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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar Rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González José Paz-Ibarra Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta Non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine *** liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis *** its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently *** article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver *** review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 *** cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary *** optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,*** can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging *** options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes *** standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine *** transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

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Effect of dephytinization on bioavailability of iron,calcium and zinc from infant cereals assessed in the Caco-2 cell model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第16期15卷 1977-1984页

作者： carmen Frontela Maria Laura Scarino Simonetta Ferruzza Gaspar ros carmen Martínez Department of Food Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Science and Food Science and TechnologyMurcia University INRAN National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition

AIM： To test the effect of the dephytinization of three different commercial infant cereals on iron, calcium, and zinc bioavailability by estimating the uptake, retention, and transport by Caco-2 cells. METHODS： Both dephytinized （by adding an exogenous phytase） and non-dephytinized infant cereals were digested using an in vitro digestion protocol adapted to the gastrointestinal conditions of infants younger than 6 too. Mineral cell retention, transport, and uptake from infant cereals were measured using the soluble fraction of the simulated digestion and the Caco-2 cells. RESULTS： Dephytinization of infant cereals significantly increased （P 〈 0.05） the cell uptake efficiency （from 0.66%-6.05% to 3.93%-13%）, retention （from 6.04%-16.68% to 14.75%-20.14%） and transport efficiency （from 0.14%-2.21% to 1.47%-6.02%）, of iron, and the uptake efficiency （from 5.0%-35.4% to 7.3%-41.6%） and retention （from 4.05%-20.53% to 14.45%-61.3%） of zinc, whereas calcium only cell uptake showed a significant increase （P 〈 0.05） after removing phytate from most of the samples analyzed. A positive relationship （P 〈 0.05） between mineral solubility and the cell uptake and transport efficiencies was observed. CONCLUSION： Removing phytate from infant cereals had a beneficial effect on iron and zinc bioavailability when infant cereals were reconstituted with water. Since in developing countries cereal-based complementary foods for infants are usually consumed mixed with water, exogenous phytase additions could improve the nutritional value of this weaning food.

关键词： Infant cereals Phytate Iron Calcium Zinc Caco-2 cells BioavaUability

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Habitat-dependent breeding biology of the Blue Tit(Cyanistes caeruleus)across a continuous and heterogeneous Mediterranean woodland

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 499-510页

作者： Jorge Garrido-Bautista carmen Hernandez-Ruiz Jose Luis ros-Santaella Eliana Pintus Nicola Bernardo Mar Comas Gregorio Moreno-Rueda Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Granada18071GranadaSpain Tecnologías y Servicios Agrarios S.A. S.M.E.M.P.(Tragsatec)06800BadajozSpain Department of Veterinary Sciences Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcka 12916500Prague 6-SuchdolCzech Republic Biological Station of Donana EBD-CSICAv.Americo Vespucio 2641092SevilleSpain Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College03755HanoverNHUSA

Mediterranean woodland environments are characterised by high spatial and temporal heterogeneity,which means the inhabiting species face a wide variety of selective *** may respond differently to habitat heterogeneity and so distinct eco-evolutionary scenarios may be responsible for the inter-habitat variability in reproductive strategies observed in certain *** inter-forest variability of some reproductive traits in passerines has been examined by comparing forest patches or separated ***,there is still little information regarding how such highly mobile animals adjust their breeding performance across continuous and heterogeneous *** we studied the reproductive performance of a population of Blue Tits(Cyanistes caeruleus) in an area of continuous Mediterranean woodland that included two mountain slopes and four different types of forest,ranging from deciduous oak forests to perennial non-oak *** studied the habitat heterogeneity and inter-forest phenotypic variation in terms of reproductive performance and adult and nestling biometry,besides also exploring the effects of ectoparasites on Blue Tit *** were laid earliest in deciduous Pyrenean Oak(Quercus pyrenaica) forests,while clutch size and the number of fledglings were highest in the humid Pyrenean Oak forest,which had the greatest tree coverage and most humid climate,and lowest in the coniferous Scots Pine(Pinus sylvestris) *** were no inter-forest differences in hatching(percentage of nests with at least one egg hatched) and fledging(percentage of nests in which at least one nestling fledged)***,there were no inter-forest differences in adult and nestling biometry,but adults that raised more fledglings had a lower body mass,while males whose females laid larger clutches had smaller *** ectoparasites did not affect Blue Tit reproduction,although Culicoides had a negative impact on nestling body *** results

关键词： Birds Breeding success Cavity-nesting birds Paridae Passerines Reproduction

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Male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-10页

作者： Roure Sílvia Vallès Xavier Pérez-Quílez Olga López-Mu?oz Israel Chamorro Anna Abad Elena Valerio Lluís Soldevila Laura Espa?a Sergio Hegazy Alaa H. A. Fernández-Rivas Gema Gorriz Ester Herena Dolores Oliveira Mário Miralles Maria Carme Conde carmen Montero-Alia Juan José Fernández-Pedregal Elia Miranda-Sánchez Jose Llibre Josep M. Isnard Mar Bonet Josep Maria Estrada Oriol Prat Núria Clotet Bonaventura The Schisto-Stop study group International Health Program (ProsICS) Barcelona North Metropolitan Territorial Directorate for Infectious Diseases Catalan Institute for Health CAP La Salut Passatge dels Encants S/N Badalona Spain Fundació Lluita contra les Infeccions c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Infectious Diseases Department Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Microbiology Department Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Department of Genetics and Microbiology Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Faculty of Medicine University of Asyut El Fateh Assiut Governorate Egypt Department of Urology Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Canovelles Primary Health Care Unit Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Indústria Canovelles Spain Primary Health Care Unit Mataró-(Rocafonda-Palau) Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health Camí Ral el Ravalet Mataró Barcelona Spain Barcelona North Metropolitan Primary Care Directorate Catalan Institute for Health Ctra. de Barcelona Sabadell Barcelona Spain Directorate for Innovation and Interdisciplinary Cooperation Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Can Ruti S/N Badalona Spain IrsiCaixa-AIDS Research Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital c/Can Ruti s/n Badalona Spain Infectious Diseases Directorate Barcelona North Metropolitan Health Directorate Catalan Institute for Health C/Can Ruti S/N Badalona Spain

Background Schistosomiasis is highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and frequently imported to Europe. Male urogenital manifestations are often neglected. We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of genitourinary clinical signs and symptoms among long-term African migrants in a non-endemic European country using a serology *** We carried out a prospective, community-based cross-sectional study of adult male migrants from sub-Saharan Africa living in *** serology tests and microscopic urine examinations were carried out, and clinical data were obtained from an electronic medical record search and a structured *** We included 388 adult males, mean age 43.5 years [Standard Deviation (SD) = 12.0, range: 18–76]. The median time since migration to the European Union was 17 [Interquartile range (IQR): 11–21] years. The most frequent country of origin was Senegal (N = 179, 46.1%). Of the 338, 147 (37.6%) tested positive forSchistosoma. Parasite eggs were present in the urine of only 1.3%. Nine genitourinary clinical items were significantly associated with positiveSchistosoma serology results: pelvic pain (45.2%;OR = 1.57, 95%CI: 1.0–2.4), pain on ejaculation (14.5%;OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.0–3.5), dyspareunia (12.4%;OR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.2–5.2), erectile dysfunction (9.5%;OR = 3.10, 95%CI: 1.3–7.6), self-reported episodes of infertility (32.1%;OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.0–2.8), haematuria (55.2%;OR = 2.37, 95%CI: 1.5–3.6), dysuria (52.1%;OR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.3–3.1), undiagnosed syndromic STIs (5.4%), and orchitis (20.7%;OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.0–3.1). Clinical signs tended to *** Urogenital clinical signs and symptoms are prevalent among male African long-term migrants with a positiveSchistosoma serology results. Genital involvement can be frequent even among those with long periods of non-residence in their sub-Saharan African countries of origin. Further research is needed to develop diagnostic tools and validate therapeutic approaches to

关键词： Schistosomiasis Chronic schistosomiasis Urogenital schistosomiasis Male genital schistosomiasis Longterm migrant

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Exercise and antioxidant supplements in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2013年第2期2卷 94-100页

作者： Mari carmen Gomez-Cabrera Beatriz Ferrando Thomas Brioche Fabian Sanchis-Gomar Jose Vina Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ValenciaFundacionInvestigacion Hospital Clinico Universitario/INCLIVAValencia 46010Spain Laboratory "Movement Sport and Health Sciences" University of RennesRennes EA1274France

Both exercise and aging increase reactive oxygen species （ros）, which can result in damage to cells. Aging is the result of damage caused by ros to the mitochondrial genome in post mitotic cells and numerous studies have demonstrated an increase in ros or their byproducts with exercise. ros can cause oxidative stress as they overwhelm the antioxidant cellular defenses. Therefore interventions aimed at limiting or inhibiting ros production, such as supplementation with antioxidant vitamins, should be able to reduce fatigue during muscle contraction and the rate of formation of aging changes with a consequent reduction of the aging rate and disease pathogenesis. However, it has been shown that ros are essential signaling molecules which are required to promote the health benefits of exercise and longevity. In young individuals, ros are required for normal force production in skeletal muscle, for the development of training-induced adaptations in endurance performance, as well as for the induction of the endogenous defense systems. Thus, taking antioxidants during training, in young athletes, seems to be detrimental. However, antioxidant supplementation may be expected to be beneficial and is receiving growing attention in the active old population. In this manuscript we review the literature associated with the main areas of interest in this topic.

关键词： Adaptations Aging Antioxidant enzymes NF-κB Oxidative stress PGC-1α Skeletal muscle

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Brief Note on a Scalar Quantum Field with Finite Lifetime in a Lorentz Invariant Non-Rectangular Euclidean Space

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Journal of Modern Physics 2014年第14期5卷 1344-1352页

作者： carmen Tornow Institute of Planetary Research DLR Berlin Germany

A not necessary rectangular Euclidean space (NoNRES) is constructed, in which one obtains a generally Lorentz invariant scalar product for the low energy sector (les). This sector is defined for energies below the Planckian limit. If the energy is zero, the NoNRES becomes rectangular and due to the Lorentz invariance, it is applicable for the complete les of the theory. In contrast to the usual Minkowski space the metric of the NoNRES depends on the kinetic energy of the observed quantum particles. It is assumed that this metric may be useful to derive the scattering cross-section of the corresponding quantum field theory. This assumption is related to the occurrence of divergent loop momentum integrals caused by including the infinite energy range above the Planckian limit (high energy sector or HES). Due to its energy dependence, the metric in both energy sectors differs. In the HES, it depends on the effective dimension of the NoNRES. This dependency results from fluctuations of the space-time above the Planckian limit. Even if they are not part of the theory (as they would be in quantum gravity), these fluctuations should not be ignored. The effective dimension decreases if the energy of the considered particle increases. Since this is true for the HES only, the ultraviolet divergences of loop integrals seem to vanish without distorting the results of the les. The mechanism is illustrated by calculating the tadpole integral occurring for a simple self-interacting scalar quantum field (with the Higgs mass as example). One obtains a finite contribution for the integral and consequently for the lifetime of the scalar particle.

关键词： Lorentz Invariance Scalar Field Renormalisation Lifetime

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Effects of Valine and Leucine on Some Antioxidant Enzymes in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

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Health 2014年第17期6卷 2313-2321页

作者： Elena Cojocaru Nina Filip carmen Ungureanu Cristiana Filip Mihai Danciu Department of Pathology University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi Romania Department of Biochemistry University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi Romania

Objective: Reactive oxygen species (ros) are involved in the endothelial-mediated disorders within atherosclerosis. Considering that an oxidant/antioxidant imbalance might be a key factor in the damaging ros-mediated effects, the present study intends to determine the influence of a high-fat diet, associated with essential amino acids—valine and leucine, upon the experimental animals, through evaluation of plasmatic level of some antioxidant enzymes. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 32 male Wistar rats, which were fed with cholesterol, valine and leucine, for 60 days. The animals were divided into four groups, according to the received diet: the first group—standard diet;the second group—cholesterol (C);the third group—cholesterol and valine (C + V);the fourth group—cholesterol and leucine (C + L). Evaluations of the oxidative status, through plasma levels of the antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidise (GPx), were made for the four mentioned groups of animals, at the beginning of the study (R0), after one (R1) and two months (R2). Results: The average values of SOD and GPx in group of animals fed exclusively with cholesterol (C) were significantly higher compared to the third group where cholesterol was supplemented with valine (C + V) or fourth group fed with cholesterol and leucine (C + L) (p rosclerosis. Moreover, analysis of the oxidative status in the context of atherosclerotic mediated endothelial damage suggests that deviation from normal to alter endothelial status may be conditioned by an

关键词： Valine Leucine SOD GPx Atherosclerosis

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Neuron Cell Degeneration Results from Perturbed Mitochondria or <i>Vice Versa</i>?

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2015年第1期5卷 13-33页

作者： Arturo Solís-Herrera María del carmen Arias-Esparza Paola E. Solís-Arias Human Photosynthesis^® Study Center Aguascalientes México

Mitochondrial disease has important implications for numerous functions that affect different cells lines and tissues. The mitochondrion is an organelle that draws much attention from researchers, but their study is hampered by changing in number, size, shape, and location among other things. To date, it is not understood if mitochondrial alterations could be considered to be downstream effects or are the root causes of diseases classified as neurodegenerative. It is an unresolved enigma if mitochondrion form, size, location, and number become crucial to the correct functioning of distinct cells lines and tissues, besides the role of reactive oxygen species (ros) generated during the metabolism of glucose. The unexpected role of melanin to transform radiative energy directly into chemical energy by dissociation of the water molecule marks a milestone in the study of mitochondrial diseases.

关键词： Neurodegeneration Energy Mitochondria Human Photosynthesis Hydrogen Water Dissociation

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Added after Anoxia-Reoxigenation Stress, Genistein Rescues from Death the Rat Embryo Cortical Neurons

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2010年第2期1卷 50-59页

作者： Arce carmen Arteaga José Luis Sánchez-mendoza Eduardo Oset Gasque Ma Jesús González Ma Pilar Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CSIC Ramiro de Maeztu Madrid Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty of Pharmacy Universidad Complutense Madrid Spain

Estrogens and phytoestrogens have neuroprotective effect against neuronal damage induced by cerebral ischemia /reperfusion (I/R) injury. In preceding studies, the phytoestrogen effects have been assessed by administration previous to the ischemic period, conditions which are unusual to apply to the treatment of human stroke. Here we present a study on neuroprotection afforded by genistein on rat embryo cortical neurons subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) followed by re-oxigenation, when added after the stress stimulus. At 1 and 2 h of OGD times and after 24 h of reperfusion, cell viability, necrotic, apoptotic and autophagic cell death and different parameters related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured in the absence and presence of 1 μM genisteine. We found an in-creasing loss of neuronal viability after 1-5 h of OGD which was only reversed in part by 24 h of reperfusion. These changes were preceded by increases in ros generation, caspase-3 activation, LDH release and increase in LC3B lipi-dation, indicative of autophagia. Treatment with 1 μM genistein during the 24 h reperfusion significantly attenuated neuronal necrosis and autophagia induced by 1 and 2 h of OGD exposure. Genistein also decreased ros generation and lipid-peroxidation induced by 2 h of OGD. These results suggest an important neuroprotective effect of genistein against transient post-ischemic-like

关键词： Cortical Neurons Oxygen-glucose Deprivation Brain Ischemia Neuronal Death Necrosis Apoptosis Autophagy

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