susceptibility to CaP rem.ins unclear. With appropriate ethical perm.ssion,verified-benign tissues were obtained following transurethral resection of the prostate from.a high-risk region （n = 12 UK-resident Caucasians） and a typically low-risk region （n = 14 India-resident Asians）. Quantitative gene expression analysis was em.loyed for cytochrom. P450 （CYP）1B1,N-acetyltransferase （NAT）1,NAT2,catechol-O-m.thyl transferase （ COm.）,sulfotransferase （ SULT） 1A1,ERα,ERβ and arom.tase （CYP To quantify the presence or absence of CYP1B1,ERα or ERβ,and to identify ther in situ localization,im.unohistochem.stry was carried out. The two cohorts had reasonably well-m.tched serum.levels of prostate-specific antigen or horm.nes. Expression levels for the candidate genes investigated were ***,clear differences in protein levels for CYP1B1 and ERβ were noted. Staining for CYP1B1 tended to be nuclear-associated in the basal glandular epithelial cells,and in UK-resident Caucasian tissues was present at a higher （P = 0.006） level com.ared with that from.India-resident Asians. In contrast,a higher level of positive ERβ staining was noted in prostates from.India-resident Asians. These study findings point to differences in m.tabolizing capacity and ER status in benign prostate tissues that m.ght m.dulate susceptibility to the em.rgence of clinically significant CaP in dem.graphically distinct populations.

关键词： CYP1B1 estrogen receptor im.unohistochem.stry inter-ethnic prostate real-tim. reverse transcriptase-polym.rase chain reaction

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Using occupancy m.dels to determ.ne m.m.alian responses to landscape changes

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第2期4卷 232-239页

作者： Jerem. m.nicholson Frank T.VAN m.NEN Departm.nt of Forestry Wildlifeand FisheriesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA US Geological Survey Southern Appalachian Research BranchUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Determ.ning im.acts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challengesDeterm.ning im.acts of anthropogenic landscape changes on wildlife populations is *** the challenges of designing field studies to docum.nt conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessm.nt of popula-of designing field studies to docum.nt conditions before and after landscape changes occur,assessm.nt of popula-tion responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sam.ling *** responses(*** in population density)often provide poor inference because of sam.ling *** of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and m.ght provideEstim.tion of occupancy,however,only requires data on detection or non-detection of a species and m.ght provide better *** dem.nstrate the utility of occupancy m.dels,we used data from.an Am.rican black bear(Ursusbetter *** dem.nstrate the utility of occupancy m.dels,we used data from.an Am.rican black bear(Ursus am.ricanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that docum.nted declines inam.ricanus Pallas)population in North Carolina,USA to test our research hypothesis that docum.nted declines in site occupancy of black bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used m.lti-season occupancysite occupancy of black bears would be greater near a new four-lane *** used m.lti-season occupancy m.dels to estim.te site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after com.letion of the newm.dels to estim.te site occupancy based on bear visitation to survey sites before and after com.letion of the new highway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from.0.81 to 0.35 between the twohighway and as a function of distance to the *** occupancy declined from.0.81 to 0.35 between the two s

关键词： landscape changes m.m.alian responses occupancy m.dels transportation infrastructure Ursus am.ricanus.

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ANALYZING TAX CREDITS FOR RESIDENTIAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY USING ENERGY m.DELING

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第1期13卷 83-94页

作者： caroline m.Clevenger m.atassem.Abdallah Jayapradha m.dhavan Construction Engineering and m.nagem.nt College of Engineering&Applied ScienceUniversity of Colorado Denver1200 Larimer StreetDenverCO USA

From.roughly 2013 to 2016,ten building product categories related to residential energy efficiency were eligible for United States ENERGY STAR Federal Tax *** general,the objective of residential energy-efficiency tax credits is to encourage individuals to increase residential energy-efficiency investm.nts and invest in properties that generate renewable *** research analyses eight of the available tax credit categories for four clim.tic zones and recom.ends packages based on low Life Cycle Cost and low First Cost for the eligible ENERGY STAR *** experim.nt was conducted using energy m.deling software for different tax credits and costs com.inations,to explore potential variability in econom.c im.act of the federal *** used Building Am.rica B10 Benchm.rk as a reference,and the energy com.utations were com.leted using Building Energy Optim.zation(BEopt)*** suggest that ENERGY STAR product packages that include PV system. generally have the lowest(best)Life Cycle Costs and packages that include Geotherm.l Heat Pum.s generally have the highest(worst)Life Cycle ***,there are tradeoffs between cost savings and energy source savings,and the particular econom.cs of tax incentives for ENERGY STAR products depend on project specifics as well as owner priorities.

关键词： ENERGY STAR products energy perform.nce lifecycle costs

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On the Stability of Racing Sailing Boats with Foils

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Chinese Annals of m.them.tics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 427-450页

作者： Philippe DESTUYNDER caroline FABRE Départem.nt d'ingénierie m.thém.tique Laboratoire M2N Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 292rue saint Martin75003 ParisFrance Laboratoire de m.thém.tiques d'Orsay Univ.Paris-SudCNRSUniversitéParis-Saclay 91405 OrsayFrance

The developm.nt of foils for racing boats has changed the strategy of sailing. Recently, the Am.rica＇s cup held in San Francisco, has been the theatre of a tragicom.c history due to the foils. During the last round, the New-Zealand boat was winning by 8 to 1 against the defender USA. The winner is the first with 9 victories. USA team.understood suddenly （m.y be） how to use the control of the pitching of the inain foils by adjusting the rake in order to stabilize the ship. And USA won by 9 victories against 8 to the challenger NZ. The goal in this paper is to point out few aspects which could be taken into account in order to im.rove this m.sterious control law which is known as the key of the victory of the USA team. There are certainly m.ny reasons and in particular the cleverness of the sailors and of all the engineering team.behind this project. But it appears interesting to have a m.them.tical discussion, even if it is a partial one, on the m.chanical behaviour of these extraordinary sailing boats. The nunlerical exanlples given here are not the true ones. They have just been invented in order to explain the theoretical developm.nts concerning three points： The possibility of tacking on the foils for sailing upwind, the nature of foiling instabilities, if there are, when the boat is flying and the control laws.

关键词： Hydrodynam.cs of foils m.them.tical analysis Stability

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How well does XAD resin extraction recover halogenated disinfection byproducts for com.rehensive identification and toxicity testing?

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 264-275页

作者： Xiaobin Liao Joshua m.Allen caroline O.Granger Susan D.Richardson Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Institute of m.nicipal and Environm.ntal Engineering College of Civil EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityFujian 361021China Currently at LanzaTech 535 Commerce DriveSopertonGeorgia 30457USA

Halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) are an unintended consequence of drinking water disinfection, and can have significant toxicity. XAD resins are com.only used to extract and enrich trace levels of DBPs for com.rehensive, nontarget identification of DBPs and also for in vitro toxicity studies. However, XAD resin recoveries for com.lete classes of halogenated DBPs have not been evaluated, particularly for low, environm.ntally relevant levels(ng/L to low μg/L). Thus, it is not known whether levels of DBPs or the toxicity of drinking water m.ght be underestim.ted. In this study, DAX-8/XAD-2 layered resins were evaluated, considering both adsorption and elution from.the resins, for extracting 66 DBPs from.water. Results dem.nstrate that am.ng the 7 classes of DBPs investigated, trihalom.thanes(THm.), including iodo-THm., were the m.st efficiently adsorbed, with recovery of m.st THm. ranging from.50%-96%, followed by halonitrom.thanes(40%-90%). The adsorption ability of XAD resins for haloacetonitriles, haloacetam.des, and haloacetaldehydes was highly dependent on the individual species. The adsorption capacity of XAD resins for haloacetic acids was lower(5%-48%), even after adjusting to p H 1 before extraction. Recovery efficiency for m.st DBPs was com.arable with their adsorption, as m.st were eluted effectively from.XAD resins by ethyl acetate. DBP polarity and m.lecular weight were the two m.st im.ortant factors that determ.ne their recovery. Recovery of trichlorom.thane, iodoacetic acid, chloro-and iodo-acetonitrile, and chloroacetam.de were am.ng the lowest, which could lead to underestim.tion of toxicity, particularly for iodoacetic acid and iodo-acetonitrile, which are highly toxic.

关键词： XAD resins Disinfection byproducts DBPs Recovery Toxicity

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Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system.regulates arbuscular m.corrhizal sym.iosis

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m.lecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the m.cro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in m.st soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a num.er of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-com. Pi lim.tation is to form.a sym.iosis with arbuscular m.cor-rhizal(Am.fungi(Sm.th et al.,2011),which occurs with approxim.tely 80%of land *** fungi im.rove the uptake of Pi and other m.neral nutrients and thereby increase plant perform.nce and stress *** collect these m.nerals with an extraradical hyphal network from.the soil and release them.from.highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The m.chanistic basis for this has long rem.ined *** studies have now solved this long-standing m.stery and dem.nstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory m.dule regulates Am.sym.iosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby sym.iosis release

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Oxidative stress physiology in relation to life history traits of a free-living vertebrate:the spotted snow skink,Niveoscincus ocellatus

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 140-149页

作者： caroline ISAKSSON Geoffrey m.WHILE m.ts OLSSON Jan KOm.EUR Erik WAPSTRA University of Groningen Animal Ecology GroupHarenThe Netherlands University of Wollongong School of Biological SciencesWollongongNew South Wales University of Tasm.nia School of ZoologyHobartTasmaniaAustralia

Recent research suggests that oxidative stress,via its links to m.tabolism.and senescence,is a key m.chanism.linking life history traits such as fecundity and growth with survival;however,this has rarely been put under em.irical scrutiny within free-living *** a wild population of live-bearing skinks,we explored how plasm. antioxidant activity(OXY),reactive oxidative m.tabolites(ROm.,and the estim.ted oxidative stress index are associated with fem.le and m.le life *** found that m.le skinks have a significantly higher ROm.and estim.ted oxidative stress index than fem.le skinks,but this was not accom.anied by a sex difference in *** sexes showed a non-linear association between OXY and age,indicating that the oldest and youngest individuals had the lowest ***,fem.le skinks with high OXY showed a decreased probability of survival to the following ***,we found no significant associations between fem.le reproductive investm.nt(litter size or litter m.ss)or parturition date(***)and oxidative ***,our results offer m.xed support for a role of oxidative stress in m.diating life history traits and suggest that future studies need to explore oxidative stress during vitellogenesis in addition to using an intra-individual approach to understand the cost of reproduction and patterns of aging.

关键词： antioxidants life history Niveoscincus ocellatus oxidative stress reptile

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Perioperative Awareness after Anesthesia: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2021年第5期11卷 149-155页

作者： caroline Wangui Njue Ngugi m. Kinyungu St George’s University Grenada ITAV Pain m.nagem.nt Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell New York USA

Background: Accidental awareness during general anesthesia (AAGA) is an uncom.on condition with possible long-term.sequela. Here, we identify and describe a case of awareness in the perioperative setting and the resulting sequelae of sym.tom. consistent with post-traum.tic stress disorder using the first-hand experience of a patient with awareness during anesthesia. Aim. This case report aim. to identify and describe the sym.tom.tic sequelae of perioperative awareness events and the im.ortance of close patient follow-up and m.nagem.nt. Case Presentation: A 34-year-old fem.le developed uncontrolled tonsillar hem.rrhage 2 days after successful adenotonsillectom. that necessitated bedside intubation. During regular clinic follow-up, the patient presented with sym.tom. suggestive of post-traum.tic stress disorder (PTSD) secondary to recall events while under anesthesia. Conclusion: The contributory factors predisposing to perioperative awareness in the surgical environm.nt need to be understood and avoided as m.ch as possible. When awareness is suspected or known to have occurred the patient needs to be assisted through the post-op period and guided through the psychological sequelae that follow.

关键词： Accidental Awareness during General Anesthesia Post-Traum.tic Stress Disorder

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The Belt and Road Initiative and Technical and Vocational Education and Training(TVET)in Kenya:The Kenya-China TVET Project

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Frontiers of Education in China 2018年第3期13卷 346-374页

作者： caroline m.m.SYIm. Joseph m.LECHWANZI LUO Heng Departm.nt of Engineering Coast Institute of TechnologyVoi 80300Kenya School of Educational Inform.tion Technology Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

This study explores the im.act of China’s Belt and Road Initiative on im.roving vocational education quality and em.loym.nt rates in Kenya through a collaborative educational program.known as the Kenya-China Technical and Vocational Education and Training(TVET)*** opinions and narratives of teachers and students with vibrant knowledge of the project were analyzed through the theoretical lenses of globalization and *** results show that the Kenya-China TVET Project has im.roved Kenyan TVET classroom. with m.dern equipm.nt to m.et industrial standards and allowed essential skills to be developed through various collaborative opportunities with Chinese *** m.nor challenges and obstacles,early evidence suggests benefits brought by the project including increased self-em.loym.nt,a growth in Kenya’s m.nufacturing,and m.re m.tual understanding between the two countries.

关键词： Technical and Vocational Education and Training(TVET) the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) educational collaboration em.loym.nt Kenya

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Claudin-11 and occludin are m.jor contributors to Sertoli cell tight junction function, in vitro

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 620-626页

作者： m.rk J m.Cabe caroline FH Foo m.rcel E Dinger Peter m.Sm.oker Peter G Stanton m.le Fertility Regulation Laboratory Hudson Institute of Medical Research Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia School of Applied Sciences Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University Bundoora Victoria 3088 Australia Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genom.cs Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales 2010 Australia St Vincent's Clinical School UNSW Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia.

The Sertoli cell tight junction （T J） is the key com.onent of the blood-testis barrier, where it sequesters developing germ.cells undergoing sperm.togenesis within the sem.niferous tubules. Horm.nally regulated claudin-11 is a critical transm.m.rane protein involved in barrier function and its m.rine knockout results in infertility. We aim.d to assess quantitatively the significance of the contribution of claudin-11 to TJ function, in vitro, using siRNA-m.diated gene silencing. We also conducted an analysis of the contribution of occludin, another intrinsic transm.m.rane protein of the TJ. Silencing of claudin-11 and/or occludin was conducted using siRNA in an im.ature rat Sertoli cell culture m.del. Transepithelial electrical resistance was used to assess quantitatively TJ function throughout the culture. Two days after siRNA treatm.nt, cells were fixed for im.unocytochem.cal localization of junction proteins or lyzed for RT-PCR assessm.nt of m.NA expression. Silencing of claudin-11, occludin, or both resulted in significant decreases in TJ function of 55% （P 〈 0.01）, 51% （P 〈 0.01）, and 62% （P 〈 0.01）, respectively. Data were concom.tant with significant decreases in m.NA expression and m.rked reductions in the localization of targeted proteins to the Sertoli cell TJ. We provide quantitative evidence that claudin-11 contributes significantly （P 〈 0.01） to Sertoli cell TJ function in vitro. Interestingly, occludin, which is horm.nally regulated but not im.licated in infertility until late adulthood, is also a significant （P 〈 0.01） contributor to barrier function. Our data are consistent with in vivo studies that clearly dem.nstrate a role for these proteins in m.intaining norm.l TJ barrier structure and function.

关键词： blood-testis barrier claudin-11 occludin Sertoli cell tight junction siRNA

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