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Fatty Acids and Associated Cardiovascular Risk

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 188-194页

作者： caroline le goff Jean-Francois Kaux Ludovic leroy Joel Pincemail Jean-Paul Chapelle Etienne Cavalier Department of Clinical Chemistry University and University Hospital of LiegeLiegeBelgium Department of Clinical Sciences University and University Hospital of LiegeLiegeBelgium CREDEC Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital of LiegeLiegeBelgium

Introduction: A fatty acid (FA) is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Recently, the role of FA and particularly omega-3 and -6 has emerged as cardiovascular risk factor in the literature. The aim of our study was to establish reference values for these FA and to compare them with data obtained in a population of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Materials and methods: Hundred thirty five healthy subjects (59.38 ± 27.12 yo, 75 men) were selected as reference population. We also evaluated FA in thirty three patients (55 ± 9 yo, 23 men) admitted in the Emergency Department of our Institution for AMI. The fasting whole blood was drawn in vacutainer containing EDTA. Before analysis, samples were washed and transmethylated. We performed the quantification of different FA by gas chromatography associated with flame ionization detector (GCFID). Results: We obtained results in control healthy patients to be used as reference values. In the AMI group, levels of omega-6 were significantly higher (p 0.05) for C18:2n6 and C18:3n6 than the reference population and omega-3 values were significantly lower (p 0.01) compared to reference value for C22:6n3. The omega-3 index was lower and the ratio omega-6/omega-3 was higher in AMI group compared to reference values. Conclusions: We have established reference value for FA and have compared these values with the results obtained in AMI population. FA determination is a new tool we are able to use and to process in our laboratory which can help the clinician to screen patients with the highest cardiovascular risks because of the implication of FA in the etiopathogeny of atherosclerosis.

关键词： Fatty Acids Acute Myocardial Infarction Gas Chromatography

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Release of Cardiac Biomarkers during a Cycling Race

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第8期6卷 285-294页

作者： caroline le goff Jean-François Kaux Stéphanie D’Otreppe Sébastien goffaux Marianne Fillet Jean-Paul Chapelle Etienne Cavalier Department of Clinical Chemistry University of Liège Liège Belgium Department of Physical Medicine and Sport Traumatology SPORTS2 FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence University of Liège Liège Belgium Department of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Liège Liège Belgium

Objectives: Over the past two decades, a large interest in cardiac marker elevations has developed in endurance sports events. The intense effort is not without risk. We aimed to see if the relatively cardiospecific biomarkers could show the damage on cardiac muscle cells. Methods: Fourteen cyclists were recruited for an international race (177 km). We studied different cardiac biomarkers, renal function markers and blood cytology. The subjects were submitted to three blood test: one before (T0), one just after (T1) and the last one 3 hours after the race (T3). Results: Blood cytology markers, namely erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and average hemoglobin concentration, were found to evolve in a similar way. Renal function markers, such as creatinin, cystatin C and uric acid, showed a post effort increase that might be related to renal blood flow depletion during exercise. Cardiac and muscular markers were all increased at T1. Conclusions: Physiological stress induced by an international cycling race certainly has consequences on cardiac muscle cells. Fortunately, those blood concentration variations are more representative of a transitional state, due to an imbalance created by an intense aerobic effort maintained during several hours, rather than an irreversible injury.

关键词： Cycling Cardiac Biomarkers Stress Biomarkers Renal Function Markers

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Small bowel capsule endoscopy and treat-to-target in Crohn’s disease: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第31期25卷 4534-4554页

作者： Catherine le Berre caroline Trang-Poisson Arnaud Bourreille Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif Nantes University Hospital

BACKGROUND Crohn’s disease(CD)can affect the entire gastrointestinal *** small bowel(SB)lesions are associated with a significant risk of stricturing disease and multiple abdominal *** assessment of SB in patients with CD is therefore necessary because it may have a significant impact on prognosis with potential therapeutic *** of the weak correlation that exists between symptoms and endoscopic disease activity,the“treat-to-target”paradigm has been developed,and the associated treatment goal is to achieve and maintain deep remission,encompassing both clinical and endoscopic *** bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE)allows to visualize the mucosal surface of the entire *** that time,there is no recommendation regarding the use of SBCE during *** To investigate the impact of SBCE in a treat-to-target strategy in patients with *** An electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Cochrane library using the following search terms:“capsule endoscopy”,in combination with“Crohn’s disease”and“treat-to-target”or *** authors independently reviewed titles and abstracts identified by the search strategy after duplicates were *** the initial screening of abstracts,all articles containing information about SBCE in the context of treat-to-target strategy in patients with CD were ***-text articles were retrieved,reference lists were screened manually to identify additional *** Forty-seven articles were included in this *** indexes are currently used to quantify disease activity using SBCE,and there is good correlation between *** was shown to be useful for disease reclassification in patients who are suspected of having or who are diagnosed with CD,with a significant incremental diagnostic yield compared to other diagnostic *** studies also demonstrated that the mucosal healing can be evaluated by SBCE to monitor the effect of medical treatment

关键词： Wireless capsule endoscopy Inflammatory bowel disease Treat-to-target Monitoring Mucosal healing Post-operative recurrence Prognosis

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A focus on the European hamster to illustrate how to monitor endangered species

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 65-74页

作者： Florian KleTTY Mathilde TISSIER Charlotte KOURKGY Alexandre ZAHARIEV Nicolas CHATELAIN Julien COURTECUISSE Yvon le MAHO caroline HABOLD University of Strasbourg CNRSIPHCStrasbourgFrance National Hunting and Wildlife Agency ONCFSGerstheimFrance and 3Clinique VétérinaireColmarFrance

Agriculture intensification,marked by the generalization of crop monoculture,by the increase in plot size and by the reduction of plant diversity,has led to huge decline in wildlife in European *** such habitat,re-search has long been biased towards birds and invertebrates,while very few studies have investigated the ef-fect on small *** the European hamster,Cricetus cricetus,we therefore review the different techniques that can be used to investigate the impact of environmental changes and conservation measures in small and endangered wild *** suggest that only a multidisciplinary approach will allow exploration of these effects,combining experimental laboratory work on captive-bred animals with the monitoring of wild *** particular,individual energy balance has to be investigated and measured as accurately as possi-ble,through either biochemical or bio-logging *** is,indeed,the most affected physiological trait in a changing environment,as it determines both the reproductive output and the survival of the *** also discuss the inconvenience of capture-release approaches for such an endangered species and emphasize the dis-turbance that experimental protocols could impose on the hamster.

关键词： conservation measures data loggers degree of invasiveness energy balance metabolism

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Increasing the effectiveness of intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice: a neurosurgical point of view

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第6期31卷 685-696页

作者： Bertrand Mathon Mérie Nassar Jean Simonnet caroline le Duigou Stéphane Clemenceau Richard Miles Desdemona Fricker Department of Neurosurgery Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de La Pitié-SalpêtrièreAPHPF-75013ParisFrance Inserm U 1127F-75013ParisFrance CNRS UMR 7225F-75013ParisFrance Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06UMR S 1127F-75013ParisFrance Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière ICMF-75013ParisFrance

Intracerebral injections of tracers or viral constructs in rodents are now commonly used in the neurosciences and must be executed perfectly. The purpose of this article is to update existing protocols for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice. Our procedure for stereotaxic injections in adult mice allows the investigator to improve the effectiveness and safety, and save time. Furthermore, for the first time, we describe a two-handed procedure for intracerebral injections in neonatal mice that can be performed by a single operator in a very short time. Our technique using the stereotaxic arm allows a higher precision than freehand techniques previously described. Stereotaxic injections in adult mice can be performed in 20 min and have 〉90% efficacy in targeting the injection site. Injections in neonatal mice can be performed in 5 min. Efficacy depends on the difficulty of precisely localizing the injection sites, due to the small size of the animal. We describe an innovative, effortless, and reproducible surgical protocol for intracerebral injections in adult and neonatal mice.

关键词： rodents surgery neurosciencesstereotaxic injection newborn mice neonatal brain

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Crohn’s-like acute severe colitis associated with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第8期25卷 1031-1036页

作者： Paul Girot Catherine le Berre Astrid De Maissin Marie Freyssinet caroline Trang-Poisson Arnaud Bourreille Institut des Maladies de l’Appareil Digestif Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive OncologyNantes University HospitalNantes Cedex 44093France Department of Gastroenterology Clinique Jules VerneNantes 44300France

BACKGROUND Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome(HPS)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism,platelet storage pool deficiency and systemic complications associated with ceroid deposition in the reticuloendothelial *** types 1 and 4 are associated with Crohn’s disease(CD)-like gastrointestinal disorders,such as granulomatous enterocolitis or perianal *** of colitis can be particularly severe and,before the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα)therapy had become common,were reported as showing poor responsiveness to medical *** SUMMARY We present the case of a 51-year-old albino woman who presented with acute severe colitis that led to the diagnosis of *** findings of biopsy samples showed chronic inflammation with deep ulcerations,and granulomas without caseous *** genetic analysis confirmed HPS type 1,with a homozygous 27 base-pair deletion in exon 20 of the HPS1 *** the patient’s bleeding diathesis was corrected by platelet transfusion,the granulomatous colitis responded dramatically to a medical treatment regimen that included corticosteroids,azathioprine and infliximab;this regimen is similar to that used in CD *** it remains unclear if the granulomatous enterocolitis in HPS is due to ceroid deposition or reflects the co-existence of CD and HPS,the fact that this case of HPS-related granulomatous colitis responded to the same therapeutic approach used in CD suggests that this type of colitis may result from HPS patients’genetic susceptibility to *** We report a case of severe colitis that led to the diagnosis of HPS,which was responsive to azathioprine and infliximab.

关键词： Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Acute severe colitis Infliximab Azathioprine Inflammatory bowel disease Case report

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3D numerical simulation of seagrass movement under waves and currents with GPUSPH

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2021年第6期36卷 711-722页

作者： Anne-Eléonore Paquier Thibault Oudart caroline le Bouteiller Samuel Meulé Philippe Larroudé Robert A.Dalrymple BRGM Immeuble Agostini Aix-Marseille University CNRS IRD INRA Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering) Univerity Grenoble Alpes University Grenoble Alpes Department of Civil Engineering Johns Hopkins University

The current study tries a new approach to simulating interactions between waves and seagrass through Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH). In this model, the plants are defined as a solid that respects Hooke’s law, and are assumed to have direct interaction with the fluid. Given the characteristics of the SPH method, especially in terms of computational time, the dimensions of the simulations were *** first goal of the current study was to optimize the approach to avoid reaching certain limits such as the rupture of the simulated plant. Plant movements under waves and/or currents have been studied by several authors in various in-situ, physical, and numerical experiments concerning various vegetation species, thus proving that plant movements can be successfully reproduced by SPH 2D/3D. Manning’s roughness coefficient, n, was calculated to confirm that the results were in accordance with what had been measured in flume studies. Even though there is still room for improvement, it is shown that this method can be used to estimate Manning’s coefficient for coastal vegetation(seagrass and saltmarsh vegetation) and to greatly improve the modeling and forecasting of coastal erosion and storm surge risks by including the effects of vegetation in integrated models.

关键词： Numerical seagrass movement GPUSPH Fluid structure interaction Waves Current

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On the Stability of Racing Sailing Boats with Foils

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 427-450页

作者： Philippe DESTUYNDER caroline FABRE Département d'ingénierie Mathématique Laboratoire M2N Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 292rue saint Martin75003 ParisFrance Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay Univ.Paris-SudCNRSUniversitéParis-Saclay 91405 OrsayFrance

The development of foils for racing boats has changed the strategy of sailing. Recently, the America＇s cup held in San Francisco, has been the theatre of a tragicomic history due to the foils. During the last round, the New-Zealand boat was winning by 8 to 1 against the defender USA. The winner is the first with 9 victories. USA team understood suddenly （may be） how to use the control of the pitching of the inain foils by adjusting the rake in order to stabilize the ship. And USA won by 9 victories against 8 to the challenger NZ. The goal in this paper is to point out few aspects which could be taken into account in order to improve this mysterious control law which is known as the key of the victory of the USA team. There are certainly many reasons and in particular the cleverness of the sailors and of all the engineering team behind this project. But it appears interesting to have a mathematical discussion, even if it is a partial one, on the mechanical behaviour of these extraordinary sailing boats. The nunlerical exanlples given here are not the true ones. They have just been invented in order to explain the theoretical developments concerning three points： The possibility of tacking on the foils for sailing upwind, the nature of foiling instabilities, if there are, when the boat is flying and the control laws.

关键词： Hydrodynamics of foils Mathematical analysis Stability

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Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the macro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in most soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a number of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-come Pi limitation is to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycor-rhizal(AM)fungi(Smith et al.,2011),which occurs with approximately 80%of land *** fungi improve the uptake of Pi and other mineral nutrients and thereby increase plant performance and stress *** collect these minerals with an extraradical hyphal network from the soil and release them from highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The mechanistic basis for this has long remained *** studies have now solved this long-standing mystery and demonstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory module regulates AM symbiosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby symbiosis release

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RNA therapeutics:updates and future potential

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 12-30页

作者： caroline Zhang Biliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Guangzhou RiboBio Co. LtdGuangzhou 510663China Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co. Guangzhou 510530China

Recent advancements in the production,modification,and cellular delivery of RNA molecules facilitated the expansion of RNAbased *** increasing understanding of RNA biology initiated a corresponding growth in RNA *** this review,the general concepts of five classes of RNA-based therapeutics,including RNA interference-based therapies,antisense oligonucleotides,small activating RNA therapies,circular RNA therapies,and messenger RNA-based therapeutics,will be ***,we also provide an overview of RNA-based therapeutics that have already received regulatory approval or are currently being evaluated in clinical trials,along with challenges faced by these ***-based drugs demonstrated positive clinical trial results and have the ability to address previously“undruggable”targets,which delivers great promise as a disruptive therapeutic technology to fulfill its full clinical potentiality.

关键词： RNA RNA therapeutics mRNA vaccine RNAi

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