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Anaerobic soil disinfestation rather than Bacillus velezensis Y6 inoculant suppresses tomato bacterial wilt by improving soil quality and manipulating bacterial communities

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 754-768页

作者： Taowen Pan Yulin Chen Sicong Li Lei Wang Joji Muramoto carol Shennan Jihui Tian Kunzheng Cai Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture South China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural University Environmental Studies University of California Santa Cruz

Continuous cropping leads to high incidence of soilborne diseases such as bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, which poses a risk to agricultural *** soil disinfestation (ASD) and plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are considered environmentally friendly methods to control bacterial ***,the underlying mechanism of the improvement of soil health and the inhibition of bacterial wilt after ASD treatment and PGPR inoculation needs further *** study evaluated the effect of ASD treatment on soil improvement at pre-planting of tomato, and the effect of ASD treatment combined with the application of Bacillus velezensis Y6 (BV) on soil quality,*** abundance, and bacterial communities at 90 days before harvesting of *** results showed that ASD treatment reduced R. solanacearum abundance in soil by17.6%at pre-planting and 18.7%at 90 days before harvesting, but BV inoculation did not influence R. solanacearum *** and ASD+BV treatments effectively reduced the occurrence of bacterial wilt, improved soil nutrient status and increased soil microbial activity at 90 days before *** co-ordinate analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was significantly influenced by ASD treatment both at pre-planting and at 90 days before *** investigation found that ASD contributed to the enrichment of beneficial flora (Bacillus and Streptomyces).Moreover, pH was an important environmental factor affecting the abundance of R. solanacearum in ***-occurrence network analysis showed that ASD treatment significantly increased network connection of bacterial communities and the proportion of beneficial microorganisms (Proteobacteria and Firmicutes), leading to complex soil bacterial co-occurrence networks both at pre-planting and at 90 days before ***,these results indicate that ASD treatment, but not microbial inoculation can enhance tomato plant resistan

关键词： Ralstonia solanacearum plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria anaerobic soil disinfestation soil quality soil microorganisms

Targeting sepsis through inflammation and oxidative metabolism

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 69-81页

作者： Salena Jacob Sanjana ann Jacob Joby Thoppil Halmos College of Arts and Sciences Nova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL 33328United States Dell School of Medicine University of Texas at Austin Medical SchoolAustinTX 78712United States Emergency Medicine UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States

Infection is a public health problem and represents a spectrum of disease that can result in sepsis and septic *** is characterized by a dysregulated immune response to *** shock is the most severe form of sepsis which leads to distributive shock and high mortality *** have been significant advances in sepsis management mainly focusing on early identification and ***,complicating matters is the lack of reliable diagnostic tools and the poor specificity and sensitivity of existing scoring tools i.e.,systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA),or quick *** limitations have underscored the modest progress in reducing sepsis-related *** review will focus on novel therapeutics such as oxidative stress targets,cytokine modulation,endothelial cell modulation,etc.,that are being conceptualized for the management of sepsis and septic shock.

关键词： Sepsis Inflammation Oxidative Metabolism Infection Reactive oxygen species

The Current State of Kidney Transplantation in Kenya: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directions

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 89-94页

作者： Christopher Owino ann Mutugi Mathew Koech Jie Tang Department of Medicine Moi University Eldoret Kenya Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA

Kenya, a lower-middle-income country in East Africa, faces a rising burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with an estimated 12,500 individuals suffering from end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal transplantation—the preferred treatment option for ESRD, remains underutilized. Since the first transplant in 1978, seven centers have been established, with 829 transplants performed by 2022. Living-related renal transplants (LRRT) dominate, while deceased donor renal transplantation (DDRT) is yet to be implemented. Recent data show improved outcomes, with one-year graft survival rates up to 96%, but challenges such as acute rejection rates (32.8%) and limited donor outcome data persist. Barriers include high costs, limited insurance coverage, inadequate laboratory infrastructure, and a transplant workforce shortage. Efforts to establish DDRT programs are underway but are hampered by the absence of organ procurement systems and insufficient laboratory capabilities. Future priorities include reducing costs and expanded insurance coverage for transplant care. Investments in laboratory infrastructure, local tissue typing, and surgical training are essential. Strengthening international collaborations and public education campaigns can improve donor pools and transplantation access. Strategic policy reforms and resource allocation are vital to scaling up Kenya’s kidney transplant program and addressing the unmet needs of its ESRD population.

关键词： Kidney Transplant Outcomes Chronic Kidney Disease End Stage Renal Disease

Modeling and Measuring Friction of the Leighton 10m Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第12期22卷 311-321页

作者： Yongwei Guo David woody Nicolas Matinez Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy Camino El Observatorio 1515Las CondesSantiagoChile National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China California Institute of Technology Owens Valley Radio ObservatoryBig PineCA 93513USA Universidad de Concepcion Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y MatematicasConcepcion403000Chile

Estimating and identifying friction are important aspects of simulating a mechanical drive system. Accurate friction modeling helps to improve a telescope's performance. However, the friction conditions inside are complex and hard to measure. We did simulations with mathematical transfer functions for the Leighton 10 m Telescope and employed a polyline model to identify sources of friction. We made a two-stage model for the Leighton 10 m Telescope. Based on measurements of the motor's currents and speeds, we constructed a curve containing the friction information of the transmission elements. We simulated the system using a step function input under many combinations of friction parameters. By comparing simulation results with the measured ones, we determined the various friction components. This model accurately reproduced the telescope performance including the nonlinearities.

关键词： astronomical instrumentation methods and techniques telescopes methods:analytical

Utility of high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and management of sub-clinical ocular surface squamous neoplasia

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Eye and Vision 2019年第1期6卷 229-235页

作者： ann Q.Tran Nandini Venkateswaran Anat Galor carol L.Karp Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine900 NW 17th StMiamiFL 33136USA

Background:To evaluate the frequency and characteristics of sub-clinical ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)detected by high-resolution anterior segment tomography(HR-OCT)in patients with clinically unapparent disease following topical ***:A retrospective chart review of patients with OSSN identified through a pharmacy database at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute from January 2013 to December 2018 was *** undergoing primary therapy with topical 5-fluorouracil 1%(5-FU)(4 times a day for 7 days with a 21-day break)or interferon-alpha-2b(IFN)(4 times a day)were *** were separated into two *** 1 included individuals whose clinical resolution of OSSN aligned with complete resolution on *** 2(sub-clinical OSSN group)included individuals with clinical OSSN resolution but with features of persistent disease on *** excluded included those treated at an outside institution and those who used topical therapy as a surgical ***:A total of 95 patients(95 eyes)were ***-clinical OSSN was detected at a frequency of 17%in our study patients(n=16 patients,9 treated with 5-FU and 7 treated with IFN).In the 16 individuals,the mean time to clinical resolution was 3.6±1.0 cycles for 5-FU and 4.0±0.0 months for *** additional 2.1±0.8 cycles for 5-FU and 1.2±0.4 months for IFN were needed to achieve HR-OCT resolution of *** in Group 1 was noted in 10 patients(12%)while no recurrences occurred in Group 2,the cohort with subclinical disease that received the extended medical *** mean follow-up was 24.0±17.9 ***:We found that at least 17%of individuals with apparent clinical resolution of OSSN have sub-clinical disease detected on *** information can be used to optimize treatment and extend therapy past the point of clinical resolution.

关键词： Ocular surface squamous neoplasia,High-resolution optical coherence tomography,Sub-clinical ocular surface squamous neoplasia,Ocular surface imaging ocular surface lesions

Effective Elastic Properties of 3-Phase Particle Reinforced Composites with Randomly Dispersed Elastic Spherical Particles of Different Sizes Dedicated to Professor Karl Stark Pister for his 95th birthday

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第12期129卷 1305-1328页

作者： Yu-Fu Ko Jiann-Wen woody Ju Civil Engineering and Construction Engineering Management California State UniversityLong BeachCA 90840-5101USA Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1593USA

Higher-order multiscale structures are proposed to predict the effective elastic properties of 3-phase particle reinforced composites by considering the probabilistic spherical particles spatial distribution,the particle interactions,and utilizing homogenization with ensemble volume average *** matrix material,spherical particles with radius a1,and spherical particles with radius a2,are denoted as the 0th phase,the 1st phase,and the 2nd phase,***,the two inhomogeneity phases are different particle sizes and the same elastic material *** higher-order(in ratio of spherical particle sizes to the distance between the centers of spherical particles)bounds on effective elastic properties of 3-phase particle reinforced proposed Formulation II and Formulation I derive *** a special case,i.e.,particle size of the 1st phase is the same as that of the 2nd phase,the proposed formulations reduce to 2-phase *** theoretical predictions demonstrate excellent agreement with selected experimental *** addition,several numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the competence of the proposed frameworks.

关键词： Particle reinforced composites micromechanics spherical particle interactions ensemble volume average homogenization probabilistic spatial distribution higher-order bounds multiscale

Analysis of meso-inhomogeneous deformation on a metal material surface under low-cycle fatigue

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2017年第6期30卷 557-572页

作者： Gui-Long Liu Ke-Shi Zhang Xian-Ci Zhong Jiann woody Ju College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Guangxi University Key Lab of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety Guangxi Key Lab Disaster Prevention and Engineering Safety Nanning 530004 China College of Mathematics and Information Science Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1593 USA

A polycrystalline Voronoi aggregation with a free surface is applied as the representative volume element（RVE）of the nickel-based GH4169 *** the plastic deformation mechanism at the grain level and the Bauschinger effect,a crystal plasticity model reflecting the nonlinear kinematic hardening of crystal slipping system is *** microscopic inhomogeneous deformation during cyclic loading is calculated through numerical simulation of crystal *** deformation inhomogeneity on the free surface of the RVE under cyclic loading is described respectively by using the following parameters：standard deviation of the longitudinal strain in macro tensile direction,statistical average of first principal strains,and standard deviation of longitudinal *** relationship between the fatigue cycle number and the evolution of inhomogeneous deformation of the material’s free surface is *** research finds that：（1）The inhomogeneous deformation of the material free surface is significantly higher than that of the RVE inside;（2）the increases of the characterization parameters of inhomogeneous deformation on the free surface with cycles reflect the local maximum deformation of the RVE growing during cyclic loading;（3）these parameters can be used as criteria to assess and predict the low-cycle fatigue life rationally.

关键词： Inhomogeneous deformation Surface Grain-level Crystal plasticity Low-cycle fatigue Life prediction

YIELD SURFACES AND PLASTIC FLOW OF 45 STEEL UNDER TENSION-TORSION LOADING PATHS

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2012年第4期25卷 348-360页

作者： Guijuan Hu Keshi Zhang Shihong Huang Jiann-Wen woody Ju Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Polytechnic of Construction Nanning 530004China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1593USA

An experimental analysis on the subsequent yield-surfaces evolution using multiple specimens is presented for a 45 steel after a prescribed pre-strain loading in three different directions respectively, and the yielding is defined by a designated offsetting strain. The size of the subsequent yield surface is found smaller than the initial yield surface; the negative cross effects are observed in the normal loading direction, its shape is not a Mises circle but has a rather blunt nose in loading direction and flat in the opposite. These results strongly depend on the loading path and the prescribed offset plastic strain. The plastic flow direction to the subsequent yield surface is investigated, and it is found that the plastic flow direction deviates from the normal flow rule. The deviation differs from preloading case to preloading case. And the plastic flow direction would have a larger deviation from the normal of the yield surface, if the subsequent yield was defined by a smaller offset strain. Furthermore, the experiments are simulated using the Chaboche model, and the results show that it can rationally predict yield-surface only when yield is defined by a fairly large offset strain.

关键词： subsequent yield surface plastic flow direction multiple specimen methods offsetstrain

Understanding protein palmitoylation:Biological significance and enzymology

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1888-1897页

作者： FIERKE carol A. Departments of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry University of Michigan930 N University

Protein palmitoylation is a widespread lipid modification in which one or more cysteine thiols on a substrate protein are modified to form a thioester with a palmitoyl *** lipid modification is readily reversible;a feature of protein palmitoylation that allows for rapid regulation of the function of many cellular *** in palmitoyltransferases(PATs),the enzymes that catalyze the formation of this modification,are associated with a number of neurological diseases and cancer *** review summarizes the crucial role of palmitoylation in biological systems,the discovery of the DHHC protein family that catalyzes protein palmitoylation,and the development of methods for investigating the catalytic mechanism of PATs.

关键词： protein palmitoylation palmitoyltransferase (PAT) DHHC protein family catalytic mechanism palmitoylation assay